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rumen fermentation and acetogen population changes in response to an exogenous acetogen TWA4 strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2015年第8期16卷 709-719页

作者： Chun-lei YANG Le-luo GUAN Jian-xin LIU Jia-kun WANG Institute of Dairy Science Mo E Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition College of Animal SciencesZhejiang University Department of Agricultural Food & Nutritional Science Faculty of Agricultural Life & Environmental SciencesUniversity of Alberta

The presence of yeast cells could stimulate hydrogen utilization of acetogens and enhance acetogenesis. To understand the roles of acetogens in rumen fermentation, an in vitro rumen fermentation experiment was conducted with addition of acetogen strain （TWA4） and/or Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product （XP）. A 2×2 factorial design with two levels of TWA4 （0 or 2×10^7 cells/ml） and XP （0 or 2 g/L） was performed. Volatile fatty acids （VFAs） were increased （P〈0.05） in XP and TWA4XP, while methane was increased only in TWA4XP （P〈0.05）. The increase rate of microorganisms with formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, especially acetogens, was higher than that of methanogens under all treatments. Lachnospiraceae was predominant in all acetogen communities, but without close acetyI-CoA synthase （ACS） amino acid sequences from cultured isolates. Low-Acetitomaculum ruminis-like ACS was predominant in all acetogen communities, while four unique phylotypes in XP treatment were all amino acid identified Iow-Eubacterium limosum-like acetogens. It differs to XP treatment that more Iow-A. ruminis-like and less Iow- E. limosum-like sequences were identified in ＂I＇WA4 and TWA4XP treatments. Enhancing acetogenesis by supple- mentation with an acetogen strain and/or yeast cells may be an approach to mitigate methane, by targeting proper acetogens such as uncultured Iow-E. limosum-like acetogens.

关键词： Acetogen Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product rumen fermentation Methanogen

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Effects of infusing milk precursors into the artery on rumen fermentation in lactating cows

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第2期2卷 105-110页

作者： Xianjue Wang Changjin Ao Khas-Erdene Shuaiwang Liu Chen Bai Fuquan Zhang Ying Zhang Peng Gao College of Animal Science Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of infusing milk precursors into the external pudic artery on rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to Group A(experimental group) and Group B(control group) with 4 cows each. A2×4 complex factor crossover design was used. Cows in Group A were fed corn straw as the only roughage, and cows in Group B were fed mixed roughage. The experiment was divided into two *** the first period, cows in Group A, received treatments: 1) a basal infusate as a control(CSC); 2) a milk fat precursor infusion including C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 c9, C18:2 c6, C18:3 n3, acetic acid(CSF); 3) a milk protein precursor infusion including 16 amino acids(CSA); 4) the mixed infusion of milk fat and protein precursors(CSFA). And meanwhile, cows in Group B were infused the basal infusate as a control group. In the second period, the cows in both Groups A and B were crossed over, which cows in Group A were named as Group B and the cows originally in Group B were in Group A. The experimental results showed that cows in experimental group had higher ruminal pH compared with the control, and ruminal pH in CSC, CSF, CSA were significantly higher than those in their respective control group(P rumen(P rumen acetic acid concentration as well as the acetic to propionic ratio(P fermentation u

关键词： External pudic artery Infusion Milk component precursors rumen fermentation Lactation dairy cows Forage

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Effects of rumen-protected Methionine on rumen fermentation, lactation Performance and Plasma Characteristics in Dairy Cows

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Feed & Livestock 2010年第2期3卷 15-18,20-23,25,26页

作者： Qiang. Liu Cong. Wang Wen.Zhu.Yang Xiong. Luo Xiao.Min. Yang Dong.Chang. He Ping. Zhang KuanHu. Dong Ying.Xiang. Huang College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu Shanxi P. R. China 030801 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre P. O. Box 3000 Lethbridge AB Canada Institute of Animal Science Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science Taiyuan Shanxi P. R. China 030032 Datong State Dairy Cow Farm Datong Shanxi P. R. China 037004

The objective was to evaluate effects of rumen-protected methionine （RP-Met） supplementation on rumen fermentation, lactation performance and plasma characteristics in dairy cows. Twenty-four multiparous （2.2 - 0.40 parity） Holstein dairy cows, averaged 620 ± 12.3 kg of BW, 68 ± 2.5 day in milk and daily milk production averaged 26.0 ±0.3 kg/cow were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were： control （without RP-Met）, LRP-Met, MRP-Met and HRP-Met with 20, 40 and 60 g RP-Met per cow per day, respectively. RP-Met was hand-mixed into the top one-third of the daily ration. Experimental periods were 30 days with 15 d of adaptation and 15 d of sampling. Dry matter （DM） intake and milk yields were not affected （P 〉 0.05） with increasing RP-Met supplementation. Yields of 4%FCM, ECM, milk fat and milk protein were higher （P 〈 0.03） for RP-Met supplementation than control and were quadratically （P 〈 0.05） changed due to the higher percentage of milk fat and protein for RP-Met supplementation than control （P 〈 0.03）. Ruminal pH tended to be lower （P = 0.071） for RP-Met supplementation than control, whereas total VFA concentration tended to be higher （P = 0.086） for RP-Met supplementation than control. Ratio of acetate to propionate decreased linearly （P = 0.001） from 4.01 to 3.57 as RP-Met supplementation increased due to the increase in propionate production. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF in the total tract were higher （P 〈 0.05） for RP-Met supplementation than control and were quadratically （P 〈 0.05） increased with increasing RP-Met supplementation. Plasma concentrations of glucose not affected （P 〉 0.05） with RP-Met supplementation, Plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids （NEFA） were significantly lower （P = 0.017） for RP-Met supplementation than control and were linearly （P = 0.011） changed. Plasma concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate tended to be lower （P = 0.068） for RP-Met supplementation than control and were li

关键词： rumen-protected methionine rumen fermentation lactation performance blood metabolites dairy cow

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Effect of supplemental Bacillus culture on rumen fermentation and performance in dairy cattle

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2007年第3期14卷 218-223页

作者： QIAO Guohua SHAN Anshan Institute of Animal Nutrition Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

Two parts were involved in this experiment. In experiment 1, 32 Chinese Holstein cows with relatively similar body condition, lactation number and days in milk were selected. The cows were assigned in a randomized complete block design trial to determine the effect of supplemental Bacillus cultures to diet on production performance in dairy cattle. Four treatments, i.e., Bacillus licheniformis （strain number 1.813） group, Bacillus subtilis （strain number 1.1086） group, Bacillus cereus var. mycoides （strain number 1.260） group and control group. Each treatment had eight replicates, each replicate had one cow, 50 g per head per day. Results showed that Bacillus licheniformis group increased the milk yield （P〈0.05）. The other two groups didn＇t have significant effect on milk yield than the control group （P〉0.05）. In experiment 2, 3 Chinese Holstein cows with permanent fistulas were used. 3×3 Latin squares were assigned to three diets： Bacillus lincheniformis culture, Bacillus subtilis culture and control. Bacillus licheniformis culture increased total rumen microorganism （P〈0.05）, decreased the ammonia N concentration at 2, 4 h （P〈0.05）. Bacillus licheniformis culture increased the total volatile fatty （P〉0.05）, increased the rate of acetic acid to propionic acid （P〉0.05）. Bacillus licheniformis culture decreased the methane production （P〈0.05）.

关键词： Bacillus culture rumen fermentation methane production performance

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Effect of Corn Stalks Treated with Carbonylamines in Different Concentrate and Forage Rations and Nitrogen Conditions on rumen fermentation in Vitro

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2011年第3期3卷 9-12页

作者： LU Guang-lin LI Dong-feng YANG Lian-yu Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College Jilin 132000 China Da'an Animal Husbandry Bureau of Jilin Province Da'an 131300China Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China

[ Objective] To investigate the effects of concentrate/roughage ratios and nitrogen levels on in-vitro rumen fermentation of urea-treating corn stalk. [ Method] The concentrate/roughage ratios were 7： 3, 5：5 and 3： 7. The crude protein levels were 11% and 14%. The in-vitro culture time was 2, 4, 6 and 48 h. [ Result] The pH value of broth decreased significantly with the decline in the proportion of roughage （ P 〈 0.01 ） and with the increase in the crude protein levels （P 〈 0.05）. The ammonium nitrogen concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid ratio of the fermen- ted products decreased with the increase in the crude protein levels and proportion of concentrate in diet. The diet with concentrate/roughage ratio of 5：5 and crude protein level of 14% had significantly higher digestibility of dry matter and organic matter than other diets （ P 〈 0.05）. The digesti- bility of organic matter increased gradually with the increasing proportion of concentrate and crude protein level. With the increase in the proportion of concentrate, the microbial protein levels increased remarkably, while the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio declined. [ Conclusion] The concentrate/ roughage ratios and nitrogen levels affect rumen fermentation and microbial growth during in-vitro culture. However, the best supplementary feeding results of urea-treatinq corn stalks can be obtained when the concentrate/rouahaae ratio is below 5：5 and the crude protein level is 14%.

关键词： Concentrate/roughage ratio Nitrogen level Diet rumen fermentation

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Effects of morning versus evening reallocation on grazing behavior,rumen fermentation and milk production in strip grazing cows

Effects of morning versus evening reallocation on grazing be...

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第七届草食动物营养国际学术研讨会

作者： P.A.Abrahamse J.Dijkstra S.Tamminga Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen Institute of Animal Science （WIAS）sWageningen UniversityP.O.Box 3386700 AHWageningenThe Netherlands Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen Institute of Animal Science （WIAS）sWageningen UniversityP.O.Box 3386700 AHWageningenThe Netherlands Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen Institute of Animal Science （WIAS）sWageningen UniversityP.O.Box 3386700 AHWageningenThe Netherlands

＜正＞Twenty Holstein cows were split into two equal groups to test the effect of timing of allocation to new strip grazing plots on dry matter intake（DMI）,grazing behavior, rumen characteristics and milk production using a repeated measurements design with three periods of 14d *** were allocated to 0.125 ha plots of Lolium perenne L after morning milking（M）or after evening milking（E）.Cows were milked at 0600 and 1600 h and fed 2.7 kg DM/d concentrates with alkanes as a supplement. Although chemical composition of grass was similar between M and E on a daily basis,large differences existed when evaluated morning and evening grass samples in M and *** detergent fiber（NDF）in grass increased between evening and morning in E,but was equal between morning and evening in M. Crude protein（CP）in grass decreased in time after reallocation while water- soluble carbohydrates（WSC）increased in both treatments. Grass DMI determined using the n-alkane technique,grazing behavior observed using IGER graze recorders,and milk production did not differ（p＞0.05） between ***,there were significant differences between treatments in grazing behavior parameters when data was separated between day and *** time,number of bites and bite:chew ratio were higher in the fist half than in the second half day after *** time in M was more evenly distributed during the day but lower during the night,in comparison to E （figure 1b）.The combined effects of differences on eating behavior and concentrations of NDF and WSC between treatments in different periods of the day probably caused higher intake of NDF and WSC in E,resulting in a significantly higher non-glucogenic to glucogenic volatile fatty acid ratio（NGR）. This was positively related to milk fat percentage in *** conclusion,different times of allocation altered eating behavior in different parts of the day,NGR and milk fat percentage,but DMI and milk production were not affected.

关键词： grazing behavior rumen fermentation milk production strip grazing water-soluble carbohydrates

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Effect of β-carotene on selected indices of in vitro rumen fermentation in goats

Effect of β-carotene on selected indices of in vitro rumen ...

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The Ⅶ International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores(ISNH-7)

作者： H.-X.Yan L.-S.Sun G.-Q.Zhao~1 College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009,P.R.China

Three goats fitted with rumen fistula were used as donors ofrumen *** were incubated in vitro with buffered tureen fluid for 24 *** levels of β-carotene(five groups:10,50,100,200, 500 mg/l)were added as five treatment groups to determine whether it affected rumen fermentation in vitro as compared with blank samples used as ***-N concentrations with 50,100 and 200 mg β-carotene/I group were found significantly lower than that in blank samples(P0.05),although propionate and butyrate concentrations *** is concluded that β-carotene can enhance the utilization of NH-N by rumen microorganisms and thus promote their growth in vitro.

关键词： β-carotene rumen fermentation goat in vitro

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rumen bacterial cluster identification and its influence on rumen metabolites and growth performance of young goats

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 34-44页

作者： Dangdang Wang Guangfu Tang Yannan Wang Junjian Yu Luyu Chen Jie Chen Yanbo Wu Yuanjie Zhang Yangchun Cao Junhu Yao College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100ShaanxiChina

Enterotypes,which are defined as bacterial clusters in the gut microbiome,have been found to have a close relationship to host metabolism and ***,this concept has never been used in the rumen,and little is known about the complex biological relationships between ruminants and their rumen bacterial *** this study,we used young goats(n=99)as a model,fed them the same diet,and analyzed their rumen microbiome and corresponding bacterial *** relationships between the bacterial clusters and rumen fermentation and growth performance in the goats were further *** bacterial clusters were identified in all goats:the P-cluster(dominated by genus Prevotella,n=38)and R-cluster(dominated by Ruminococcus,n=61).Compared with P-cluster goats,Rcluster goats had greater growth rates,concentrations of propionate,butyrate,and 18 free amino acids)and proportion of unsaturated fatty acids,but lower acetate molar percentage,acetate to propionate ratio,and several odd and branched chain and saturated fatty acids in rumen fluid(Prumen bacterial clusters can influence rumen fermentation and growth performan

关键词： rumen microbiota Bacterial cluster rumen fermentation Growth performance Goat

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Effects of yeast and yeast cell wall polysaccharides supplementation on beef cattle growth performance, rumen microbial populations and lipopolysaccharides production

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 810-819页

作者： PENG Quan-hui CHENG Long KANG Kun Tian Gang Mohammad Al-Mamun XUE Bai WANG Li-zhi ZOU Hua-wei Mathew Gitau Gicheha WANG Zhi-sheng Key Laboratory of Bovine Low-Carbon Farming and Safe Production Institute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneVictoria 3647Australia Angel Yeast Co. Ltd.Yichang 443000P.R.China Department of Animal Nutrition Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Department of Animal Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobi P.O.Box 62000-00200Kenya

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of live yeast and yeast cell wall polysaccharides on growth performance,rumen function and plasma lipopolysaccharides(LPS) content and immunity parameters of beef *** Qinchuan cattle were randomly assigned to one of four treatments with 10 replicates in each *** dietary treatments were: control diet(CTR),CTR supplemented with 1 g live yeast(2×10^10 live cell g^-1 per cattle per day(YST1),CTR supplemented with 2 g live yeast per cattle per day(YST2) and CTR supplemented with 20 g of yeast cell wall polysaccharides(30.0%≤β-glucan≤35.0%,and 28.0%≤mannanoligosaccharide≤32.0%) per cattle per day(YCW).The average daily gain was higher(P=0.023) and feed conversion ratio was lower(P=0.042) for the YST2 than the *** digestibility of neutral detergent fiber(P=0.039) and acid detergent fiber(P=0.016) were higher in yeast supplemented *** acetic acid:propionic acid of the YST2 was lower compared with the CTR(P=0.033).Plasma LPS(P=0.032),acute phase protein haptoglobin(P=0.033),plasma amyloid A(P=0.015) and histamine(P=0.038) were lower in the YST2 compared with the *** copies of fibrolytic microbial populations such as Fibrobacter succinogenes S85,Ruminococcus albus 7 and Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 of the YST2 were higher(Pfermentation characteristics,microbial populations,immunity indices and total tract nutrient *** is concluded that the YST2 could promote fibrolytic microbial populations,decrease starch-utilizing bacteria,reduce LPS production in the rumen and LPS absorption into plasma and decrease inflammatory parameters,which can lead to an improvement in growth performance in beef cattle.

关键词： live yeast fiber degradability rumen fermentation immunity indices

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rumen microbiome structure and metabolites activity in dairy cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1148-1168页

作者： Yue Wang Xuemei Nan Yiguang Zhao Linshu Jiang Mengling Wang Hui Wang Fan Zhang Fuguang Xue Dengke Hua Jun Liu Junhu Yao Benhai Xiong State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition Beijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China Engineering Research Center of Feed Development Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Langfang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Langfang 065000China

Background:Due to the high prevalence and complex etiology,bovine mastitis(BM)is one of the most important diseases to compromise dairy cow health and milk *** shift in milk compositions has been widely investigated during mastitis,but recent studies suggested that gastrointestinal microorganism also has a crucial effect on the inflammation of other peripheral tissues and organs,including the mammary ***,research focused on the variation of rumen inner-environment during mastitis is still ***,the ruminal microbial profiles,metabolites,and milk compositions in cows with different udder health conditions were compared in the present ***,the correlations between udder health status and ruminal conditions were *** on the somatic cell counts(SCC),California mastitis test(CMT)parameters and clinical symptoms of mastitis,60 lactating Holstein dairy cows with similar body conditions(excepted for the udder health condition)were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=20 per group)including the healthy(H)group,the subclinical mastitis(SM)group and the clinical mastitis(CM)*** performance and rumen fermentation parameters were *** rumen microbiota and metabolites were also analyzed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics,***:As the degree of mastitis increased,rumen lactic acid(LA)(Prumen of CM cows,the significantly increased bacteria related to intestinal and oral inflammation,such as Lachnospiraceae(FDR-adjusted P=0.039),Moraxella(FDR-adjusted P=0.011)and Neisseriaceae(FDR-adjusted P=0.036),etc.,were accompanied by a significant increase in 12-oxo-20-dihydroxy-leukotriene B4(FDR-adjusted P=5.97×10^(−9))and 10beta-hydroxy-6beta-isobutyrylfuranoeremophilane(FDR-adjusted P=3.88×10^(−10)).Meanwhile,in the rumen of SM cow

关键词： Dairy cows Lactation performance Mastitis rumen fermentation Ruminal metabolisms Ruminal microbiota

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