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Study of relationship between wave transport and sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) in the tropical Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第9期35卷 58-66页

作者： SHI Yongfang WU Kejian ZHU Xianye YANG Fan ZHANG Yuming Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical The First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration

Large-scale water transport is one of the key factors that affect sea surface temperature anomaly（SSTA） in the eastern equatorial Pacific（EEP）.The relationship between the wave transport in the tropical Pacific and the SSTA in the EEP is examined by different methods,including band-pass filtering,period analysis,correlation analysis,significant analysis,and empirical orthogonal function（EOF） *** have found that the eastward shift of the wave transport anomaly in the tropical Pacific,with a period of 2 a and enhancing the transport of warm waters from the western Pacific warm pool,precedes the increase of sea surface temperature（SST） in the *** wave transport and the SSTA in the EEP have a maximum correlation of 0.65 with a time-lag of 6 months（transport variation precedes the temperature）.The major periods（3.7 a and 2.45 a） of the wave transport variability,as revealed by the EOF analysis,appear to be consistent with the SSTA oscillation cycle in the *** on the first occurrence of a significant SSTA in the Ni？o 3 region（5°S–5°N,90°–150°W）,two types of warm events are *** wave transport anomalies in two types present predominantly the west anomaly in the tropical Pacific,it is that the wave transport continues transport warm water from west to east before the onset of the warm *** impact of wave-induced water transport on the SSTA in the EEP is confirmed by the heat flux of the wave *** wave transport exerts significant effect on the SSTA variability in the EEP and thus is not neglectable in the further studies.

关键词： wave transport eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly warm events

The effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第4期12卷 535-547页

作者： Qian Yongfu Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing Univ. Nanjing 21008 China. China

A modified and improved primitive equation numerical model with p-sigma incorporated vertical coordinates is used to simulate the effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties. The different sea surface temperature (SST) distributions are automatically generated in the time integrations by using two different SST models, one of which is called the deep ocean model (DOM) and the other the shallow ocean model (SOM). The SST generated by the DOM has the distribution pattern of the initial SST which is similar to the pattern in the cold water years over the western Pacific, while the SST generated by the SOM has the pattern similar to that in the warm water years. The differences between the experimental results by using DOM and SOM are analyzed in detail. The analyses indicate that the most basic and important characteristics of the summer monsoon climate can be simulated successfully in both experiments, that means the climatic properties in the monsoonal climate regions are mainly determined by the seasonal heating, the contrast between the land and the sea, the topography, and the physical properties of the underlying surfaces. However, the differences between the two experiments tell us that the climatic properties in the summer monsoon regions in the cold water year and the warm water year do differ from each other in details. In the warm water year, the thermal contrast between the land and the sea becomes weaker. Over the warm water area, the upward motions are induced and the dynamical conditions favorable for the convective activities are formed, the Somali low-level cross equatorial current is somewhat weakened, while the cross equatorial currents, east of 90°E, are strongly strengthened, the precipitation amount in the tropical regions largely increases, and the precipitation over the coastal regions increases, too. However the precipitation over the southeast China and its coastal area d

关键词： sea surface temperature anomaly monsoon climate modelling computational models of SST

Causes of a Typical Southern Flood and Northern Drought Event in 2015 over Eastern China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2092-2107,I0014,I0015页

作者： Zhuoyuan LI Qing YANG Dian YUAN Er LU Zhuguo MA Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xiongan Institute of Innovation Chinese Academy of SciencesXiongan New Area 071800China

The spatial distribution of summer precipitation anomalies over eastern China often shows a dipole pattern,with anti-phased precipitation anomalies between southern China and northern China,known as the“southern flooding and northern drought”(SF-ND)*** 2015,China experienced heavy rainfall in the south and the worst drought since 1979 in the north,which caused huge social and economic *** reanalysis data,the atmospheric circulation anomalies and possible mechanisms related to the summer precipitation anomalies in 2015 were *** results showed that both El Niño and certain atmospheric teleconnections,including the Pacific Japan/East Asia Pacific(PJ/EAP),Eurasia pattern(EU),British–Baikal Corridor pattern(BBC),and Silk Road mode(SR),contributed to the dipole pattern of precipitation *** combination of these factors caused a southwards shift of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and a weakening of the East Asian summer ***,it was difficult for the monsoon front and associated rain band to migrate northwards,which meant that less precipitation occurred in northern China while more precipitation occurred in southern *** resulted in the SF-ND ***,further analysis revealed that global sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs)or sea-ice anomalies were key to stimulating these atmospheric teleconnections.

关键词： drought flood El Niño atmospheric teleconnection sea surface temperature anomaly

Contribution of Winter SSTA in the Tropical Eastern Pacific to Changes of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation over Southeast China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第2期36卷 282-291页

作者： Xianghua WU Qihao ZHU Chao WANG Yue ZHOU Yiqi CHEN Xintong TIAN Yajie HUA School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters and Earth System Modeling Center Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan 430074

Tropical cyclone precipitation(TCP)accounts for 10%-40%of the boreal summer precipitation that occurs over Southeast China(SEC),causing flood disasters and serious *** the decadal scale,TCP increases significantly in SEC while TC frequency decreases in the western North Pacific(WNP)during ***,variations in TCP and the corresponding physical mechanism are investigated in this ***,an empirical statistical method is introduced to quantify the TCP amount based on accumulated cyclone energy(ACE)and TC frequency with the TCP anomaly decomposed into three items(rainfall frequency,rainfall intensity,and nonlinear item).ACE,as the integration of TC intensity and frequency,is a more effective index than TC frequency for depicting the characteristics of TCP because the contribution of rainfall frequency represented by ACE is higher than that of TC ***,the physical mechanism affecting the WNP TC activities and TCP in SEC are *** sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)over the tropical eastern Pacific(TEP)in winter can trigger variations of air-sea interaction over the tropical Pacific,including low-level divergent winds,mid-tropospheric descent flows,high-level convergent winds coupled with negative anomalies of vorticity and humidity over the tropical western Pacific(TWP)in the next *** dynamic conditions provide unfavorable environments for TC activities in the WNP and constrain TCP in ***,more significantly negative SSTA events in the TEP facilitate enhanced ACE along with positive relative vorticity,relative humidity,and upwelling vertical winds anomalies over the coast of SEC after 1998,which is a reasonable explanation for the increasing TCP in SEC.

关键词： tropical cyclone precipitation accumulated cyclone energy sea surface temperature anomaly air–sea interaction

Joint Impacts of SSTA in Tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans on Variations of the WPSH

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第4期32卷 548-559页

作者： Daili QIAN Zhaoyong GUAN Weiya TANG Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Meteorological Disasters/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and HadlSST sea surface temperature （SST） data, the joint effects of the tropi-cal Indian Ocean and Pacific on variations of area of the summertime western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） for period 1980-2016 are investigated. It is demonstrated that the central tropical Indian Ocean （CTI） and central equat-orial Pacific （CEP） are two key oceanic regions that affect the summertime WPSH. During autumn and winter, warm SST anomalies （SSTAs） in CEP force the Walker circulation to change anomalously, resulting in divergence anom- alies over the western Pacific and Maritime Continent （MC）. Due to the Gill-type response, the abnormal anticyclo- nic circulation is generated over the western Pacific and South China sea （SCS）. In the subsequent spring, the warm SSTAs in CEP weaken, while the SST over CTI demonstrates a lagged response to Pacific SSTA. The warm CTI-SSTA and CEP-SSTA cooperate with the eastward propagation of cold Kelvin waves in the western Pacific, leading to the eastward shift of the abnormal divergence center that originally locates at the western Pacific and MC. The an-ticyclone forced by this divergence subsequently moves eastward, leading to the intensification of the negative vorti- city there. Meanwhile, warm SSTA in CTI triggers eastward propagating Kelvin waves, which lead to easterly anom- alies over the equatorial Indian Ocean and Indonesia, being favorable for maintenance and intensification of the anti-cyclone over the SCS and western Pacific. The monsoonal meridional-vertical circulation strengthens, which is fa-vorable for the intensification of the WPSH. Using SSTA over the two key oceanic regions as predictors, a multiple regression model is successfully constructed for prediction of WPSH area. These results are useful for our better un-derstanding the variation mechanisms of WPSH and better predicting summer climate in East Asia.

关键词： western Pacific subtropical high sea surface temperature anomaly tropical Pacific tropical IndianOcean boreal summer

A Review of Decadal/Interdecadal Climate Variation Studies in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第3期21卷 425-436页

作者：李崇银何金海朱锦红 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044 Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871ecadal/interdecadal climate variability is an important element in the CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Predictability) and has received much attention in the world. Many studies in relation to interdecadal variation have also been completed by Chinese scientists in recent years. In this paper an introduction in outline for interdecadal climate variation research in China is presented. The content includes the features of interdecadal climate variability in China global warming and interdecadal temperature variability the NAO (the North Atlantic Oscillation)/NPO (the North Pacific Oscillation) and interdecadal climate variation in China the interdecadal variation of the East Asian monsoon the interdecadal mode of SSTA (Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly) in the North Pacific and its climate impact and abrupt change feature of the climate.

Decadal/interdecadal climate variability is an important element in the CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Predictability) and has received much attention in the world. Many studies in relation to interdecadal variation have also been completed by Chinese scientists in recent years. In this paper, an introduction in outline for interdecadal climate variation research in China is presented. The content includes the features of interdecadal climate variability in China, global warming and interdecadal temperature variability, the NAO (the North Atlantic Oscillation)/NPO (the North Pacific Oscillation) and interdecadal climate variation in China, the interdecadal variation of the East Asian monsoon, the interdecadal mode of SSTA (sea surface temperature anomaly) in the North Pacific and its climate impact, and abrupt change feature of the climate.

关键词： decadal/interdecadal climate variation abrupt change east-Asian monsoon sea surface temperature anomaly

Atmospheric Circulation Cells Associated with Anomalous East Asian Winter Monsoon

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第4期28卷 913-926页

作者：曾刚 Wei-Chyung WANG 孙照渤李忠贤 Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Atmospheric Sciences Research Center State University of New York at Albany

Atmospheric circulation cells associated with anomalous East Asian Winter Monsoon （EAWM） were studied using the 1948/49 to 2002/03 NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and NCAR CAM3 AGCM simulations with monthly global sea surface temperatures from 1950 to 2000. Several atmospheric cells in the Pacific [i.e., the zonal Walker cell （ZWC） in the tropic, the Hadley cell in the western Pacific （WPHC）, the midlatitude zonal cell （MZC） over the central North Pacific, and the Hadley cell in the eastern Pacific （EPHC）] are associated with anomalous EAWM. When the EAWM is strong, ZWC, WPHC, and MZC are enhanced, as opposed to EPHC. The anomalous enhanced ZWC is characterized by air parcels rising in the western tropical Pacific, flowing eastward in the upper troposphere, and descending in the tropical central Pacific before returning to the tropical western Pacific. The enhanced MZC has characteristics opposite those of the enhanced ZWC in the central North Pacific. The anomalous WPHC shows air parcels rising in the western Pacific, as in the case of ZWC, followed by flowing northward in the upper troposphere and descending in the west North Pacific, as in the case of the enhanced MZC before returning to the western tropical Pacific. The anomalous EPHC is opposite in properties to the anomalous WPHC. Opposite characteristics are found during the weak EAWM period. The model simulations and the observations show similar characteristics and indicate the important role of sea surface temperature. A possible mechanism is proposed to link interannual variation of EAWM with the central-eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly （SSTA）.

关键词： East Asian winter monsoon zonal Walker cell Hadley cell midlatitude zonal cell sea surface temperature anomaly

The Influence of Two Kinds of El Ni?o Events on the Strong Tropical Cyclone Generation and Strength in the Pacific Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第5期17卷 1011-1018页

作者： WANG Xingchi HAN Shuzong WANG Xin DONG Yujie College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

This paper focuses on the effects of two types of El Nino events on tropical cyclone activity. We classified El Nino events from 1961 to 2015 according to their sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies into an eastern type and a central type. Then we selected strong tropical cyclones to statistically analyze the tropical cyclone characteristics during different events and their effects, as well as to study the possible mechanisms related to thermodynamic and dynamic factors. The tropical cyclone generation areas were found to be very similar during the two kinds of events. The average number of tropical cyclone in the eastern event is more than that in central event, and the hurricane in northeastern Pacific （HNP） has more energy than the typhoon in northwestern Pacific （TNP） in all cases. The seasonal distribution of the TNP high-incidence centers during central El Nifio events is opposite to that of the HNP. The TNP accumulated cyclone energy （ACE） intensity is similar in the fall and summer, and the HNP ACE intensity in the summer is greater than that in the fall. The SSTs are consistent with the TNP and HNP movement trends. The Walker circulation intensity was strongly affected by the eastern events, but it quickly returned to its normal state, while the intensity was slightly reduced in the central events, and it slowly returned to its normal state. The vertical velocity distributions in the Pacific are different at different stages of both events, and the distributions of vertical velocity anomalies for typhoons and hurricanes are consistent.

关键词： El Nino events strong tropical cyclones sea surface temperature anomaly Walker circulation

Numerical Simulation of the 1999 Yangtze River Valley Heavy Rainfall Including Sensitivity Experiments with Different SSTA

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第1期21卷 23-33页

作者：郭裕福王嘉赵彦 LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029

With the IAP/LASG GOALS model, the heavy rainfall of the summer of 1999 in the Yangtze River valley is simulated with observational sea surface temperature (SST). Comparing the simulations of 1999 with the corresponding ones of 1998 and the sensitivity experiments with different sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) at different ocean regions, the relationships between the floods in the Yangtze River valley and the SSTA in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are studied. The results show that the positive SSTA in the tropical Indian Ocean are a major contributor to the heavy rainfall and may be a very important index to predict the heavy rainfall over the Yangtze River valley in the summer. The simulations also show that the relationships between the SSTA in the tropical eastern Pacific and the heavy rainfall in the Yangtze River valley are very complicated, and the heavy rainfall in the Yangtze River valley can occur in both a decaying and an intensifying El Nino event and also in a La Nina event. However, the different SSTA of different periods in the above three cases play different parts.

关键词： Yangtze River valley heavy rainfall sea surface temperature anomaly numerical simulation