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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infections among Expectant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Ruiru Sub County Hospital, Kenya

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第12期13卷 571-587页

作者： Eunice Maingi Andrew Nyerere Celestine Makobe Department of Medical Microbiology College of Health Science Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection affecting males and females but is more prevalent in expectant women. ESBLs are bacteria with enzymes that make them resistant to many antibiotics, posing a significant health challenge. This study aims to determine the characteristics of ESBL-producing bacteria causing UTIs in expectant women. Methodology: A self-administered survey was carried out;300 expectant women were recruited using a random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic information. Urine samples were collected in sterile universal bottles and processed at the JKUAT Zoology laboratory. Urine samples were analyzed using urinalysis, microscopy, culture, and sensitivity testing. ESBL-producing bacteria were identified phenotypically using the double-disc synergy test (DDST) and genotyped for specific resistant genes using PCR. Results: UTI prevalence was 32.7% (98/300). UTI was significantly associated with the history of previous UTI (OR = 0.84, p = 0.02) and multigravida (OR = 0.14 p = 0.01). UTI was common in women aged between 28-37 years in their second trimester. Bacteria isolated were E. coli 57.1% (56/98), S. aureus 21.4% (21/98) K. pneumonia 11.2% (11/98) and Proteus spp 10.4% (10/98). Bacteria antibiotic resistance patterns were E. coli-tetracycline (91.1%), sulfamethoxazole (55.4%), cefotaxime (53.4%) and augmentin (53.4%). S. aureus-sulfamethozaxole (100%) and augmentin (71.4%), K. pneumoniae-sulfame-thoxazole (72.2%) cefotaxime (63.6%), chloramphenicol and tetracycline (54.5%). Proteus spp: tetracycline (100%), nitrofurantoin (90%), cefotaxime and chloramphenicol (50%). The proportion of ESBLs bacterial producers was 37.6% (29/77) and 44.8% (13/29) possessed ESBLs resistant genes;Bla CTX-M 53.8% (7/13), Bla SHV and Bla TEM 23.1% (3/13) each, Bla OXA (0%) was not detected. Conclusion: The study revealed a high proportion of ESBLs producing bacteria responsible for UTI in expectant women. ESBLs

关键词： Urinary Tract Infections resistant genes Genotypic Phenotypic Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

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Discovery and Utilization of Small Brown Planthopper Resistance Gene in Wild Rice

Discovery and Utilization of Small Brown Planthopper Resista...

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中国植物病理学会2012年学术年会

作者： ZHANG Wei-Lin YAN Cheng-Qi CHEN Jian-Ping (Institute of Virology and Biotechnology MO A and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Virology,Zhejiang academy of Agricultural Sciences)

＜正＞Rice（Oryza sativa L.） is a primary staple food for more than 50%of the world population. Insect pests are major biotic constraints in rice production and *** small brown planthopper -SBPH（Laodelphax striatellus Fallen） is an economically important pest in *** not only causes direct damage by sucking plant sap,but also transmits several viral diseases such as rice stripe virus （RSV） and rice black-streaked dwarf virus,which often cause major yield losses. Protection against the SBPH greatly depended on insecticides,which has brought about enhanced resistance of SBPH to chemicals,environmental pollution and natural enemy death and in turn resulted in the pest ***-plant resistance has been recognized as one of the most economic and effective measures in controlling the SBPH and RSV because of prevention of transmission of *** to date, some resistant varieties were identified and 31 SBPH-resistance genes were mapped on the chromosome. Not the same germplasm resources for resistance to the SBPH as that previously reported,discovery and utilization of the SBPH-resistance gene in wild rice was performed by our *** rice species possess the nature resistance to the *** using asymmetric somatic hybridization with wild rice as the donor species and ***（02428） as the recipient species,from the progeny lines,we obtained Pf9279-4,which confers high resistance to the *** resistance heredity and breeding for resistance varieties is *** some resistant varieties were identified and 31 SBPH-resistance genes were mapped on the chromosome,up to date,none of resistance genes was cloned,so screening and cloning the resistant genes from the wild rice connected with breeding are nice pathway for rice production and security.

关键词： small brown planthopper wild rice resistant genes

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大豆孢囊线虫抗性相关基因的比较作图(英文)

大豆孢囊线虫抗性相关基因的比较作图(英文)

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第二届热带亚热带植物资源的遗传多样性与基因发掘利用研讨会

作者：方宣钧海南省热带农业资源开发利用研究所

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most dangerous disease to cause significant yield losses. Most recent estimates for SCN indicate losses of nearly 9 million metric tons worldwide in 1998 and 3.5 million metric tons in the China in 2004. Soybean cyst nematode causes yield reductions by feeding on plant nutrients, retarding root growth, and inhibiting Bradyrhizobium nodulation.

关键词： Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Soybean cyst nematode resistant genes

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