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The appearance of cytoplasmic cytochrome C precedes apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation

Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 157-172页

作者： Shihui Long Wenxin Cao Yongyu Qiu Ruohan Deng Jiali Liu Lidan Zhang Renke Dong Fengxin Liu Sheng Li Haigang Zhao Na Li Kang Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Institute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangmeiyuan R&D Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologySouth China Normal UniversityMeizhouGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina ChemPartner PharmaTech Co. LtdJiangmenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Apoptosis is an important process for organism development that functions to eliminate cell damage,maintain homeostasis,and remove obsolete tissues during morphogenesis.In mammals,apoptosis is accompanied by the release of cytochrome C(Cyt-c)from mitochondria to the cytoplasm.However,whether this process is conserved in the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster,remains controversial.In this study,we discovered that during the degradation of Drosophila salivary gland,the transcription of mitochondria apoptosis factors(MAPFs),Cyt-c,and death-associated APAF1-related killer(Dark)encoding genes are all upregulated antecedent to initiator and effector caspases encoding genes.The proteins Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 appear gradually in the cytoplasm during salivary gland degradation.Meanwhile,the Cyt-c protein colocates with mito-GFP,the marker indicating cytoplasmic mitochondria,and the change in mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the appearance of Cyt-c in the cytoplasm.Moreover,impeding or promoting 20E-induced transcription factor E93 suppresses or enhances the staining of Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 in the cytoplasm of salivary gland,and accordingly decreases or increases the mitochondrial membrane potential,respectively.Our research provides evidence that cytoplasmic Cyt-c appears before apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation,shedding light on partial conserved mechanism in apoptosis between insects and mammals.

关键词： active caspase 3 apoptosis Cyt-c Drosophila salivary gland

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E93 promotes transcription of RHG genes to initiate apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland metamorphosis

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 588-598页

作者： Jiahui Zhang Wenhao Zhang Lin Wei Lidan Zhang Jiali Liu Shumin Huang Sheng Li Weike Yang Kang Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Institute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China College of Biological and Food Engineering Huaihua UniversityHuaihua418000China The Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesMengziYunnan661100China Guangmeiyuan R&D Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologySouth China Normal UniversityMeizhou514779China

20-hydroxyecdysone(20E)induced transcription factor E93 is important for larval–adult transition,which functions in programmed cell death of larval obsolete tissues,and the formation of adult new tissues.However,the apoptosis-related genes directly regulated by E93 are still ambiguous.In this study,an E93 mutation fly strain was obtained by clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-mediated long exon deletion to investigate whether and how E93 induces apoptosis during larval tissues metamorphosis.The transcriptional profile of E93 was consistent with 3 RHG(rpr,hid,and grim)genes and the effector caspase gene drice,and all their expressions peaked at the initiation of apoptosis during the degradation of salivary glands.The transcription expression of 3 RHG genes decreased and apoptosis was blocked in E93 mutation salivary gland during metamorphosis.In contrast,E93 overexpression promoted the transcription of 3 RHG genes,and induced advanced apoptosis in the salivary gland.Moreover,E93 not only enhance the promoter activities of the 3 RHG genes in Drosophila Kc cells in vitro,but also in the salivary gland in vivo.Our results demonstrated that 20E induced E93 promotes the transcription of RHG genes to trigger apoptosis during obsolete tissues degradation at metamorphosis in Drosophila.

关键词： apoptosis Drosophila E93 RHG genes salivary gland transcription

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Magnetic bioassembly platforms towards the generation of extracellular vesicles from human salivary gland functional organoids for epithelial repair

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第12期7卷 151-163页

作者： Ajjima Chansaenroj Christabella Adine Sawanya Charoenlappanit Sittiruk Roytrakul Ladawan Sariya Thanaphum Osathanon Sasitorn Rungarunlert Ganokon Urkasemsin Risa Chaisuparat Supansa Yodmuang Glauco R.Souza Joao N.Ferreira Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit Faculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Faculty of Dentistry National University of Singapore119077SingaporeSingapore Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNational University of Singapore119077SingaporeSingapore Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group National Center for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNational Science and Technology Development AgencyPathum Thani12120Thailand The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals Faculty of Veterinary ScienceMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom73170Thailand Department of Anatomy Faculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Department of Preclinical and Applied Animal Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom73170Thailand Research Affairs Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston HoustonTX77030USA Nano3D Biosciences Inc. HoustonTX77030USA Greiner Bio-One North America Inc MonroeNC28110USA

salivary glands(SG)are exocrine organs with secretory units commonly injured by radiotherapy.Bio-engineered organoids and extracellular vesicles(EV)are currently under investigation as potential strategies for SG repair.Herein,three-dimensional(3D)cultures of SG functional organoids(SGo)and human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSC)were generated by magnetic 3D bioassembly(M3DB)platforms.Fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10)was used to enrich the SGo in secretory epithelial units.After 11 culture days via M3DB,SGo displayed SG-specific acinar epithelial units with functional properties upon neurostimulation.To consistently develop 3D hDPSC in vitro,3 culture days were sufficient to maintain hDPSC undifferentiated genotype and phenotype for EV generation.EV isolation was performed via sequential centrifugation of the conditioned media of hDPSC and SGo cultures.EV were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis,electron microscopy and immunoblotting.EV were in the exosome range for hDPSC(diameter:88.03±15.60 nm)and for SGo(123.15±63.06 nm).Upon ex vivo administration,exosomes derived from SGo significantly stimulated epithelial growth(up to 60%),mitosis,epithelial progenitors and neuronal growth in injured SG;however,such biological effects were less distinctive with the ones derived from hDPSC.Next,these exosome biological effects were investigated by proteomic arrays.Mass spectrometry profiling of SGo exosomes predicted that cellular growth,development and signaling was due to known and undocumented molecular targets downstream of FGF10.Semaphorins were identified as one of the novel targets requiring further investigations.Thus,M3DB platforms can generate exosomes with potential to ameliorate SG epithelial damage.

关键词： salivary gland Hyposalivation Human dental pulp stem cells Magnetic bioassembly Organoids Exosome

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salivary gland Branching Morphogenesis——Recent Progress and Future Opportunities

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International Journal of Oral Science 2010年第3期2卷 117-126页

作者： Jeff Chi-feng Hsu Kenneth M.Yamada Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of Health

salivary glands provide saliva to maintain oral health, and a loss of salivary gland function substantially decreases quality-of-life. Understanding the biological mechanisms that generate salivary glands during embryonic development may identify novel ways to regenerate function or design artificial salivary glands. This review article summarizes current research on the process of branchingmorphogenesis of salivary glands, which creates gland structure during development. We highlight exciting new advances and opportunities in studies of cell-cell interactions, mechanical forces, growth factors, and gene expression patterns to improve our understanding of this important process.

关键词： salivary gland epithelium branching morpho-genesis fibronectin E-cadherin growth factor

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Australian sugarcane soldier fly’s salivary gland transcriptome in response to starvation and feeding on sugarcane crops

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 708-720页

作者： Kayvan Etebari Karel R.Lindsay Andrew L.Ward Michael J.Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia Te KowaiQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia IndooroopillyQLDAustralia

The soldier fly is an endemic pest of sugarcane in Australia.Small numbers of larvae can cause significant damage to roots and reduce the crop yields.Little is known about the composition and function of the soldier fly salivary gland,its secretions,and their roles in insect—plant interactions.In this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of starved and sugarcane root-fed soldier fly larvae.A total of 31119 highly expressed assembled contigs were identified in the salivary glands and almost 50%of them showed high levels of similarity to known proteins in Nr databases.Of all the obtained contigs,only 9727 sequences contain an open reading frame of over 100 amino acids.Around 31%of contigs were predicted to encode secretory proteins,including some digestive and detoxifying enzymes and potential effectors.Some known salivary secreted peptides such as serine protease,cysteine proteinase inhibitors,antimicrobial peptides and venom proteins were among the top 100 highly expressed genes.Differential gene expression analysis revealed significant modulation of 850 transcripts in salivary glands upon exposure to plant roots or starvation stress.Here,we identified some venom proteins which were significantly upregulated in the salivary glands of soldier fly larvae exposed to sugarcane roots.In other insects and nematodes some of these proteins have been used to manipulate host plant defense systems and facilitate the invasion of the host plant.These findings provide a further insight into the identification of potential effector proteins involved in soldier fly-sugarcane interactions.

关键词： Inopus salivary gland soldier fly sugarcane pest transcriptome

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Localization and potential function of androgen receptor in rat salivary gland

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第3期7卷 295-301,页

作者： Hong-Jun Li Bing Yao Wei Liang Yong-Mei Wang Qi-Lu Xu Yu-Feng Huang Department of Reproduction Nanjing Jinling Hospital Clinical School of Medical College Nanjing University Nanjing 210002 China Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine of No. 454 Hospital Nanjing 210002 China Nan-Kong Hospital Nanjing 210002 China jiangsu Family Planning Research Institute Nanjing 210008 China

Aim： To investigate the localization and quantity of androgen receptor （AR） in the salivary glands of rats with further analysis on the effect of castration. Methods： Sixty male Wistar rats, aged 30-60 days, were randomly divided into three groups （castrated, sham-operated and normal controls） with 20 rats in each group. The rats in the castrated group were castrated and the submaxillary glands were removed after 1 week. The salivary glands of the rats in the sham-operated and the normal control groups were also removed. Parts of the salivary glands were fixed for immuohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assays. Other parts were used for Western blot. Results： AR immunoreactivity in the three groups was localized in the glandular epithelial cells of the serous acinus and the glandular duct of the salivary gland, mainly in the nuclei. AR mRNA hybridization signals in the salivary glands of the castrated group were mainly distributed in the epithelial cells of the convoluted and secretary ducts; AR mRNA in the sham-operated and the normal control groups were found in the epithelial cells of the convoluted, the secretary and the excretory ducts. The quantity of AR in the salivary glands was decreased significantly in the castrated rats compared with the sham-operated and the normal controls. Moreover, epidermal growth factor （EGF） secreted by the salivary glands was also decreased in the castrated rats. Conclusion： Castration appears to affect the production of AR in the salivary gland and the distribution of the AR mRNA and could further affect the function of the salivary gland. The changes of AR and the distribution of AR mRNA may play an important role in the interactions between the testes and the salivary gland. （Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7： 295-301）

关键词： androgen receptor immunohistochemistry in situ hybridization Western blot salivary gland

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Identification and characterization of a novel neuropeptide(neuropeptide Y-HS) from leech salivary gland of Haemadipsa sylvestris

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第9期14卷 677-682页

作者： LIU Wei-Hui CHEN Yan BAI Xue-Wei YAO Hui-Min ZHANG Xu-Guang YAN Xiu-Wen LAI Ren Life Sciences College Nanjing Agricultural University Major Cardiovascular Surgery Kunming Yanan Hospital

The present study was designed to identify immunomodulatory components from the leech salivary gland of Haemadipsa sylvestris. The Sephadex G-50, ResourceTM S column chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) were used to isolate and purify the salivary gland extracts(SGE). Structural analysis of isolated compounds was based on Edman degradation and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer(MALDI-TOF-MS). The c DNA encoding the precursor of the compound was cloned from the c DNA library of the salivary gland of H. sylvestris. The levels of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interferon ?(IFN-?), interleukin-6(IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1) were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The effects on cell proliferation and cell viability were observed using MTT assay. A novel neuropeptide Y(Neuropeptide Y-HS) from the leech salivary gland of H. sylvestris was purified and characterized. It was composed of 36 amino acid residues and the amino acid sequence was determined to be FLEPPERPAVFTSVEQMKSYIKALNDYYLLLGRPRF-NH2, containing an amidated C-terminus. It showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-?, IFN-?, IL-6, and MCP-1. Neuropeptide Y was identified from leeches for the first time. The presence of neuropeptide Y-HS in leech salivary gland may help get blood meal from hosts and inhibit inflammation.

关键词： Leech Haemadipsa sylvestris salivary gland Neuropeptide Y Anti-inflammation

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Relevance on the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第13期8卷 2717-2726页

作者： Xin-Yue Zhang Zhi-Ming Wang Department of Stomatology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

Malignant lymphoma originates from the lymphohematopoietic system.It can occur in any lymphoid tissue.Malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland is rare,but its incidence has increased in recent years.Its clinical-presentations are nonspecific,and it is often manifested as a painless mass in a salivary gland,which can be accompanied by multiple swollen cervical lymph nodes.Confirmation of the diagnosis before an invasive procedure is difficult.Clinically,malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland tends to be misdiagnosed,leading to an inappropriate treatment plan and the ultimate delay in the optimal treatment of the disease.This article reviews the pathogenesis,clinical features,imaging findings,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland.

关键词： salivary gland Malignant lymphoma Pathogenic factors Clinical features Diagnosis Treatment

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Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the submandibular salivary gland: a case report

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第15期119卷 1315-1317页

作者： SUN Xiao-nan XU Jing YANG Qi-chu HU Jian-bin WANG Qi Department of Radiation Oncology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Medical College of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016 China

Carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon disease, accounting for less than 1% of all head and neck malignant neoplasm.1 Lymphoepthelioma is a malignant tumor of epithelial origin showing varying amounts of reactive lymphocytic infiltrate. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma （LELC） constitutes a significant proportion of salivary gland carcinoma in Chinese and Eskimo populations and is related to Epstein-Barr virus infection. Carcinoma of the salivary gland has a propensity for early lymphatic metastasis, and thus a swelling of cervical lymph nodes is occasionally the sole initial symptom. It is very vital to consider a multimodality approach including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the treatment in the locally advanced disease.

关键词： lymphoepithelioma-fike carcinoma salivary gland chemotherapy radiotherapy

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Hyperglycemia Induced Apoptosis Changes in salivary gland Cells of Mice

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第3期9卷 143-157页

作者： Bo Hyun Jung Departments of Anatomy and Research Institute of Oral Science Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry Gangneung Korea

If the function of salivary glands that secrete saliva is degraded, saliva secretion will decrease and symptoms of xerostomia will appear. Although symptoms of xerostomia are often felt by patients with diabetes, the relationship between diabetes and xerostomia is currently unclear. In relation to DM, there are studies on salivation flow and saliva composition, but there are not studies of apoptosis of salivary gland cells. The objective of this study was to investigate whether apoptosis in salivary glands of mice with hyperglycemic, a symptom of diabetes, might be altered based on immunohistochemical analysis. This study used mice with hyperglycemia. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses were performed using Fas, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 antibodies. These antibodies are used not only as death receptors, but also are antibodies that activate upstream and downstream signals of apoptosis. TUNEL assay was performed to detect apoptosis by immunofluorescence using TdT enzyme. It was observed that the expression level of apoptosis signaling molecules and TUNEL positive cells were increased in hyperglycemia group (HG). As a result, there are many apoptosis cells in the HG groups of the salivary gland. The results of this study, the function of salivary gland could occur deteriorated due to apoptosis on salivary gland cells by hyperglycemic, a characteristic of diabetes.

关键词： salivary gland Hyperglycemic Apoptosis Hyposalivation Diabetes

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