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Monitoring hawksbill turtle nesting sites in some protected areas from the Persian Gulf

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第12期38卷 43-51页

作者： Majid Askari Hesni Mohsen Rezaie-Atagholipour Somaye Zangiabadi Mohammad Amin Tollab Mostafa Moazeni Hosein Jafari Mohammad Talebi Matin Ghasem Ghorbanzadeh Zafarani Mahtab Shojaei Abbas Motlaghnejad Faculty of Sciences Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman ***Iran Qeshm Environmental Conservation Institute(QECI) Qeshm Island ***Iran Marine Environment Branch Bushehr Department of EnvironmentBushehr ***Iran Marine Environment Branch Iranian Department of EnvironmentTehran 14155-7383Iran Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development(RCESD) Iranian Department of EnvironmentTehran 141551156Iran

Iranian nesting populations of the critically endangered hawksbill turtle(Eretmochelys imbricate) are some of the most important in the Indian Ocean. In this study, four of the most important hawksbill nesting grounds in the Persian Gulf, situated within three Iranian marine protected areas, were surveyed during nesting season,including Nakhiloo, Ommolgorm and Kharko Islands and the mainland beaches of the Naiband Marine-Coastal National Park(NMCNP). We present GIS maps of these key nesting grounds and describe sand texture of key nesting zones, along with conservation recommendations. About 9.2(28.3%) out of 32.5 km of all shores surveyed in this study were used by nesting hawksbill turtles follows: Nakhiloo: 1.4 km(52% of potential nesting area);Ommolgorm: 1.94 km(40%);Kharko: 3.4 km(28%), and NMCNP: 2.46 km(18.9%). The average nesting density was calculated as 131 nests/km at Nakhiloo, 76 nests/km at Ommolgorm, 7 nests/km at Kharko, and 15 nests per km at NMCNP. Highest nesting density was observed in Nakhiloo and Ommolgorm. It is thought that high hawksbill nesting density in these islands seems likely a result of limiting adequate nesting shores rather than the size of population, and also low density in Kharko and NMCNP more related to past and current pressures and low population density. With the exception of Ommolgorm Island, sands at the nesting grounds were well *** size indicated that female hawksbill turtles in the Iranian Persian Gulf nest in sands that are generally mixed, with mean grain size ranging from coarse sands(0.4Φ;~0.5–1 mm) to fine sands(2Φ;~0.25 mm). We provide and discuss conservation recommendations and suggestions for future.

关键词： marine protected areas marine turtles nesting sand texture GIS maps

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