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reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channel A case study of Triassic Upper Karamay Formation,Xinjiang oilfield

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Petroleum 2016年第2期2卷 117-129页

作者： Senlin Yin Zhangming Hu Xiang Ren Xiaojun Wu Yanhui Chen Lijun Zheng Zhibin Jiang Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhouHubei434023China Western Drilling Engineering Company of PetroChina Karamay 834000China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay 834000XinjiangChina

The purpose of this study was to discuss shape,scale and superimposed types of sandy gravel bodies in sandy-gravel braided distributary channel.Lithofacies analysis,hierarchy bounding surface analysis and subsurface dense well pattern combining with outcrops method were used to examine reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channel based on cores,well logging,and outcrops data,and the reservoir architecture patterns of sandy gravel braided distributary channels in different grades have been established.The study shows:(1)The main reservoir architecture elements for sandy gravel braided channel delta are distributary channel and overbank sand,while reservoir flow barrier elements are interchannel and lacustrine mudstone.(2)The compound sand bodies in the sandy gravel braided delta distributary channel take on three shapes:sheet-like distributary channel sand body,interweave strip distributary channel sand body,single strip distributary channel sand body.(3)Identification marks of single distributary channel include:elevation of sand body top,lateral overlaying,“thick-thin-thick”feature of sand bodies,interchannel mudstone and overbank sand between distributary channels and the differences in well log curve shape of sand bodies.(4)Nine lithofacies types were distinguished in distributary channel unit interior,different channel units have different lithofacies association sequence.

关键词： Distributary channel Gravel braided channel delta reservoir architecture 31st section of Pinglianggou Block Yizhong

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The rudist buildup depositional model,reservoir architecture and development strategy of the cretaceous Sarvak formation of Southwest Iran

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Petroleum 2015年第1期1卷 16-26页

作者： Yang Du Jin-liang Zhang Shu-fen Zheng Jun Xin Jie Chen Yi-Zhen Li Southwest Petroleum Universtiy ChengduSichuan 610000China Geology and Exploration Research Institute of CCDC CNPCChengduSichuan 610500China

This paper studies the lithofacies,sedimentary facies,depositional models and reservoir architecture of the rudist-bearing Sar-3 zone of Cretaceous Sarvak in the Southwest of Iran by utilizing coring,thin section,XRD data of five coring wells and 3D seismic data.Research results include the following:According to lithofacies features and their association,the rudist-mound and tidal flat are the main microfacies in the Sar-3 depositional time.By investigating the regional tectonic setting and seismic interpretation,a depositional model was built for the Sar-3 zone,which highlights four key points:1)The distribution of the rudist-buildup is controlled by the paleo-high.2)The build-up outside of the wide colonize stage but reached the wave-base level in a short time by regression and formation uplift,and was destroyed by the high energy current,then forming the moundy allochthonous deposition after being dispersed and redeposited.3)The tidal flat develops widely in the upper Sar-3,and the deposition thickness depends on the paleo-structure.The tidal channel develops in the valley and fringe of the Paleo-structure.4)The exposure within the leaching effect by the meteoric water of the top of Sar-3 is the main controlling factor of the reservoir vertical architecture.The Sar-3 zone featured as the dualistic architecture consists of two regions:the lower is the rudist reef limestone reservoir and the upper is the tidal condense limestone interlayer.The thickness of each is controlled by the paleo-structure.The Paleo-high zone is the preferential development zone.Based on reservoir characteristics of the different zones,a targeted development strategy has been proposed.Keeping the trajectory in the middle of the oillayer in the paleo-high,and in the paleo-low,make the trajectory crossing the oil-zone and then keep it in the lower.

关键词： Iran Southwest Iran Sarvak Lithology facies Depositional model reservoir architecture Development strategy

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Sedimentary and reservoir architectures of MB1-2 sub-member of Middle Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of Halfaya Oilfield in Iraq

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第4期47卷 762-772页

作者： SUN Wenju QIAO Zhanfeng SHAO Guanming SUN Xiaowei GAO Jixian CAO Peng ZHANG Jie CHEN Wangang PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China China United Coalbed Methane Corp. Ltd.Beijing 100011China PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023China CNPC Key Laboratory of Carbonate reservoir Hangzhou 310023China

Based on comprehensive analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary and reservoir architectures of the MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya Oilfield,Iraq,are studied.The MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation has three types of microfacies,lagoon,bioclastic shoal,and tidal channel,and facies architecture controlled by sequence stratigraphy.In the 4th-order sequence,the lagoon facies aggradated vertically,and the bioclastic shoals in lenticular shape embed in the background of lagoon,the end of the sequence is incised by the"meandering river"shape tide channel,which represents the depositional discontinuity.Three types of reservoirs including tidal channel grainstone to packstone reservoirs,bioclastic shoal grainstone to packstone reservoirs and dissolved lagoon wackestone reservoirs are developed.The reservoir architectures within tidal channel and bioclastic shoal are strickly controlled by grainy facies,whereas the dissolved lagoon reservoirs controlled by both facies and dissolution are related to the sequence boundary.The reservoir sections occur mainly in the 4 th sequence highstand systems tract(HST)and are separated by barriers formed in the transgressive systems tract(TST).Complicated facies architecture and dissolution modification resulted in strong heterogeneity within the reservoir,which showed the characteristics of"attic type"architecture.The results of this study can guide the development of similar reservoirs in the Middle East.

关键词： Iraq Halfaya Oilfield Cretaceous Mishrif Formation sedimentary microfacies reservoir architecture

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architecture mode, sedimentary evolution and controlling factors of deepwater turbidity channels： A case study of the M Oilfield in West Africa

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Petroleum Science 2017年第3期14卷 493-506页

作者： Wen-Biao Zhang Tai-Zhong Duan Zhi-Qiang Liu Yan-Feng Liu Lei Zhao Rui Xu Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Turbidity channels have been considered as one of the important types of deepwater reservoir, and the study of their architecture plays a key role in efficient development of an oil field. To better understand the reservoir architecture of the lower Congo Basin M oilfield, semiquantitative–quantitative study on turbidity channel depositional architecture patterns in the middle to lower slopes was conducted with the aid of abundant high quality materials（core, outcrop, logging and seismic data）,employing seismic stratigraphy, seismic sedimentology and sedimentary petrography methods. Then, its sedimentary evolution was analyzed accordingly. The results indicated that in the study area, grade 3 to grade 5 architecture units were single channel, complex channel and channel systems, respectively. Single channel sinuosity is negatively correlated with the slope, as internal grains became finer and thickness became thinner from bottom to top, axis to edge. The migration type of a single channel within one complex channel can be lateral migration and along paleocurrent migration horizontally, and lateral,indented and swing stacking in section view. Based on external morphological characteristics and boundaries,channel systems are comprised of a weakly confining type and a non-confining type. The O73 channel system can be divided into four complex channels named S1–S4, from bottom to top, with gradually less incision and more accretion. The study in this article will promote deeper understanding of turbidity channel theory, guide 3D geological modeling in reservoir development and contribute to efficient development of such reservoirs.

关键词： reservoir architecture Turbidity channelSedimentary evolution Deep water Shallow seismicControlling factors

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Sedimentary characteristics of turbidite fan and its implication for hydrocarbon exploration in Lower Congo Basin

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Petroleum Research 2018年第2期3卷 189-196页

作者： Yanqing Huang SINOPEC Exploration&Production Research Institute Beijing100083China

The turbidite is favorable for accumulation of oil and gas and it is the most important reservoir in the deepwater area of West Africa.Currently,some commercial discoveries in such the deepwater area generally belong to turbidite sandstone reservoirs.Based on comprehensive analysis of lithology,lithofacies and configuration of the turbidite,and combined with changes of seismic attributes and sedimentary cycle,the turbidite in the deepwater area of West Africa can be classified into by-pass channel(including the constructive by-pass channel and the erosive by-pass channel),confined channel complex,weakly confined channel complex,and lobe.Different types of turbidite reservoirs have different physical property,so there are differences in hydrocarbon exploration potential;the sandstone in the weakly confined channel complex is the key exploration target in the deepwater area of the Angola Sea.

关键词： Turbidite Channel Sandstone reservoir architecture Seismic attributes Lower Congo Basin West Africa

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Architectural Units and Groundwater Resource Quantity Evaluation of Cretaceous Sandstones in the Ordos Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 249-262页

作者： WU Liqun JIAO Yangquan ZHU Peimin LEI Xinrong WANG Yonghe Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Hubei China Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Hubei China Institute of geophysics and geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Hubei China Faculty of material science and chemistry China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Hubei China Xi'an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Xi'an 710054 Shannxi China

Sandstone is a common lithology in a number of groundwater reservoirs. Studying the skeleton sandstone architectural units, therefore, lays the basis for characterizing aquifer systems, groundwater quality, and resource evaluation. This comprehensive analysis of Cretaceous aquiferous sandstones in the Ordos basin, China, shows that there exists a basin-scale skeleton sandstone in the Luohe Formation which contains 11 isolated barrier beds, 12 small skeleton sandstone bodies in Huanhe Formation, and 3 in the Luohandong Formation. The spatial structure and superimposed relationship as well as the medium properties of these skeleton sandstones and isolated barrier beds can be shown by 3D visualization models. Simultaneously, resource quantity can be evaluated with the 3D inquiry functions. The comparison between property models and structural models indicates that the salinity of groundwater of the Luohe Formation has a close connection with the locations of isolated barrier beds that contain abundant gypsum. Through quantitative calculation, groundwater resource of the Cretaceous Luohe and Luohandong formations is estimated to be 1.6×10-（12） m-3, and the total groundwater resource of the Cretaceous system in the Ordos basin is more than 2×10-（12） m-3.

关键词： skeleton sandstone reservoir architecture groundwater Cretaceous Ordos basin

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Seismic Sedimentology Interpretation Method of Meandering Fluvial reservoir:From Model to Real Data

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第4期26卷 598-606页

作者： Tao Zhang Xianguo Zhang Chengyan Lin Jingfeng Yu Shouxiu Zhang College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute Xinjiang Oilfield Company Dongxin Oil Production Plant Shengli Oilfield Company

reservoir architecture of meandering river deposition is complex and traditional seismic facies interpretation method cannot characterize it when layer thickness is under seismic vertical reso- lution. In this study, a seismic sedimentology interpretation method and workflow for point bar char- acterization is built. Firstly, the influences of seismic frequency and sandstone thickness on seismic re- flection are analyzed by outcrop detection with ground penetrating radar （GPR） and seismic forward modeling. It is found that （1） sandstone thickness can influence seismic reflection of point bar architecture. With the increasing of sandstone thickness from 1/4 wavelength （λ） to λ/2, seismic reflection geometries various from ambiguous reflection, ＂V＂ type reflection to ＂X＂ type reflection; （2） seismic frequency can influence reservoirs＇ seismic reflection geometry. Seismic events follow inclined lateral aggradation surfaces, which is isochronic depositional boundaries, in high frequency seismic data while the events extend along lithologic surfaces, which are level, in low frequency data. Secondly, strata slice interpretation method for thin layer depositional characterization is discussed with seismic forward modeling. Lastly, a method and workflow based on the above study is built which includes seismic frequency analysis, 90° phasing, stratal slicing and integrated interpretation of slice and seismic profile. This method is used in real data study in Tiger shoal, the Gulf of Mexico. Two episodes of meandering fluvial deposition is recognized in the study layer. Sandstone of the lower unit, which is formed in low base level stage, distributes limited. Sandstone distribution dimension and channel sinuosity become larger in the upper layer, which is high base level deposition.

关键词： point bar reservoir architecture seismic sedimentology stratal slice.

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