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sediment source-to-sink process variations of sandy-muddy transitional beaches and their morphological indications

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第7期42卷 10-24页

作者： Shaohua Zhao Feng Cai Hongshuai Qi Jianhui Liu Chao Cao Gen Liu Gang Lei Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration Xiamen 361005China

The clay mineralogy of 28 sandy-muddy transitional beach(SMT-Beach)sediments and surrounding mountain river sediments along the coasts of southeastern China was systematically investigated to reveal the sediment source-to-sink process variations of such beaches and their morphological *** results show that the clay mineral assemblages of these SMT-Beaches mainly comprise of almost equal illite(~30%),kaolinite(~28%),chlorite(~22%),and smectite(~20%)*** the surrounding mountain rivers to the SMT-Beaches,clay mineral assemblages show distinct spatial changes characterized by a large decrease(~40%)in kaolinite,whereas the other three clay minerals present relative increases,especially clear for *** muddy sediment sources of SMT-Beaches inferred from the clay mineralogy are mainly derived from nearby mountain rivers coupled with long-distance transport and penetration of the Changjiang *** sandy sediments of these beaches are predominantly sourced from nearby mountain rivers,the weathering products of surrounding rocks in both mainland and island environments,and erosion of the“Old Red Sand”and“Red Soil Platform”.However,the sandy sediment sources of the SMT-Beaches are largely reduced because of the remarkable decrease in the river fluvial supply associated with intensive human activities such as dam construction and coastal ***,the sandy sections of SMT-Beaches present clear erosion and have revealed by both time series remote sensing images and a compilation of published *** contrast,the muddy sediment supply of SMT-Beaches is temporarily stable and relatively constant,resulting in the landward migration of the mudflats with relative transgression or *** findings highlight that the natural evolution processes of SMT-Beaches have been greatly reshaped by intensive human activities.

关键词： sandy-muddy transitional beach clay mineral sediment source human activity fluvial discharge morphological evolution

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Analysis of sediment source of Watershed in Western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2004年第2期3卷 71-76页

作者： LIUHuifang WEITianxing ZHUQingke SoilandWaterConservationandCombatDesertificationLaborato~ BeijingForestryUniversityBeiiing100083P.R.China

The paper analyzes the sediment source of watershed by means of studying watershed in westernShanxi of the Losses Plateau. On the basis of watersheds classification, 7 typical watersheds were chosen andobserved for 11 years. The result shows that the sediment at the small watershed mainly comes from gullies,which is 60% of the total sediment. Erosion modulus of valley (including gully head, gully bed, valley side)is 1.28~2.48 times as that of the area between channels(including hill slope and mound of the Loess Plateau).The main sediment source of slope erosion is cultivated land on slope without water and soil conservationmeasures.

关键词： Loess Plateau small watershed erosion sediment source

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sediment flux and source in northern Yellow Sea by ^(210)Pb technique

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2006年第3期24卷 255-263页

作者：李凤业李学刚宋金明王桂芝程鹏高抒 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science the Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Key Laboratory of MOE for Coast and Island Development Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

sedimentation of fine-grained deposits on coastal zones and continental shelves are important because of the association with chemical pollutants, and the implication to the impact on biological processes, the stratigraphic correlations, and changes in sedimentary environments. The Yellow Sea continental shelf receives large quantities of sediment from the Huanghe （Yellow） River. Unfortunately, little attention has been yet paid to the sedimentation on the shallow shelf and its features, and the vertical sediment flux in the area is poorly understood. In this study, nine cores were collected in northern Yellow Sea by the R/V Science 1 in September, 1998 and 1999 to examine the sedimentation rate, sediment flux and the provenance with ^210Pb analysis. The 2^210Pb activity profiles showed that the vertical sediment flux ranged from 0.06 to 1.18 g/cm^2·a in the region. In central part of the area, there was a patch of fine-grained mud, with the flux below 0.33 g/cm^2·a. Most profiles were featured in two-segment model. Differences in the profiles reflected spatial and temporal variations in hydrodynamic and sedimentary processes. In order to determine the provenance and sedimentary setting in the area, the geochemistry of Ca, Fe, Sr, Cu, Ti and Rb in 11 surficial sediment samples were studied, which showed that in the central northern Yellow Sea, the mud deposit was from multi-source but mainly from the Huanghe River.

关键词： ^210Pb Vertical sediment flux sediment source The Yellow Sea

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sediment sources and their impacts on a check dam-controlled watershed, Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第6期20卷 1660-1673页

作者： BAI Lu-lu SHI Peng WANG Wen LI Zhan-bin YU Kun-xia LI Peng CUI Ling-zhou SHEN Rong-jian GUAN Mu-hong DU Xin-chun ZHANG Xun-le CHEN Wen-fu State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an 710048China Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an 710048China College of Life and Environmental Science Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Anhui Water Resources Development Co. Ltd.Bengbu 233010China

Soil erosion is a major issue in Loess Plateau,China,and quantitative analyses of sediment sources are crucial for soil erosion *** this study,a combination of flood couplet analysis and composite fingerprint identification was used for historical reconstructions of soil erosion in sediment source areas in Loess *** flood couplet was constructed based on sediment 137Cs activity,and past soil erosion was calculated using soil bulk density and storage capacity *** contribution rates of the sediment sources were calculated using the fingerprinting method,and the amount of erosion in the sediment source areas was *** best fingerprint combination(Cr,Ni,V,and TOC)enabled a 97.2%recognition of sediment sources from 29 flood events(1956–1990)in the Loess *** contribution rates of gullies,farmland,grassland,and shrubland were 44.89%,26.38%,10.49%,and 18.24%,*** four land use types contributed 1,227,751,512,and 279 tons of sediments,***-vegetation decreased soil erosion(1966–1983),whereas deforestation increased soil erosion(1956–1965 and 1984–1990).Rational soil and water conservation measures on slopes and check dam construction in gullies are therefore suggested to mitigate erosion.

关键词： Check dam sediment source Soil and water conservation Land use changes Loess Plateau

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Analysis of the sediment sources of flood driven erosion and deposition in the river channel of the Fu River Basin

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International Journal of sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 653-661页

作者： Shanghong Zhang Xujian Hu Wei Miao Zan Xu School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power University

Studying the characteristics of runoff and sediment processes and revealing the sources of sediment provide key guidance for the scientific formulation of relevant soil erosion protection measures and water conservancy development plans. In the current study, the flow and sediment data of five hydrological stations on the main stream of the Fu River Basin(FRB) from 2007 to 2018 were selected to identify flood events, explore the variation of sediment transport along the FRB, and clarify the sediment sources. The results found that the Jiangyou—Fujiangqiao section is the main source of sediment in the FRB during the flood season. The runoff volume and sediment load during flood events in the Jiangyou—Fujiangqiao section accounted for 35% and 145% respectively of that of Xiaoheba station. These results combined with the change of the sediment load before and after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake(May12) show that the sediment in this section mainly comes from the Fu River tributary—the Tongkou River watershed. The calculation results for the sediment carrying capacity of the Fu River show that the main stream was in a state of erosion in theory. However, according to the calculation results for the interval sediment yield during flood events, the sediment load at the Xiaoheba station was smaller than that at the Shehong station upstream. The analysis indicates that this was not because of sediment deposition in the river channel, but because of sand mining in the river channel and sediment interception by water conservancy projects. If heavy rainfall occurs in the FRB, the sediment accumulated upstream will move downstream with the resulting flood, and the sediment yield in the FRB may further increase. These research conclusions can provide reference information for improving the prediction and management ability of soil and water loss in the FRB and scientific regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

关键词： Flood event Fu River Basin (FRB) sediment source Channel erosion and deposition sediment carrying capacity

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Tracing sediment transport history using mineralogical fingerprinting in a river basin with dams utilizing sediment sluicing

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International Journal of sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 469-480页

作者： Kenichi Ito Motohide Matsunaga Tomoya Itakiyo Hiroyuki Oishi Kei Nukazawa Mitsuteru Irie Yoshihiro Suzuki Center for International Relations University of Miyazaki Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki Oita Prefectural Government West Japan Engineering Consultants Inc.

sediment causes a serious problem in relation to dam function. A cooperative sediment sluicing operation has been under way since 2017 to prevent sediment from accumulating in dams in the Mimi River,Miyazaki, Japan. To achieve a smooth and stable operation, it is very important to determine the sediment source and a sediment transport system to maintain the dam’s function. In the current study, the source and transport of sediment from the Mimi River basin have been analyzed with X-ray diffraction(XRD) to reveal the peaks of mineral species. The sediment samples were collected in the Mimi River basin from the Tsukabaru Dam to the sea in an area including 4 dams and 5 tributaries. In addition, the minerals in samples collected in 2014, before the start of the sediment sluicing operation, and from 2018 to 2020, after the start of the operation, were analyzed. An evaluation of the similarity of the sediment at each sampling point based on the X-ray diffraction peaks of mineral species showed that sediment distributed upstream was transported downstream in the year when the sediment sluicing was *** result indicates that the sediment sluicing operation at dams ensured the continuity of the sediment distribution in the Mimi River basin. In addition, an investigation done in 2020 showed that sediment particles very similar to those of the upstream tributaries were deposited downstream because of extensive flooding caused by a large typhoon. The management of sediment transport has the greatest importance in a river basin where a dam is to be constructed. It is possible to trace the history of the sediment distribution and movement resulting from the operation of sediment sluicing by using sediment mineral analysis.

关键词： sediment sluicing sediment source X-ray diffraction (XRD) Mineralogical analysis Cluster analysis

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Distribution of gamma-ray radionuclides in surface sediments of the KongsQorden, Arctic: Implications for sediment provenance

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第1期41卷 21-29页

作者： Sheng Zeng Binbin Deng Jinlong Wang Juan Du Jinzhou Du State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Monitoring Center of Aquatic Environment of Pearl River Basin Guangzhou 510611China Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

The Kongsfjorden is highly sensitive region to climate variability,however,the study of gamma-ray radionuclides in related areas is relatively *** this study,the grain size,total organic carbon(TOC),13 Corg isotopes,and specific activities of seven gamma nuclides were analysed in surface sediments of the Kongsfjorden in the Arctic during the summer of *** specific activities of 210 Pb_(ex),137 Cs,238 U,226 Ra,228 Ra,228 Th,and 40 K were 12–256 Bq/kg,0–3.8 Bq/kg,25–42 Bq/kg,24–38 Bq/kg,22–40 Bq/kg,22–40 Bq/kg,and 354–738 Bq/kg,respectively,with average values of(121±94)Bq/kg,(2.0±1.2)Bq/kg,(34±6)Bq/kg,(32±4)Bq/kg,(32±6)Bq/kg,(33±6)Bq/kg,and(611±119)Bq/*** study observed a significant positive correlation(r=0.845,psediments of the outer *** grain size was an important factor affecting the activity distribution of several radionuclides(238 U,228 Ra,228 Th,226 Ra,and 40 K).The specific activity of 137 Cs indicated the transport of terrestrial materials from the exposed area of the *** sediments in the Kongsfjorden were derived from various material contributions of glacial meltwater debris,glacial rivers,bare soil,atmospheric deposition,and marine *** study explains the source of the Kongsfjorden sediment and the distribution characteristics of radionuclides,and illustrateas the main factors affecting the distribution of radionuclides,which provides a reference for the behavior of polar radionuclides in future research.

关键词： Kongsfjorden sediment TOC radionuclide sediment source

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Using a fluvial archive to place extreme flood sediment(dis)connectivity dynamics in context of a longer-term record

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International Journal of sediment Research 2022年第4期37卷 447-456页

作者： Kirstie Fryirs Chris Thompson Damian Gore School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Seqwater

The aim of this study was to establish the source and provenance of sediments deposited in a large floodplain sink during extreme floods in the Lockyer Creek catchment, Australia, in 2011 and 2013. We place the sediment source patterns in context of the longer-term record to determine whether coarsegrained sediment sources(i.e., very fine sand to very coarse sand) and the spatio-temporal pattern of(dis)connectivity have changed over time. We do this by matching the geochemical properties and age structure of a sediment profile located in a downstream floodplain sink to the elemental composition of source sediments. One hundred and fifty-seven sediment samples from 20 sites across the catchment are analysed using X-ray fluorescence(XRF) spectrometry to compare the elemental ratio composition of the downstream floodplain sink to its source materials. We use Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)dating to determine the age structure of the sediments in the floodplain sink. The northern tributaries and parts of the Lockyer River trunk stream are the primary sources of coarse sediment. These areas are connected(coupled) to the lower trunk stream and floodplain sediment sink. Southern tributaries are largely disconnected(decoupled) and supply little sediment to the floodplain sediment sink. This pattern of sediment source contribution has remained similar over the last 6.8 ka at least. sediment sources as observed in the 2011 flood have predominated over the mid-late Holocene whilst those in the 2013 flood are rare.

关键词： sediment provenance Geomorphology sediment source sediment sink Lockyer Valley

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Performance evaluation of a water erosion tracer using plot-scale experiments and process-based modeling

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 622-632页

作者： João M.Villela Jamil A.A.Anache Alex M.Watanabe Dennis C.Flanagan Edson C.Wendland Silvio Crestana EMBRAPA-Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation LNNA-National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for AgrobusinessSt.XV de NovembroSão CarlosSP13560-970Brazil University of São Paulo(USP) São Carlos School of Engineering.Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Sciences(PPG-SEA)Av.Trabalhador São-CarlenseCxP.359São CarlosSP13566590Brazil Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation São Carlos School of Engineering(EESC)University of São Paulo(USP)CxP.359São CarlosSP13566-590Brazil Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul CxP.549Campo Grande.MS.79070-900Brazil USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory275 S.Russell StWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Socioeconomic and environmental losses caused by water erosion have highlighted the importance of quantifying and understanding the dynamics of soil redistribution in the landscape to develop effective soil management *** methods are applied to estimate erosion/deposition rates and identify sources of sediments,among them,the one that uses rare earth elements(REE)as a tracer stands ***,an alternative not yet explored that can benefit the accuracy of the estimates provided by the method is using a tracer containing a chemical signature composed of more than one *** present study aimed to evaluate the performance of a new water erosion tracer based on montmoril-lonite labeled with rare earth elements(La40-MMT).The innovative aspects of this La40-MMT tracer include its highly stable multi-chemical signature(Nd^(3+),La^(3+),and Pr^(3+)),which enhances tracer detection in the environment,and its low production cost due to the use of an industrial residue in the synthesis *** tracer was evaluated for a typical soil of the Cerrado biome,using a natural rainfall field-scale plot-NRFP(5 m × 20 m)and a physical predictive erosion model(WEPP).The results showed that the La40-MMT tracer could be used to estimate erosion/deposition rates,with agreement between the values observed with the tracer and the WEPP ***,this study confirmed the great potential of La40-MMT as a tool to identify patterns of soil redistribution at the field scale and aid in the validation of erosion models.

关键词： Soil erosion Tracer Rare earth elements Deposition sediment source WEPP Model

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Geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium in Late Permian coals from the Zhongliangshan coalfield, southwestern China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 230-250页

作者： Qingfeng LU Shenjun QIN Hongyang BAI Wenfeng WANG De’e QI Xin HE Bofei ZHANG School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory for Resource Exploration Research of Hebei Province Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources&Reservoir Formation Process Ministry of EducationChina University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou 221008China

Rare earth elements and yttrium(REY)in coal deposits are considered promising alternative sources for these resources owing to their increasing global *** paper reports the geochemical characteristics of REY in the Late Permian coals from an underground K1a seam section of the Zhongliangshan coalfield in Chongqing,southwestern *** mineralogy,degree of enrichment,distribution patterns,modes of occurrence,and sediment origin of REY were *** with the average of world coals,the concentration of REY in the K1a coals were normal,dominated by light REY(LREY),with less medium and heavy REY(MREY,HREY).The fractionation degree of the MREY and HREY are higher than that of LREY in most K1a coal samples,deduced from the mixed enrichment type of REY,mainly including M-H-type,and a few L-M type and *** addition,the combination of anomalies of Ce,Eu,Gd,and Al_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2) parameters,the terrigenous materials in the K1a coal were derived from the felsic-intermediate rocks at the top of the Emeishan basalt sequence,and the samples were affected by seawater intrusion during early peat *** the minerals primarily consist of kaolinite,illite,pyrite,and small amounts of quartz,calcite and anatase,REY are correlated with ash yield,SiO2,and Al_(2)O_(3),revealing that the REY mainly occur in aluminosilicate minerals,especially kaolinite and ***,REY positively relate to P_(2)O_(5) and Zr,which may exist in phosphate-containing minerals or ***,most samples in the K1a coal or ash do not reach the cut-off grade for the beneficial recovery of *** the exception of central Guizhou,southwestern Chongqing,and the junction of western Guizhou and northeastern Yunnan,the REY content in coals from southwestern China are high,and its by-products are suitable as potential REY sources.

关键词： rare earth elements and yttrium Zhongliangshan K1a coal sediment source modes of occurrence geochemical characteristics

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