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Seismic geomorphology and main controls of deep-water gravity flow sedimentary process on the slope of the northern South China Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第10期55卷 747-757页

作者： LI Lei WANG YingMin XU Qiang ZHAO JingZhou LI Dong School of Petroleum Resources Xi'an Shiyou UniversityXi'an 710065China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100027China

The Quaternary continental slope of the Baiyun Sag in northern South China Sea is characterized by a complex topography and abundant gravity flow ***-resolution 3-D seismic data in this area allow for a detailed study of the seismic geomorphology and deep-water gravity flow depositional *** Quaternary continental slope in the northern South China Sea is an above-graded *** intraslope basin lies within the above-grade continental ***,erosion,and deposition processes tend to develop a gentle topography and consequently a graded *** upper continental slope,which is above the slope equilibrium profile,is dominated by erosion and ***,slumps and erosional channels are developed within this continental *** intraslope basin is located below the slope equilibrium profile and is potential accommodation space where sediments transported by gravity flows could be deposited,forming lobe *** the influence of gravity flow supply,gravity flow duration,continental slope topography,equilibrium profile,and accommodation,a slump-erosional channel-lobe depositional system is developed in the Quaternary continental slope in the Baiyun *** deep-water gravity flow depositional process and the distribution of gravity flow sediments are greatly influenced by the continental slope topography,while the continental slope topography at the same time is reshaped by deep-water gravity flow depositional process and its *** study of the interplay between the continental slope and gravity flow is helpful in predicting the distribution of the deep-water gravity flow sediments and the variation of sediment quality.

关键词： seismic geomorphology deep water gravity flow sedimentary process South China Sea

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An application of two-phase 1DV model in studying sedimentary processes on an erosional mudflat at Yangtze River Delta, China

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 715-728页

作者： Chunyang XU Ping DONG College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China School of Science and Engineering University of Dundee Dundee DD 14HN United Kingdom College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

A two-phase flow model for predicting sedi- mentation processes under wave and current conditions is presented. The model is based on solving the one- dimensional continuity and momentum equations for both fluid and solid phases through water column （1 DV）. The standard mixing length model is modified to take into account the buoyancy effect due to the gradient of suspended sediments near the seabed. The model is applied to study sedimentation processes on an erosional mudflat in the Yangtze River Delta, China, and intra-tide variations of flow properties and mud concentration are predicted and compared with field measurements. It was found that it is necessary to include the wave-induced shear stress in determining sediment erosion and the existence of a fluid mud layer can significantly influence both the flow structure and the distribution of sediment concentration in the water column. The turbulence dissipation induced by the fluid mud layer has the effect of increasing the duration of re-suspension during the early stage of the ebb. The overall good agreement between measured data and model results demonstrates the capability of the model.

关键词： two-phase flow sedimentary process mud- flat fluid mud stratification effects

The early-middle Miocene submarine fan system in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea

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Petroleum Science 2012年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： Wang Yongfeng Wang Yingmin Xu Qiang Li Dong Zhuo Haiteng Zhou Wei College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting Beijing 102249China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100027China

Based on a large amount of seismic, drilling and core data, the characteristics of the early- middle Miocene submarine fans in the Baiyun Sag, northern South China Sea are investigated. By analyzing the sedimentary processes of submarine fans in SQ21 （SQ21 refers to the 3rd-order sequence with its bottom boundary 21 Ma）, a sedimentary model of the sand-rich fans is established and the main factors controlling fan deposition are detailed. The results indicate that from early to middle Miocene the Pearl River Mouth Basin developed seven 3rd-order sequences in all, with each lowstand systems tract （LST） of the sequence corresponding to submarine fans. However, only the fans in SQ13.8 and SQ21 are sand-rich fans, the others being mud-rich fans. The cores reveal that the submarine fans in the Pearl River Mouth Basin developed five lithofacies：（1） mud clast-bearing sandstone, interpreted as channel deposits; （2） typical turbidite sandstones, also interpreted as channel deposits; （3） thin-bedded sandstone and mudstone, interpreted as channel-levee complex deposits; （4） massive sandstones, interpreted as lobe deposits; （5） massive mudstone, interpreted as hemipelagic mud. The sand-rich submarine fans in the Pearl River Mouth Basin mainly developed in LST, and in LST reverse faults were active, which led to the formation of accommodation on the shelf. Different from the theory of classic sequence stratigraphy, the accommodation on the shelf captures terrigenous debris transported by the Pearl River, and the uplift at the edge of shelf serves as a ＂Linear Source＂ for the deep water area instead of the Pearl River. Therefore, the fans mainly derived from the eroded debris from the uplift. Factors controlling fan deposition include the basin＇s tectonic framework, the evolution of the slope break, relative sea-level changes as well as the evolution of the fault system, and the fans are formed under the combination of the above factors.

关键词： Submarine fan lithofacies reverse fault sedimentary process controlling factor

CFD simulation on the generation of turbidites in deepwater areas: a case study of turbidity current processes in Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第12期33卷 127-137页

作者： JIANG Tao ZHANG Yingzhao TANG Sulin ZHANG Daojun ZUO Qianmei LIN Weiren WANG Yahui SUN Hui WANG Bo Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Limited

Turbidity currents represent a major agent for sediment transport in lakes, seas and oceans. In particu-lar, they formulate the most significant clastic accumulations in the deep sea, which become many of the world＇s most important hydrocarbon reservoirs. Several boreholes in the Qiongdongnan Basin, the north-western South China Sea, have recently revealed turbidity current deposits as significant hydrocarbon res-ervoirs. However, there are some arguments for the potential provenances. To solve this problem, it is es-sential to delineate their sedimentary processes as well as to evaluate their qualities as reservoir. Numerical simulations have been developed rapidly over the last several years, offering insights into turbidity current behaviors, as geologically significant turbidity currents are difficult to directly investigate due to their large scale and often destructive nature. Combined with the interpretation of the turbidity system based on high-resolution 3D seismic data, the paleotophography is acquired via a back-stripping seismic profile integrated with a borehole, i.e., Well A, in the western Qiongdongnan Basin; then a numerical model is built on the basis of this back-stripped profile. After defining the various turbidity current initial boundary conditions, includ-ing grain size, velocity and sediment concentration, the structures and behaviors of turbidity currents are investigated via numerical simulation software ANSYS FLUENT. Finally, the simulated turbidity deposits are compared with the interpreted sedimentary bodies based on 3D seismic data and the potential provenances of the revealed turbidites by Well A are discussed in details. The simulation results indicate that a sedimen-tary body develops far away from its source with an average grain size of 0.1 mm, i.e., sand-size sediment. Taking into account the location and orientation of the simulated seismic line, the consistence between normal forward simulation results and the revealed cores in

关键词： turbidity current CFD simulation 3D seismic interpretation sedimentary process

Early-Holocene Paleo-Tropical Cyclone Activity Inferred from a sedimentary Sequence in South Yellow Sea,East Asia

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第3期33卷 789-801页

作者： Geng Liu Xibin Han Yanping Chen Jun Li Lehui Song Xin Zhou Bangqi Hu Liang Yi MNR Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Zhejiang Academy of Marine Sciences Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology Qingdao Institute of Marine GeologyChina Geological SurveyQingdao 266071China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Wuhan Center China Geological SurveyWuhan 430205China

Although tropical cyclones play a critical role in global climate changes,their long-term variations in the past are not well *** this article,a sediment core from the South Yellow Sea was studied in order to reveal the influence of tropical cyclones on depositional *** the results of radiocarbon dating and sediment grain-size analysis,we show that the studied sequence was deposited during the Holocene and the sedimentary dynamics were stable and at a relatively low level,with a median grain-size range of 5.3-8.7μ*** is found that coarse particles were likely transported by highly dynamic depositional *** on the findings,a record of paleo-tropical cyclones was derived for the Early Holocene,and several intervals with a reduced influence of tropical cyclones were *** addition,it reveals a good agreement between the grain-size results and the changes in solar activity,monsoonal intensity,and the El Ni?o-Southern ***,it can be concluded that the influence of tropical cyclones on the sedimentary evolution of the muddy zone of the South Yellow Sea was substantial during the Early Holocene on centennial timescales,and that solar maxima may control the intensity of tropical cyclones via strengthening the walker circulation over the tropical Pacific.

关键词： the Yellow Sea Early Holocene tropical cyclone sedimentary process sediment grain size solar activity

Formation,evolution,reconstruction of black shales and their influence on shale oil and gas resource

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 551-585页

作者： Shi-zhen Li Qiu-chen Xu Mu Liu Guo-heng Liu Yi-fan Li Wen-yang Wang Xiao-guang Yang Wei-bin Liu Yan-fei An Peng Sun Tao Liu Jiang-hui Ding Qian-chao Li Chao-gang Fang State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil Beijing 100083China The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Resource and Environment Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Yangtze University Wuhan 430100China Nanjing Center China Geological SurveyNanjing 210016China National Elite Institute of Engineering CNPCBeijing 100096China

Black shales are important products of material cycling and energy exchange among the lithosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere,and *** are widely distributed throughout geological history and provide essential energy and mineral resources for the development of human *** also record the evolution process of the earth and improve the understanding of the *** review focuses on the diagenesis and formation mechanisms of black shales sedimentation,composition,evolution,and reconstruction,which have had a significant impact on the formation and enrichment of shale oil and *** terms of sedimentary environment,black shales can be classified into three types:Marine,terrestrial,and marine-terrestrial transitional *** formation processes include mechanisms such as eolian input,hypopycnal flow,gravity-driven and offshore bottom *** a geological perspective,the formation of black shales is often closely related to global or regional major geological *** enrichment of organic matter is generally the result of the interaction and coupling of several factors such as primary productivity,water redox condition,and sedimentation *** terms of evolution,black shales have undergone diagenetic evolution of inorganic minerals,thermal evolution of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation,interactions between organic matter and inorganic minerals,and pore *** terms of reconstruction,the effects of fold deformation,uplift and erosion,and fracturing have changed the stress state of black shale reservoirs,thereby having a significant impact on the pore *** activity promotes the formation of veins,and have changed the material composition,stress structure,and reservoir properties of black *** resource effects,the deposition of black shales is fundamental for shale oil and gas resources,the evolution of black shales promotes the shale oil and gas formation and storage,and the reconstruction of black shales wou

关键词： Black shales Shale oil and gas Resource effects sedimentary environment sedimentary process Organic matter accumulation Diagenetic evolution Thermal evolution Organic matter and inorganic minerals Tectonic reconstruction Oil and gas exploration engineering Veins Fluid activity

Composition, spatial distribution, and environmental significance of water ions in Pumayum Co catchment, southern Tibet

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2010年第1期20卷 109-120页

作者： ZHU Liping JU Jianting WANG Yong XIE Manping WANG Junbo PENG Ping ZHEN Xiaolin LIN Xiao Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research CAS Beijing 100085 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The chemistry of major cations （Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋, Na^＋, and K^＋） and anions （HCO3^-, SO4^2-, and CI^-） in the water of Lake Pumayum Co and its inflow river was studied, revealing the obvious ionic difference among various inflow rivers and the lake. The chemical type of the lake water was Mg^2＋-Ca^2＋-HCO3^- -SO^2＋, but the major ions of the main inflow rivers were Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-HCO3^-. In the lake inlet of Jiaqu River, the main inflow river, there was significant variance of water chemistry within the depth less than 2 m. However, it was almost homogeneous at other area of the lake. Therefore, with the evidence of distribution of water chemistry and oxygen isotope of lake water, a conclusion can be outlined that Jiaqu River had a distinct effect on the hydrochemistry of the water on the submerged delta, whereas this is not the case for other rivers. The Gibbs plot revealed that the dominant mechanism responsible for controlling chemical compositions of the lake water was rocks weathering in the drainage area. Ion ratios and ternary plots further explored the main processes controlling the water chemistry of the catchment, i.e., carbonate weathering, pyrite weathering, and silicate weathering. The different hydrochemistry characteristics between river water and lake water may result from the CaCO3 precipitation. The findings will benefit the explanation of the environmental significance of carbonate in paleolimnological studies in the lake.

关键词： Lake Pumayum Co hydrochemistry spatial distribution sedimentary process carbonate

Fractal and its application to sedimentology

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2002年第2期8卷 31-37页

作者：余继峰李增学韩美莲 AcademeofGeoscience ShandongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyTalan271019China AcademeofSourceandGeosclence ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnologyXuzhou221008AcademeofGeoscienceShandongUniversityofSci

In the paper,the foundation,development,basic conception and general characteristics of fractal and the calculating method of the fractional dimension are expounded briefly, and the current situation and prospect of the fractal application in sedimentology are discussed stressly. Both sedimentary process and sedimentary record behave the fractal feature of the self similarity structure. External form and internal texture of the sediments and the distribution of the grain size of the sediments are of fractal feature very well, and the size of the fractional dimension is the quantitative index of the complexity of the background when they are formed. The further analysis on the multi fractal feature of the sedimentary body is the base of the fractal simulation and forecast, and it is the key of the application of the fractal theory to sedimentology.

关键词： fractal fractional dimension sedimentary body multi fractal sedimentary process sedimentary record