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Improved algorithm of cluster-based routing protocols for agricultural wireless multimedia sensor networks

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第4期9卷 132-140页

作者： Zhang Fu Liu Hongmei Wang Jun Qiu Zhaomei Mao Pengjun Zhang Yakun College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province Luoyang 471003China

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH)is a routing algorithm in agricultural wireless multimedia sensor networks(WMSNs)that includes two kinds of improved protocol,LEACH_D and LEACH_*** this study,obstacles were overcome in widely used *** improved algorithm was proposed to solve existing problems,such as energy source restriction,communication distance,and energy of the *** optimal number of clusters was calculated by the first-order radio model of the improved algorithm to determine the percentage of the cluster heads in the *** energy and the near sink nodes were chosen as cluster heads based on the residual energy of the nodes and the distance between the nodes to the sink *** the same time,the K-means clustering analysis method was used for equally assigning the nodes to several clusters in the *** simulation and the verification results showed that the survival number of the proposed algorithm LEACH-ED increased by 66%.Moreover,the network load was high and network lifetime was *** mathematical model between the average voltage of nodes(y)and the running time(x)was concluded in the equation y=−0.0643x+4.3694,and the correlation coefficient was R2=*** research results can provide a foundation and method for the design and simulation of the routing algorithm in agricultural WMSNs.

关键词： wireless sensor networks routing protocol LEACH algorithm improved algorithm cluster head K-means clustering

A Cooperative Forwarding Scheme for VANET routing protocols

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ZTE Communications 2016年第3期14卷 13-21页

作者： WU Celimuge JI Yusheng YOSHINAGA Tsutomu The University of Electro-Communications Chofu-shi Tokyo 182-8585 Japan National Institute of Informatics Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430 Japan

Providing efficient packet delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks （VANETs） is particularly challenging due to the vehicle move- ment and lossy wireless channels. A data packet can be lost at a forwarding node even when a proper node is selected as the for- warding node. In this paper, we propose a loss-tolerant scheme for unicast routing protocols in VANETs. The proposed scheme employs multiple forwarding nodes to improve the packet reception ratio at the forwarding nodes. The scheme uses network coding to reduce the number of required transmissions, resulting in a significant improvement in end-to-end packet delivery ratio with low message overhead. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using both theoretical analysis and computer sim-

关键词： vehicular ad hoe networks routing protocol network coding cooperative forwarding scheme

DRRS-BC:Decentralized routing Registration System Based on Blockchain

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第12期8卷 1868-1876页

作者： Huimin Lu Yu Tang Yi Sun College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Engineering Kyushu Institute of TechnologyKitakyushu 804-8550Japan School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

The border gateway protocol(BGP)has become the indispensible infrastructure of the Internet as a typical inter-domain routing ***,it is vulnerable to misconfigurations and malicious attacks since BGP does not provide enough authentication mechanism to the route *** a result,it has brought about many security incidents with huge economic *** solutions to the routing security problem such as S-BGP,So-BGP,Ps-BGP,and RPKI,are based on the Public Key Infrastructure and face a high security risk from the centralized *** this paper,we propose the decentralized blockchain-based route registration framework-decentralized route registration system based on blockchain(DRRS-BC).In DRRS-BC,we produce a global transaction ledge by the information of address prefixes and autonomous system numbers between multiple organizations and ASs,which is maintained by all blockchain nodes and further used for *** applying blockchain,DRRS-BC perfectly solves the problems of identity authentication,behavior authentication as well as the promotion and deployment problem rather than depending on the authentication ***,it resists to prefix and subprefix hijacking attacks and meets the performance and security requirements of route registration.

关键词： Blockchain decentralized routing protocol routing registration

Distributed intrusion detection for mobile ad hoc networks

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第4期19卷 851-859页

作者： Yi Ping Jiang Xinghao Wu Yue Liu Ning School of Information Security Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Shanghai 200030 P. R. China State Key Lab of Information Security Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China

Mobile ad hoc networking （MANET） has become an exciting and important technology in recent years, because of the rapid proliferation of wireless devices. Mobile ad hoc networks is highly vulnerable to attacks due to the open medium, dynamically changing network topology, cooperative algorithms, and lack of centralized monitoring and management point. The traditional way of protecting networks with firewalls and encryption software is no longer sufficient and effective for those features. A distributed intrusion detection approach based on timed automata is given. A cluster-based detection scheme is presented, where periodically a node is elected as the monitor node for a cluster. These monitor nodes can not only make local intrusion detection decisions, but also cooperatively take part in global intrusion detection. And then the timed automata is constructed by the way of manually abstracting the correct behaviours of the node according to the routing protocol of dynamic source routing （DSR）. The monitor nodes can verify the behaviour of every nodes by timed automata, and validly detect real-time attacks without signatures of intrusion or trained data. Compared with the architecture where each node is its own IDS agent, the approach is much more efficient while maintaining the same level of effectiveness. Finally, the intrusion detection method is evaluated through simulation experiments.

关键词： mobile ad hoc networks routing protocol security intrusion detection timed automata.

Quality of Service Support in RPL Networks:Standing State and Future Prospects

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 344-368页

作者： Ibrahim S.Alsukayti Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah 51452Saudi Arabia

The development of IP-based Internet of Things(IoT)networks would facilitate more effective end-to-end IP network architectures,but it remains a *** routing needs to be effectively addressed in the IoT environments of scarce computational and energy ***,the Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)has specified the IPv6 routing protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network(RPL)to provide a bespoke IPv6-based routing framework for IoT ***,RPL comes with no Quality of Service(QoS)support which is an essential requirement for many IoT *** network research community has introduced a number of research proposals enhancing RPL with different QoS *** paper presents a review of these proposed solutions and aims to establish a firm understanding of recent QoS developments for RPL and possible areas for future IoT routing *** focus is on comprehending the protocol and networking properties that can affect QoS performance in RPL *** is also given to different objective functions developed for addressing varying QoS aspects such as throughput,delay,and packet *** is also extended in a number of QoS solutions following different approaches at the MAC,network,and application ***,there is still a need for further developments to address effective QoS support,particularly for dynamic RPL networks.

关键词： Internet of Things low power and lossy network quality of service routing protocol

Multicast protocol for Uni-Directional Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2000年第2期15卷 158-168页

作者：黄皓陈贵海谢立孙钟秀 State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China

A very inexpensive receive-only satellite receiver can receive high bandwidth traffic from a feeder. Therefore the connection between the feeder and the receiver is uni-directional. The existing routing protocols, such as Link-State and Distance-Vector, are designed on the premise that any links are bidirectional and they cannot handle the uni-directional links. In this paper,a dynamic multicast routing protocol is proposed, which can handle uni-directional networks. This protocol can also adapt to the dynamic change of the topology of the network and has good scalability. A formal description of the protocol by Petri net is given. Liveness, deadlock free and other properties of the protocol are proved.

关键词： routing protocol multicast unicast uni-directional network

On-demand coding-aware routing in wireless Mesh networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第5期17卷 80-86,92页

作者： SUN Jian-zhen,LIU Yuan-an,HU He-fei,YUAN Dong-ming Wireless Communications and EMC Laboratory,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China Wireless Communications and EMC Laboratory Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

Network coding,which exploits the broadcast nature of wireless medium,is an effective way to improve network performance in wireless multi-hop networks,but the first practical wireless network coding system COPE cannot actively detect a route with more coding opportunities and limit the coding structure within two-hop *** on-demand coding-aware routing scheme （OCAR） for wireless Mesh networks is proposed to overcome the limitations specified above by actively detecting a route with more coding opportunities along the entire route rather than within two-hop *** more coding opportunities tends to route multiple flows ‘close to each other’ while avoiding interference requires routing multiple flows ‘away from each other’.OCAR achieves a tradeoff by adopting RC AIA as routing metric in route discovery,which is not only coding-aware but also considers both inter and intra flow *** results show that,compared with Ad-hoc on-demand distance vecfor routing （AODV） and AODV＋COPE,OCAR can find more coding opportunities,thus effectively increase network throughput,reduce end to end delay and alleviate network congestion.

关键词： Mesh networks network coding coding-aware routing protocol

Interference aware routing for mobile ad hoc networks based on node's sending and receiving capabilities

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2013年第4期20卷 73-79,111页

作者： GU Chao ZHU Qi Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Lab on Wideband Wireless Communications and Sensor Network Technology of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

How to efficiently build routes among nodes is increasing important for mobile ad hoc networks （MANETs）. This paper puts forward an interference aware routing protocol called Interference aware cross layer routing protocol （IA-CLR） for MANETs based on the IEEE 802.11 medium access layer （MAC）. By defining the node＇s sending and receiving capabilities, IA-CLR can indicate the interference strength of the link in a real and comprehensive way. Further more, in order to choose the route with minimum bottleneck link interference, a new routing metric is proposed by combining the MAC layer and the network layer for cross layer design. Simulation results show that IA-CLR can significantly improve the performances of network such as the average end-to-end delay, the packets loss ratio and the throughput.

关键词： ad hoc networks routing protocol routing design interference aware

Research on Qo S routing protocols in Wireless Mesh Networks

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Research on Qo S Routing Protocols in Wireless Mesh Networks