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Relationship between Scattered Photon Counts and Concentrations of Some saline solutions in Compton Scattering

Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2007年第2期25卷 164-167页

作者：罗光周上祺韩忠陈双扣 College of Material Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China College of Physics and Information Technology Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 China College of Mathematics and Science Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China College of Bio-Chemical Engineering Chongqing Science and Technology Chongqing 400017 China

Compton scattering saline solution was researched. Firstly according to the Compton scattering theory the linear relationship between the concentration and the scattered photon counts was obtained. And then it was proved by Compton scattering experiments for some solutions. According to those experiments, it was found that the slope was decreased when the atomic number of the cation was increased for alkali metal chloride solutions and alkaline-earth metal chloride solutions. Based on those relationships, a new method was promoted with which to measure the concentration of saline solution untouched the measured solution.

关键词： Compton scattering saline solution concentration

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Fretting corrosion of surgical 316L stainless steel in saline solutions

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1997年第3期11卷 18-21页

作者： BAI Zhijun WU Yinshun ZHANG Tiancheng LIU Qiang (Material Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

A new simulation system for the laboratory investigation of fretting wear is developed. It consist of a mechanism device, a electrochemical cell and a datum acqulsition and process software. Fretting of surgical 316L stainlesssteel in saline is studied. The results show that electrochemical corrosion is enhanced by fretting and anodic currentdensity under fretting is 100 times than static condition. Fretting corrosion is a mechanic -elec trochemical al Process.

关键词： fretting system 316L sninless steel saline solution

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Evolution and Characterization of Damage of Concrete under Freeze-thaw Cycles

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2013年第4期28卷 710-714页

作者：王玲 CAO Yin WANG Zhendi DU Peng State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials China Building Materials Academy

To study the internal damage of concrete under freeze-thaw cycles, concrete strains were measured using embedded strain gauges. Residual strain and coefficients of freezing expansion （CFE） derived from strain-temperature curves were used to quantify the damage degree. The experimental results show that irreversible residual strain increases with the number of freeze-thaw cycles. After 50 cycles, residual strains of C20 and C35 concretes are 320με and 100με in water, and 120με and 60 με in saline solution, respectively. In lower temperature range （- 10 ℃ to - 25 ℃） CFE of C20 and C35 concretes decrease by 9.82 × 10-6/K and 8.44×10-6/K in water, and 9.38×10-6/K and 5.47×10-6/K in saline solution, respectively. Both residual strains and CFEs indicate that during the first 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the internal damage of concrete in saline solution is less than that of concrete in water. Thus residual strain and CFE can be used to measure the frost damage of concrete.

关键词： freeze-thaw cycles saline solution strain residual strain coefficients of freezing expansion

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Real-World Safety and Performance of saline Nasal Spray Products for Nasal Cleansing and Reducing Obstruction of the Nasal Cavity

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 65-79页

作者： Mathieu M. Albasser Gary Smith Mariane Ballerini Fernandes Nisha Patel Petr Novak Martina Hagen GSK Consumer Healthcare SARL a Haleon company Nyon Switzerland Haleon Weybridge Surrey UK GSK Kingston upon Thames London UK Haleon Prague Czech Republic

Background and Objectives: Three post-marketing clinical follow-up studies were performed in Europe to confirm the safety and performance of four nonprescription, nasal cleansing medical devices: Otrivin Sea Water (OSW) pressurized spray, OSW with aloe vera (OSWAV), Otrisal 0.74% NaCl Metered-Dose Spray (MDS), and Prorhinel spray. Material and Methods: Observational, single-arm, retrospective studies consisting of a single online questionnaire were performed between July 2021 and December 2021. Eligible participants were adults who used the device or supervised use of the device in a participant under 18 years of age within 6 months of completing the questionnaire. Demographics, safety, and device performance were assessed. Results: Based on questionnaires submitted on OSW (n = 556), OSWAV (n = 555), Otrisal MDS (n = 555), and Prorhinel (n = 555), proportions of users who reported safety events were 1.8% for OSW, 2.3% for OSWAV, 1.4% for Otrisal MDS, and 2.0% for Prorhinel. Proportions of users who indicated they were satisfied or very satisfied with device performance ranged from 72.0% - 89.0% across all devices. Device performance for all products was also supported for additional preventative and symptomatic uses through exploratory analyses. Conclusions and Significance: These data confirm device safety and performance of OSW, OSWAV, Otrisal MDS, and Prorhinel for their intended uses.

关键词： saline solution Sodium Chloride Common Cold Allergens Postmarketing Product Surveillance

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