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Large-scale industrial manufacturing of carbon nanotubes in a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor via the catalytic chemical vapor deposition process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 280-289页

作者： Sophie L. Pirard Sigrid Douven Jean-Paul Pirard Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering University of Liege B-4000 Liege Belgium

This article reports the different steps of the design, development and validation of a process for continuous production of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） via catalytic chemical vapor deposition from the laboratory scale to the industrial production. This process is based on a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor and very active catalysts using methane or ethylene as carbon source. The importance of modeling taking into account the hydrodynamic, physicochemical and physical phenomena that occur during CNT production in the process analysis is emphasized. The impact of this invention on the environment and human health is taken into consideration too.

关键词： carbon nanotubes catalytic chemical vapor deposition inclined rotating reactor industrial process scaling-up

Experimental and numerical investigations of scale-up effects on the hydrodynamics of slurry bubble columns

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第8期24卷 963-971页

作者： Zhaoqi Li Xiaoping Guan Lijun Wang Youwei Cheng Xi Li Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University

Experiments and simulations were conducted for bubble columns with diameter of 0.2 m(180 mm i.d.), 0.5 m(476 mm i.d.) and 0.8 m(760 mm i.d.) at high superficial gas velocities(0.12–0.62 m·s-1) and high solid concentrations(0–30 vol%). Radial profiles of time-averaged gas holdup, axial liquid velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy were measured by using in-house developed conductivity probes and Pavlov tubes. Effects of column diameter, superficial gas velocity, and solid concentration were investigated in a wide range of operating conditions. Experimental results indicated that the average gas holdup remarkably increases with superficial gas velocity, and the radial profiles of investigated flow properties become steeper at high superficial gas velocities. The axial liquid velocities significantly increase with the growth of the column size, whereas the gas holdup was slightly affected. The presence of solid in bubble columns would inhibit the breakage of bubbles, which results in an increase in bubble rise velocity and a decrease in gas holdup, but time-averaged axial liquid velocities remain almost the same as that of the hollow column. Furthermore, a 2-D axisymmetric k–ε model was used to simulate heterogeneous bubbly flow using commercial code FLUENT 6.2. The lateral lift force and the turbulent diffusion force were introduced for the determination of gas holdup profiles and the effects of solid concentration were considered as the variation of average bubble diameter in the model. Results predicted by the CFD simulation showed good agreement with experimental data.

关键词： Bubble column CFD Hydrodynamics Multiphase flow scaling-up Solid concentration

Inducing human induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation through embryoid bodies:A practical and stable approach

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第1期12卷 25-34页

作者： Ning-Ning Guo Li-Ping Liu Yun-Wen Zheng Yu-Mei Li Institute of Regenerative Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery University of Tsukuba Faculty of MedicineTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Yokohama City University School of Medicine YokohamaKanagawa 234-0006Japan Division of Regenerative Medicine Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineThe Institute of Medical Sciencethe University of TokyoTokyo 108-8639Japan

Human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)are invaluable resources for producing high-quality differentiated cells in unlimited quantities for both basic research and clinical *** are particularly useful for studying human disease mechanisms in vitro by making it possible to circumvent the ethical issues of human embryonic stem cell ***,significant limitations exist when using conventional flat culturing methods especially concerning cell expansion,differentiation efficiency,stability maintenance and multicellular 3D structure establishment,differentiation *** bodies(EBs),the multicellular aggregates spontaneously generated from iPSCs in the suspension system,might help to address these *** to the unique microenvironment and cell communication in EB structure that a 2D culture system cannot achieve,EBs have been widely applied in hiPSC-derived differentiation and show significant advantages especially in scaling up culturing,differentiation efficiency enhancement,ex vivo simulation,and organoid *** can potentially also be used in early prediction of iPSC differentiation *** improve the stability and feasibility of EB-mediated differentiation and generate high quality EBs,critical factors including iPSC pluripotency maintenance,generation of uniform morphology using micro-pattern 3D culture systems,proper cellular density inoculation,and EB size control are discussed on the basis of both published data and our own laboratory ***,the production of a large quantity of homogeneous EBs with high quality is important for the stability and feasibility of many PSCs related studies.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Suspension culture Embryoid body Early prediction Committed differentiation Heterogeneity Three-dimensional culture scaling-up Quality control

Electrochemistry-stimulated environmental bioremediation:Development of applicable modular electrode and system scale-up

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第3期3卷 32-40页

作者： Ai-Jie Wang Hong-Cheng Wang Hao-Yi Cheng Bin Liang Wen-Zong Liu Jing-Long Han Bo Zhang Shu-Sen Wang School of Civil&Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen518055PR China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085PR China

Bioelectrochemical systems(BESs)have been studied extensively during the past decades owing primarily to their versatility and potential in addressing the water-energy-resource *** stark contrast to the significant advancements that have been made in developing innovative processes for pollution control and bioresource/bioenergy recovery,minimal progress has been achieved in demonstrating the feasibility of BESs in scaled-up *** lack of scaled-up demonstration could be ascribed to the absence of suitable electrode modules(EMs)engineered for large-scale *** this study,we report a scalable composite-engineered EM(total volume of 1 m^(3)),fabricated using graphite-coated stainless steel and carbon felt,that allows integrating BESs into mainstream wastewater treatment *** cost-effectiveness and easy scalability of this EM provides a viable and clear path to facilitate the transition between the success of the lab studies and applications of BESs to solve multiple pressing environmental issues at full-scale.

关键词： Environmental bioremediation Bio-electrochemical systems(BESs) Electrode modular scaling-up Intergradation system

GeoAI for detection of solar photovoltaic installations in the Netherlands

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Energy and AI 2021年第4期6卷 41-53页

作者： Bala Bhavya Kausika Diede Nijmeijer Iris Reimerink Peter Brouwer Vera Liem Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development Utrecht UniversityPrincetonlaan 8AUtrecht 3584 CBthe Netherland The Kadaster Koggelaan 59Zwolle 8017 JNthe Netherland

National mapping agencies are responsible for creating and maintaining country wide geospatial datasets that are highly accurate and *** Netherlands’Cadastre,Land Registry and Mapping Agency,in short,the Kadaster,has created a database of information related to solar installations,using *** Learning techniques were employed to detect small and medium-scale solar installations on buildings from very highresolution aerial images for the whole of the *** impact of data pre-processing and postprocessing are addressed and *** process was automatized to deal with enormous data and the method was scaled-up nation-wide with the help of cloud *** order to make this information visible,consistent and usable,we built-upon the existing TernausNet;a convolution neural network(CNN)*** metrics were evaluated after *** algorithm when used in combination with automated or custom post-processing improves the *** precision and recall rates of the model for 3 different regions were evaluated and are on average about 0.93 and 0.92 respectively after implementation of *** of custom post-processing improves the results by removing the false positives by at least 50%.The final results were compared with the existing national PV ***,the results are not only useful for policy makers to assist them to take the necessary steps in achieving the energy transition goals but also serves as a register for infrastructure planning.

关键词： GeoAI Solar installations Deep learning Ternausnet High-resolution scaling-up

可视化编程中Focus+Context算法的改进

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可视化编程中Focus+Context算法的改进

作者：顾军河南大学

学位级别：硕士

与文字相比,图形本身所具有的直观、象形以及高度信息浓缩等特性使得可视化程序设计为编程人员提供了一种比传统的文本程序设计更为直观的人机交互方式。目前存在的可视化系统和正在开发的可视化程序设计工具大多将重点集中在传统的图... 详细信息

与文字相比,图形本身所具有的直观、象形以及高度信息浓缩等特性使得可视化程序设计为编程人员提供了一种比传统的文本程序设计更为直观的人机交互方式。目前存在的可视化系统和正在开发的可视化程序设计工具大多将重点集中在传统的图形布局方案来对整个程序结构进行静态可视化,由于采用了工作流编程模式,包含大量的图形节点序列及其相应的注解是这些可视化编程工具的一个显著特征。正是由于这一特征,在进行可视化程序设计时,由数以百计的二维图形节点和数以千计将它们进行连接的边所组成的程序结构非常常见,而局限于单台计算机屏幕的显示空间,这些繁杂的图形化元素往往会产生严重堵塞,无法对其进行有效的管理和设计。所以,如何解决这一问题已成为可视化编程中新的研究课题。采用Focus+Context算法,在保持可视化程序整体结构的同时提供对局部细节的显示,允许程序员通过对图形节点进行重新定位和缩放来同时显示程序的整体结构和某个具体图形对象的细节信息,即增加了可视化编程的灵活性和交互性,同时又能够缓解由此产生的一系列问题。为了更具体的说明,本文以生物信息可视化编程模型为参考对象,着重对此进行了探讨,主要内容包括以下几个部分:1.对可视化程序设计语言的基础理论进行介绍,并讨论了其在可视化编程中的特点和应用。2.针对目前可视化编程领域中遇到的阻碍和问题,提出并研究基于Focus+Context算法的二维可视化程序设计语言的实验原型模型。3.为了提高可视化编程的灵活性和交互性,详细论述和分析了对Focus+Context算法进行适应性改进的基本思路,以及应用在具体的生物信息可视化编程模型中所需要解决的关键值的计算、多焦点显示、合理布局等问题。通过原型实验和算法分析表明,使用该改进算法的可视化编程模型能够解决传统二维可视化语言设计环境中存在的上述问题。论文最后讨论了针对这一领域未来的研究方向,包括如何对API合理取值、如何使显示效果更加合理和易于理解等问题。

关键词：可视化编程 Focus+Context Small-screen scaling-up

Self-assembled charge transporting materials for efficient and scalable planar perovskite solar cells

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Self-assembled charge transporting materials for efficient a...

第七届新型太阳能电池材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Erpeng Li Linchang Li Yongzhen Wu Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science & Technology

Perovskite solar cells with ultrathin charge transporting layers have the advantages of reduced charge transport distance,optical loss and ***-based self-assembly is a promising strategy to prepare uniform,dense and ultrathin charge transporting *** our studies,we constructed ultrathin electron extraction self-assembly layers(EELs) composed of naphthalimide(NPI) derivatives with modulated energy levels and hole extraction co-assembly layers(HELs) with hole transporting materials(HTM) and hydrophilic ammonium salts to address the de-wetting and scaling-up *** shown in Fig.1 a,a series of naphthalimide derivatives(PN-P,TN-P,NDI-P) have been employed as electron extraction materials via self-assembly.A remarkable enhancement of photovoltaic performance has been realized through modulations to the LUMO energy level of naphthalimide based *** optimal NDI-P based device reaches a PCE of 16%,which is the best result among organic non-fullerene EEL based n-i-p structured *** the second work,we used a new HTM TPA-PT-C6 and a hydrophilic co-adsorbent CA-Br to construct HELs via chemical adsorption-based assembly for p-i-n structured *** introduction of CA-Br can mitigate the non-wetting problem that hampers large-area uniform perovskite deposition and improves mechanical and electronic contact at the perovskite-HEL *** on the co-assembled HEL,a high-power convention efficiency(PCE) of 17.49% is achieved for PSCs with active areas of 1.02 *** demonstrate the potential of scaling-up,we further fabricated a mini-module and achieved a PCE of 12.67% for an aperture area of 36 *** results show that precise molecular structure and film component optimization of CTLs is crucial for the performance improvement and scaling-up of perovskite solar cells.

关键词： charge transporting materials self-assembly monolayer naphthalimide scaling-up

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规模化还是多元化，抑或二者并举？

规模化选择对畜牧业高质量发展的影响及其路径优化

农业经济研究 2021年第10期

作者：李万君胡春红李艳军

本文运用210家玉米种子企业的调查数据，从产出角度界定技术创新能力，实证分析企业规模化和多元化对技术创新能力的直接影响和交互影响，同时考察市场化程度的调节效应。研究发现：①规模化有助于种子企业技术创新产出数量的提升。②... 详细信息

本文运用210家玉米种子企业的调查数据，从产出角度界定技术创新能力，实证分析企业规模化和多元化对技术创新能力的直接影响和交互影响，同时考察市场化程度的调节效应。研究发现：①规模化有助于种子企业技术创新产出数量的提升。②多元化(尤其是相关多元化)有助于种子企业技术创新产出质量的提升。当技术创新产出质量不同时，多元化的效应也存在差异。当技术创新产出质量较高时，相关多元化有助于技术创新产出质量的提升，非相关多元化对技术创新产出质量具有不利影响；当技术创新产出质量居行业中游时，非相关多元化有助于技术创新产出质量的提升。③从高质量发展的角度来看，规模化和多元化在对种子企业技术创新能力的影响中具有协同效应。④市场化程度有助于种子企业通过规模化和多元化提升技术创新能力。研究表明，规模化与多元化并举是种子企业提升技术创新能力的有效路径，但在实施中应考虑企业技术创新能力的差异，同时应充分发挥市场在上述提升效应中的积极作用。

关键词：种子企业规模化多元化技术创新能力市场化程度 seed enterprise scaling-up diversification technological innovation ability marketization degree

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