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Development and characterization of a novel common wheat–Mexico rye T1DL·1RS translocation line with stripe rust and powdery mildew resistance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1291-1307页

作者： LI Jiao-jiao ZHAO Li Lü Bo-ya FU Yu ZHANG Shu-fa LIU Shu-hui YANG Qun-hui WU Jun LI Jia-chuang CHEN Xin-hong Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

rye(Secale cereale L., 2n=2x=14, RR) is a significant genetic resource for improving common wheat because of its resistance to multiple diseases and abiotic-stress tolerant traits. The 1RS chromosome from the German cultivated rye variety Petkus is critical in wheat breeding. However, its weakened disease resistance highlights the need to identify new resources. In the present study, a novel derived line called D27 was developed from common wheat and Mexico *** observations characterized the karyotype of D27 as 2n=42=21 Ⅱ. Genomic in situ hybridization indicated that a pair of whole-arm translocated Mexico rye chromosomes were inherited typically in the mitotic and meiosis stages of D27. Experiments using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and gliadin electrophoresis showed that D27 lacked wheat 1DS chromosomes. They were replaced by 1RS chromosomes of Mexico rye, supported by wheat simple-sequence repeat markers, rye sequence characterized amplified region markers, and wheat 40K SNP array *** wheat 1DS chromosomes could not be detected by molecular markers and wheat SNP array, but the presence of rye 1RS chromosomes was confirmed. Agronomic trait assessments indicated that D27 had a higher tiller number and enhanced stripe rust and powdery mildew resistance. In addition, dough properties analysis showed that replacing 1DS led to higher viscosity and lower dough elasticity in D27, which was beneficial for cake making. In conclusion, the novel cytogenetically stable common wheat–Mexico rye T1DL·1RS translocation line D27 offers excellent potential as outstanding germplasm in wheat breeding programs focusing on disease resistance and yield improvement. Additionally,it can be valuable for researching the rye 1RS chromosome’s genetic diversity.

关键词： common wheat disease resistance dough properties rye translocation line

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Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites,retrotransposons,and R-loop formation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu James A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Division of Biological Science University of MissouriColumbia 65211-7400USA

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle *** their conserved functionality,centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution,presenting diverse sizes and compositions across *** functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences,particularly in centromere identity,remains *** this study,we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye *** findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)and interspersed *** systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories,highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale)were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 *** minisatellites,mainly derived from retrotransposons,along with CRSs,played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in ***,we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3,with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in ***,these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres,suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere *** work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition,distribution,and potential function of R-loops in rye *** knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres,offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop

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Low-FODMAP vs regular rye bread in irritable bowel syndrome:Randomized SmartPill~ study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第11期24卷 1259-1268页

作者： Laura Pirkola Reijo Laatikainen Jussi Loponen Sanna-Maria Hongisto Markku Hillila Anu Nuora Baoru Yang Kaisa M Linderborg Riitta Freese Division of Nutrition Department of Food and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki FI-00790Finland Fazer Group/Fazer Bakeries Ltd Vantaa FI-01230Finland Medical Faculty PharmacologyMedical Nutrition PhysiologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki FI-00290Finland Clinic of Gastroenterology University of Helsinki and Helsinki UniversityHospital JorviEspoo FI-02740Finland Food Chemistry and Food Development Department of BiochemistryUniversity of TurkuTurku FI-20014Finland

AIM To compare the effects of regular vs low-FODMAP rye bread on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) symptoms and to study gastrointestinal conditions with Smart Pill?.METHODS Our aim was to evaluate if rye bread low in FODMAPs would cause reduced hydrogen excretion,lower intraluminal pressure,higher colonic p H,different transit times,and fewer IBS symptoms than regular rye *** study was a randomized,double-blind,controlled cross-over meal *** IBS patients(n = 7) ate study breads at three consecutive meals during one *** diet was similar for both study periods except for the FODMAP content of the bread consumed during the study *** p H,transit time,and pressure were measured by Smart Pill,an indigestible motility *** Hydrogen excretion(a marker of colonic fermentation) expressed as area under the curve(AUC)(0-630 min) was [median(range)] 6300(1785-10800) ppm?min for low-FODMAP rye bread and 10 635(4215-13080) ppm?min for regular bread(P = 0.028).Mean scores of gastrointestinal symptoms showed no statistically significant differences but suggested less flatulence after low-FODMAP bread consumption(P = 0.063).Intraluminal pressure correlated significantly with total symptom score after regular rye bread(ρ = 0.786,P = 0.036) and nearly significantly after lowFODMAP bread consumption(ρ = 0.75,P = 0.052).We found no differences in p H,pressure,or transit times between the *** residence of Smart Pill was slower than *** Pill left the stomach in less than 5 h only during one measurement(out of 14 measurements in total) and therefore did not follow on par with the rye bread *** Low-FODMAP rye bread reduced colonic fermentation vs regular rye *** difference was found in median values of intraluminal conditions of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Colonic pressure FODMAP Irritable bowel syndrome rye Wireless motility capsule Symptom severity

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Homologous analysis on centromeric region sequences of A and B chromosomes from rye by FISH

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第8期44卷 704-707页

作者： Rongxin Zhang Chengbin Chen Wenqin Song Xiulan Li Ruiyang Chen Nankai Univ Dept Biol Tianjin 300071 Peoples R China

Four centromeric segments from B chromosomes (Bs) of rye have been microdis-sected and amplified by linker adapter PCR (LA-PCR). The PCR products ranged from 100 to 2 000 bp. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiment has been carried out using PCR products as the probe, which was labeled by DIG-11-dUTP. The result confirms that these PCR products from Bs centromeric region are homologous with that of A chromosomes (As) in rye. It also proves that Bs are originated from As.

关键词： B chromosome of rye centromeric region microdissection homology FISH.

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Identification and Physical Mapping of New PCR-Based Markers Specific for the Long Arm of rye(Secale cereale L.) Chromosome 6

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第4期43卷 199-206页

作者： Meng Li Zongxiang Tang Ling Qiu Yangyang Wang Shuyao Tang Shulan Fu Province Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sichuan Agricultural University Agronomy College Sichuan Agricultural University

To effectively use elite genes on the long arm of rye chromosome 6（the 6RL arm） in wheat breeding programs,precise and fast identification of 6RL chromatin in wheat backgrounds is ***-based 6RL-specific markers can facilitate the detection of elite genes on 6RL in wheat ***,only a limited number of 6RL-specific markers have been *** the present study.300 new PCR-based 6RL-specific markers were identified using specific length amplified fragment sequencing（SLAF-seq） technology,and were further physically mapped to four regions on the 6RL arm using 6R and 6RL deletion ***,127 of the 300 markers were physically localized to a region from the site between 2.3 and 2.5 to the telomere,the same region where the powdery mildew resistance gene was *** addition,95 of the 300 markers exhibit polymorphisms,which can be used to investigate the diversity of rye 6RL *** markers developed in this study can be used to identify given segments of 6RL in wheat backgrounds and accelerate the utilization of elite genes on 6RL in wheat breeding.

关键词： Wheat rye 6RL-specific marker Physical mapping SLAF-seq Powdery mildew

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CYTOMIXIS AND CELL FUSION OF POLLEN CELLS IN F1 HYBRID OF WHEAT CROSSED WITH rye, WITH REFERENCE TO THE FORMATION OF ANEUPLOIDS

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四川农业大学学报 1992年第4期 616-622页

作者： Mingcheng Luo, Chi Yen and Junliang Yang (Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan City, Sichuan, China, Zip Code 611830)

Cytomixis refers to the migration of chromatin from one cell to an adjacent one. The cytological investigation demonstrated that cytomixis and direct fusion of two cells occurred in early stage of pollen development, and resulted from genetic controlled behaviour in hybrid plants of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Xiaoyuer mai) crossed with rye (Secale cereale L. cv. Winter rye). The frequency of occurrences of cytomixis and cell fusion was about 10％. Spontaneous seed settings in the hybrid plants were obtained.

关键词： Cytomixis: Meiosis Aneuploid: Wheat rye

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Hungaro Durum rye—Breeding, Genome Composition and Amino Acid Content of the First Triticale Cultivar for Human Consumption

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2019年第1期9卷 31-37页

作者： József Kruppa Jr. Klaudia Kruppa József Kruppa Kruppa-Mag Research Seed Producer and Distributor Ltd. Kisvárda 4600 Hungary Department of Plant Genetic Resources Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural Research Hungarian Academy of Sciences Martonvásár 2462 Hungary

Hungaro triticale cultivar was bred for human consumption and animal fodder in Kisvárda, Hungary. The breeding method applied for the recombinant secondary hexaploid triticale proved to be effective since the favourable traits of wheat, durum wheat and rye were successfully combined in the genome of the new cultivar. The first aim was to characterize the genome composition. Multicolour genomic in situ hybridization (mcGISH) was used for the genome compositional analysis. According to the results, the cultivar contains the wheat AB genome (AABB = 28 chromosomes) and the whole rye (R) genome (RR = 14 chromosomes). The presence of D genome, however, could not be detected within the detection limit of the GISH method. Hungaro is the very first triticale in Hungary that has been used for human consumption (milling industry, baking industry, pasta production). In this study, amino acid content of flours was measured. Amino acid investigations on Hungaro durum rye’s flour showed that the quantity of essential amino acids, especially of methionine and cysteine, are higher in Hungaro durum rye than in the also investigated ryefood rye cultivar and the GK ?thalom wheat cultivar. The genes inherited from the wheat species ensure high yield and great baking and dough making qualities. Therefore, its flour is suitable in itself for pastry and dough production (without mixing it with other flours). Its characteristics inherited from rye guarantee excellent abiotic and biotic resistance.

关键词： Triticale for human consumption Hungaro durum rye quality, GISH.

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Allelopathic Effects of Cereal rye on Weed Suppression and Forage Yield in Alfalfa

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 685-700页

作者： Laxman Adhikari Mohsen Mohseni-Moghadam Ali Missaoui Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Athens GA USA

Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) is widely used as cover crop because of its allelopathic effects and effectiveness in weed suppression. In the Southeastern US, rye is traditionally grown for winter grazing in dormant bermudagrass pastures, where alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is increasingly planted as a companion crop. The effect of cereal rye on alfalfa as a succeeding crop is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cereal rye on alfalfa seedling emergence, growth, forage yield, and weed suppression in field conditions. rye was planted in the fall (mid-October) and the biomass was harvested in spring (March) followed by disking and incorporation of the remaining stubble in the soil. Alfalfa seed was planted four weeks later. The experiment design was a split-plot design with the main plots being no-rye and after-rye and the sub-plots being alfalfa cultivars. Ten alfalfa cultivars were planted in three replications after-rye and three replications with no-rye as a previous crop. In the establishment year, weed density was significantly (p rye alfalfa plots by nearly 77%. Alfalfa seedling counts were also significantly lower (p 0.01) among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block compared to the no-rye, with a seedling count reduction between 35% and 64%. Reduction in total dry biomass yield varied from 15% to 43% among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block. The results of this study also suggest that the allelopathic effect of rye on alfalfa may not persist beyond the establishment season, but the enormous yield reduction in the first production season may constitute a costly economic penalty in terms of forage production. There was variation in the response of different alfalfa cultivars to the effect of rye residue as indicated by the variation in the magnitude of reduction in stand count and forage yield. This warrants more research in multi-location trials with and without rye in order t

关键词： Allelopathy Alfalfa Cereal rye Biological Weed Control Biomass

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Evaluation of Ruminal Dry Matter Disappearance and pH of Dry Corn, High-Moisture Corn, and rye under in Vitro Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 327-332页

作者： Warren Carl Rusche Zachary Kidd Foster Smith South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of grain type on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and pH using ruminal fluid and a buffer reagent. Five beef cows were used for ruminal fluid collection and ruminal fluid was pooled prior to use. The cows used for ruminal fluid collection were maintained on a forage-based diet (60:40 forage to concentrate) for 28 d prior to ruminal fluid collection. Three grain types were evaluated: 1) dry corn (89% dry matter;DRC), 2) high-moisture corn (72% dry matter;HMC) and 3) rye (89% dry matter;rye). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. A total of twenty-one replications of each grain type were used for statistical analysis (n = 63 tubes total). IVDMD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) by 97.1% and 46.4% for rye compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Additionally, IVDMD was greater (P = 0.05) by 34.6% for HMC compared to DRC. Final pH was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) for rye by 12.3% and 2.8% for rye compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Also, final pH was decreased (P = 0.05) by 9.8% for HMC compared to DRC. These data indicate that corn harvest method (dry vs. high-moisture) influences IVDMD and final pH and that rye has a greater disappearance of dry matter and lower final pH than corn under in vitro conditions.

关键词： Corn Grain Processing Ruminal Fermentation rye

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Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a New T2BL·1RS Wheat-rye Chromosome Translocation Line Resistant to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew

Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a New T2BL·1RS Wh...

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中国遗传学会植物遗传和基因组学专业委员会2009年学术研讨会

作者： Chunmei Wang~(1*),Qi Zheng~(2*),Lihui Li~3,Yongchun Niu~4,Haibo Wang~5,Bin Li~2,Xiaotian Zhang~1,Yunfeng Xu~1,and Diaoguo An~(1**) 1 Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),Shijiazhuang 050021 2 The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering,IGDB,CAS,Beijing 100101 College of Life Sciences,China Genetic and Molecular Breeding University,Beijing 100000 3 The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS),Beijing 100081 4 Institute of Plant Protection,CAAS,Beijing 100193 5 Institute of Genetics and Physiology,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang, 050051

Wheat(Triticum aestivum) genotypes with rye(Secale cereale) 1RS chromosomal translocations are widely used in wheat breeding programs because 1RS carries genes for resistance to several ***,some of the pathogens have ... 详细信息

关键词： Wheat rye translocation line GISH and FISH wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew

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