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Thermal and saline tolerance of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under controlled in-situ aquarium conditions

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第3期37卷 1080-1089页

作者： ZHU Guoping LIU Zijun YANG Yang WANG Zhen YANG Wenjie XU Liuxiong College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Center for Polar Research Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai 201306China Polar Marine Ecosystem Group Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries ResourcesMinistry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

As a key species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem,the thermal and saline tolerances of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superb a Dana)are relatively unknown because of the challenging environment and complicated situations needed for observation have inhibited in-situ experiments in the ***,the thermal and saline tolerance of krill were examined under in-situ aquarium conditions with different controlled *** to the experiments,the critical lethal times of krill were 24h,2h and 0.5h under 9℃,12℃,and 15℃,respectively,and the estimated 50%lethal times were about 17.1 h and 1.7 h under 12℃and 15℃,***,the critical lethal times(the estimated 50%lethal times)of krill were approximately 14h and 0.5h(about 22.9 h and 1.7 h)of salinity under 19.7 and 15.9,*** observed critical and 50%lethal times of krill were 0.5 h and approximately 1.4 h,respectively,salinity under *** critical and 50%lethal temperatures of krill were 13℃and approximately 14.2℃,***,the critical and 50%lethal salinity was 19.6 and approximately 17.5 for the lower saline(below normal oceanic salinity[34.4])environment and 50.3 and approximately 53.2 for the higher saline(above 34.4)environment,*** upper thermal and saline preferences of krill can be considered 6℃and 26.8 to 41.2,*** results can provide potential scenarios for predicting the possible fate of this key species in the Southern Ocean.

关键词： Euphausia superba thermal tolerance saline tolerance thermal preference in-situ aquarium experiment

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saline conducted electric coagulation (SCEC):original experience in experimental hepatectomy

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第3期13卷 186-191页

作者： Guo-ping DING Li-ping CAO Da-ren LIU Ri-sheng QUE Department of General Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310009 China

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and superiority of a new coagulating and hemostatic method named "saline conducted electric coagulation (SCEC)". Methods: The Peng's multifunction operative dissector (PMOD) was modified to enable saline to effuse persistently out of its nib at a constant speed. In a group of six New Zealand rabbits, two hepatic lobes of each rabbits were resected respectively by SCEC and conventional electric coagulation (EC). The features of SCEC were recorded by photo and compared with conventional EC. After 7 d, the coagulating depth was measured in each residual hepatic lobe. Hepatic tissue was dyed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and studied under a microscope. Results: The coagulating depth increased with the continuation of SCEC time. Hepatectomies were performed successfully, no rabbit died in the perioperative period. The incisal surface of SCEC was gray-white with no red bleeding point. There was a thick solidified layer at the margin and a thin red-white intermittent layer between the solidified layer and normal hepatic tissue at the vertical section of SCEC. The mean coagulating depth of SCEC was 1.8 cm vs. 0.3 cm of conventional EC. Pathological examination showed a mild inflammatory reaction by SCEC. Conclusions: SCEC is a feasible and safe method for surgical hemostasis. As a new technique for liver resection, SCEC shows better coagulating effect and milder inflammatory reaction than conventional EC. Our study shows bloodless liver resection can also be performed by SCEC, especially for liver malignant tumor.

关键词： saline Electric coagulation Hepatectomy Hemostasis Bloodless liver resection

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Slime coating of kaolinite on chalcopyrite in saline water flotation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第5期25卷 481-488页

作者： Zhi-li Li Feng Rao Shao-xian Song Yan-mei Li Wen-biao Liu CONACYT Instituto de Investigación en Metalurgiay Materiales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Departamento de Ingeniería en Minas Metalurgia y GeologíaUniversidad de Guanajuato Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology

In saline water flotation, the salinity can cause a distinguishable slime coating of clay minerals on chalcopyrite particles through its effect on their electrical double layers in aqueous solutions. In this work, kaolinite was used as a representative clay mineral for studying slime coating during chalcopyrite flotation. The flotation of chalcopyrite in the presence and absence of kaolinite in tap water, seawater, and gypsum-saturated water and the stability of chalcopyrite and kaolinite particles in slurries are presented. Zeta-potential distributions and scanning electron microscopy images were used to characterize and explain the different slime coating degrees and the different flotation performances. Kaolinite particles induced slime coating on chalcopyrite surfaces and reduced chalcopyrite floatability to the greatest extent when the p H value was in the alkaline range. At 0.24 wt% of kaolinite, the chalcopyrite floatability was depressed by more than 10% at alkaline p H levels in tap water. Salinity in seawater and gypsum-saturated water compressed the electrical double layers and resulted in extensive slime coating.

关键词： chalcopyrite clay minerals saline water flotation slime coating stability

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Vertical response of microbial community and degrading genes to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in saline alkaline soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第7期31卷 80-92页

作者： Qinglong Liu Jingchun Tang Xiaomei Liu Benru Song Meinan Zhen Nicholas J.Ashbolt College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation School of Public Health University of Alberta

A column microcosm was conducted by amending crude oil into Dagang Oilfield soil to simulate the bioremediation process. The dynamic change of microbial communities and metabolic genes in vertical depth soil from 0 to 80 cm were characterized to evaluate the petroleum degradation potential of indigenous microorganism. The influence of environmental variables on the microbial responds to petroleum contamination were analyzed. Degradation extent of 42.45% of n-alkanes(C8–C40) and 34.61% of 16ΣPAH were reached after 22 weeks. Relative abundance of alkB, nah, and phe gene showed about 10-fold increment in different depth of soil layers. Result of HTS profiles demonstrated that Pseudomonas, Marinobacter and Lactococcus were the major petroleum-degrading bacteria in0–30 and 30–60 cm depth of soils. Fusarium and Aspergillus were the dominant oil-degrading fungi in the 0–60 cm depth of soils. In 60–80 cm deep soil, anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, Lactococcus, and Alcanivorax played important roles in petroleum *** analysis(RDA) and correlation analysis demonstrated that petroleum hydrocarbons(PHs) as well as soil salinity, clay content, and anaerobic conditions were the dominant effect factors on microbial community compositions in 0–30, 30–60, and 60–80 cm depth of soils, respectively.

关键词： Column microcosm Molecular analyses Petroleum hydrocarbons Microbial community Catabolic genes saline alkaline soil

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Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第5期13卷 39-49页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhang Masashi Kuroda Shunsuke Arai Fumitaka Kato Daisuke Inoue Michihiko Ike Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal Corporation 20-1 ShintomiFuttsuChiba 293-8511Japan

Selenium (Se)-containing industrial wastewater is often coupled with notable salinity. However, limited studies have examined biological treatment of Se-containing wastewater under high salinity conditions. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge was applied to treat selenate in synthetic saline wastewater (3% w/v NaCl) supplemented with lactate as the carbon source. Start-up of the SBR was performed with addition of 1–5 mM of selenate under oxygen-limiting conditions, which succeeded in removing more than 99% of the soluble Se. Then, the treatment of 1 mM Se with cycle duration of 3 days was carried out under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions by adding aeration period after oxygen-limiting period. Although the SBR maintained soluble Se removal of above 97%, considerable amount of solid Se remained in the effluent as suspended solids and total Se removal fluctuated between about 40 and 80%. Surprisingly, the mass balance calculation found a considerable decrease of Se accumulated in the SBR when the aeration period was prolonged to 7 h, indicating very efficient Se biovolatilization. Furthermore, microbial community analysis suggested that various Se-reducing bacteria coordinately contributed to the removal of Se in the SBR and main contributors varied depending on the operational conditions. This study will offer implications for practical biological treatment of selenium in saline wastewater.

关键词： Activated sludge Selenate reduction saline wastewater Sequencing batch reactor Alternating anoxic/oxic conditions Selenium biovolatilization

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Effect of Friedel's salt on strength enhancement of stabilized chloride saline soil

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第4期24卷 937-946页

作者： CHENG Yin LI Zhan-guo HUANG Xin BAI Xiao-hong School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology

In the field of soil stabilization, only calcium silicate hydrate(CSH) and ettringite(AFt) as hydration products have been reported to directly contribute to the strength enhancement of the soil. A chloride dredger fill, an artificial chloride saline soil, and a non-saline soil were stabilized by Portland cement(PC) and PC with Ca(OH)_2(CH) with different contents. A series of unconfined compressive strength(UCS) tests of stabilized soil specimen after curing for 7 d and 28 d were carried out, and the hydration products and microstructure of the specimens were observed by X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA). The results showed that the strengths of PC+CH-stabilized chloride saline soils were much higher than those of PC-stabilized soils. A new hydration product of calcium aluminate chloride hydrate, also known as Friedel's salt, appeared in the PC+CH-stabilized chloride saline soils. The solid-phase volume of Friedel's salt expanded during the formation of the hydrate; this volume filled the pores in the stabilized soil. This pore-filling effect was the most important contribution to the significantly enhanced strength of the PC+CH-stabilized chloride saline soils. On the basis of this understanding, a new optimized stabilizer was designed according to the concept that the chloride in saline soil could be utilized as a component of the stabilizer. The strength of the chloride saline soils stabilized by the optimized stabilizer was even further increased compared with that of the PC+CH-stabilized soils.

关键词： chloride saline soil stabilized soil Friedel’s salt strength enhancement effect

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An unusual isotopic fractionation of boron in synthetic calcium carbonate precipitated from seawater and saline water

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Science China Chemistry 2006年第5期49卷 454-465页

作者： XIAO Yingkai1,2,LI Shizhen1,WEI Haizhen1,SUN Aide1,ZHOU Weijian2 & LIU Weiguo2 1. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710075,China 1. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China

Inorganic calcium carbonate precipitation from natural seawater and salinewater at various pH values was carried out experimentally. The results show the clear positiverelationships between boron concentration and δ^(11)B of inorganic calcium carbonate with the pH ofnatural seawater and saline water. However, the variations of boron isotopic fractionation betweeninorganic calcite and seawater/saline water with pH are inconsistent with the hypothesis thatB(OH)_4^- is the dominant species incorporated into the biogenic calcite structure. The isotopicfractionation factors a between synthetic calcium carbonate precipitate and parent solutionsincrease systematically as pH increases, from 0.9884 at pH 7.60 to 1.0072 at pH 8.60 for seawaterand from 0.9826 at pH 7.60 to 1.0178 at pH 8.75 for saline water. An unusual boron isotopicfractionation factor of larger than 1 in synthetic calcium carbonate precipitated fromseawater/saline water at higher pH is observed, which implies that a substantial amount of theisotopically heavier B(OH)_3 species must be incorporated preferentially into synthetic inorganiccarbonate. The results propose that the incorporation of B(OH)_3 is attributed to the formation ofMg(OH)_2 at higher pH of calcifying microenvironment during the synthetic calcium carbonateprecipitation. The preliminary experiment of Mg(OH)_2 precipitated from artificial seawater showsthat heavier ^(11)B is enriched in Mg(OH)_2 precipitation, which suggests that isotopically heavierB(OH)_3 species incorporated preferentially into Mg(OH)_2 precipitation. This result cannot beapplied to explain the boron isotopic fractionation of marine bio-carbonate because of thepossibility that the unusual environment in this study appears in formation of marine bio-carbonateis infinitesimal. We, however, must pay more attention to this phenomenon observed in this study,which accidentally appears in especially natural environment.

关键词： boron, isotopic fractionation, calcium carbonate precipitate, seawater, saline water.

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The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Rosa acicularis ’Luhe’ in saline areas

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1507-1512页

作者： Yanrong Zu Yuan Ping Liqiang Mu Tiantian Yang College of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China College of Life Sciences Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080People's Republic of China SFA Detecting Center of Wildlife Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in the soil encompass a diversity of species and play an important role in maintaining ecosystem ***,little research has focused on the AMF diversity of Rosa acicularis Lindl.’Luhe’,which has been cultivated in northeastern saline areas,because of its strong salt tolerance and cold *** the present study the AMF in the rhizosphere of *** Luhe were identified and AMF diversity and community composition were assessed using morphological and molecular ***,hyphae,and arbuscular structures were observed in seedlings of different *** shows that AMF established a good symbiotic relationship with *** *** colonization rate and spore density tended to increase over *** AMF diversity in the rhizosphere of *** Luhe was low and four species of AMF were validated:Rhizophagus irregularis,Glomus aggregatum,Septoglomus furcatum,and Funneliformis *** these,*** and *** were dominant and have high salt *** the AMF diversity in the rhizosphere of *** Luhe will aid in screening AMF species with strong resistance and using mycorrhizas for plant establishment in breeding programs.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Rosa acicularis’Luhe’ saline soil

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How can saline and hypersaline lakes contribute to aquaculture development?A review

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2002-2009页

作者： Elena V.ANUFRIIEVA The A.O.Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS 2 Nakhimovav.Sevastopol 299011Russia

A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutrophication of freshwater bodies. The increase in freshwater aquaculture impacts on the increasing demand for fresh water. A way to overcome this is to develop aquaculture in saline lakes. This article discusses how saline and hypersaline lakes may contribute to overcome this problem and gives a list of fish and shrimp species that can be cultivated in saline lakes. Successful development of aquaculture depends on a healthy cultured stock of commercial fish and shrimps. A sustainable healthy stock of fish and shrimps can be only maintained using live food for the cultured fish larvae, fry and fingerlings. As well as Artemia spp. there are many other crustacean species with the potential for growing in hypersaline waters. At least 26 copepod species around the world can live at a salinity above 100 g/L with 12 species at a salinity higher than 200 g/L, and these all have excellent nutritional value. There is a high potential to use eukaryotic organisms of diff erent taxa in saline/hypersaline aquaculture for food, agri-aquaculture, diff erent industries and as food supplements.

关键词： aquaculture saline lakes shrimps fish Copepoda

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Influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline sand in the Qarhan Desert, Qaidam Basin of China: A wind tunnel experiment

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第5期11卷 674-684页

作者： LI Chao DONG Zhibao YIN Shuyan CHEN Guoxiang YANG Junhuai College of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal University

Determination of the threshold shear velocity is essential for predicting sand transport,dust release and *** this study,a wind tunnel experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline *** sand samples(mean particle size of 164.50–186.08μm and the total silt,clay and salt content of 0.80%–8.25%)were collected from three saline sand dunes(one barchan dune and two linear dunes)in the Qarhan Desert,Qaidam Basin of *** saline sand samples were placed in two experimental trays for wet and dry processing to simulate deliquescence and desiccation,*** moisture content ranging from 0.30% to 1.90% was generated by the steam method so that the saline sand can absorb water in a saturated water vapor *** motion of sand particles was determined by the observers with a solid *** laser sheet(0.80 cm thick),which was emitted by the solid laser,horizontally covered the sand surface and was bound to the *** show that the cohesion of saline sand results from a combination of salt and *** threshold shear velocity increases exponentially with the increase in crust thickness for the linear sand *** is a positive linear correlation between the original moisture content and relative threshold shear *** threshold shear velocity of dewatered sand is greater than that of wet sand with the same original moisture *** results will provide valuable information about the sand transport of highly saline soil in the desert.

关键词： threshold shear velocity saline sand barchan dune linear dune crust thickness moisture content Qaidam Basin

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