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reproductive isolation between sympatric sister species, Mussaenda kwangtungensis and M. pubescens var. alba

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第10期57卷 859-870页

作者： Zhonglai Luo Tingting Duan Shuai Yuan Shi Chen Xiufeng Bai Dianxiang Zhang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beneficial Insects Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Department of Cell Biology the Third Military Medical University

reproductive isolation defines the biological species concept and plays a key role in the formation and maintenance of species. The relative contributions of different isolating stages has been suggested to be closely associated with phylogenetic relatedness. Few studies have focused on the relative contributions of pre- versus post-zygotic mechanisms, and even fewer have been conducted under strict phylogenetic frameworks. Pre-and post-zygotic reproductive isolation stages have been investigated in the sister species Mussaenda kwangtungensis and M. pubescens var. alba. The two species have partly overlapping distribu-tion ranges and flowering times, while the principal pollinators differed strikingly for them, demonstrating strong pre-zygotic isolations. Natural hybrids were detected by simple sequence repeat markers and their maternal parents were identified based on chloroplast gene sequen-ces. Five out of 81 individuals were suggested to be hybrids that fall into the categories F2, BC1, and BC2 by the NewHybrids analysis. Interspecific crossings resulted in significantly reduced fruit set and seed germination rates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed short Kimura-2-parameter distance between M. kwangtungensis and M. pubescens var. alba. These findings strongly supported the hypothesis that for species with a closer phylogenetic relationship, pre-zygotic isolation plays an important part in limiting gene exchange in sympatric areas.

关键词： Hybridization microsatellites Mussaenda phylogenetic analysis reproductive isolation

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Divergence in flowering time is a major component contributing to reproductive isolation between two wild rice species(Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 1714-1724页

作者： Xun Xu Qing-Lin Meng Mu-Fan Geng Ning-Ning Ren Lian Zhou Yu-Su Du Zhe Cai Mei-Xia Wang Xin Wang Xiu-Hua Wang Jing-Dan Han Shuai Jiang Chun-Yan Jing Rong Liu Xiao-Ming Zheng Qing-Wen Yang Fu-Min Zhang Song Ge State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

It is of critical importance for our understanding of speciation process to determine the forms of reproductive isolation and their relative importance in species divergence. Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon are direct ancestors of Asian cultivated rice and a progenitor-daughter species pair. Investigating the reproductive isolation between them provides insights into plant speciation and helps understanding of the rice domestication. Here, we quantitatively measured the major components of reproductive isolation between the two species based on common garden and crossing experiments for three pairs of sympatric populations in Nepal, Cambodia and Laos.We revealed significant differences in the flowering times between species pairs, with O. nivara flowering much earlier than O. rufipogon. A very weak reduction in seed set but no reduction in F1 viability and fertility were detected for the crosses between species relative to those within species. Moreover, we detected asymmetrical compatibility between species and found that emasculation significantly decreased pollination success in O. nivara but not in O. rufipogon.Our study demonstrates that the divergence between O. nivara and O. rufipogon is maintained almost entirely by the difference in flowering times and suggests that differential flowering times contribute to both habitat preferences and reproductive isolation between species.

关键词： reproductive isolation flowering time speciation adaptation Oryza species

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Karyotype differentiation and reproductive isolation among natural populations of Drosophila lacertosa

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Cell Research 2003年第6期13卷 491-497页

作者： HIDE AKI WATABE TADASHI AOTSUKA Biological Laboratory Sapporo College Hokkaido University of Education Sapporo 002-8502 Japan Department of Biology Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji-shi 192-0397

Drosophila lacertosa is widely distributed from northern India to Far East of Russia throughout China. We have studied geographical distributions of three kinds of chromosomal karyotypes, type D (2n=10, 4 pairs of V-shaped metacentric chromosomes and a pair of micro-chromosomes), type L (2n=10, 5V with a pair of large-sized hetero chromatic autosomes) and type M (2n=10, 5V with middle-sized ones). Type D was found exclusively in local populations of D. lacertosa distributed in Yun-Gui Plateau, southwestern China. Both type L and M have a wide range of distribution, and the former occurred in subtropical regions of China including Taiwan Island, whereas the latter in cool temperate regions of East Asia covering Far East of Russia, Korea and the Japan Islands. A strong pre mating isolation was detected between flies with type D and those with type L or M. These data demonstrate that genetic differentiation leading to cryptic speciation might have occurred in natural populations of Drosophila lacertosa.

关键词： Drosophila lacertosa karyotype differentiation geographic distribution reproductive isolation cryptic speciation.

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The molecular and evolutionary basis of reproductive isolation in plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第11期45卷 613-620页

作者： Yidan Ouyang Qifa Zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

reproductive isolation is defined as processes that prevent individuals of different populations from mating, survival or producing fertile offspring. reproductive isolation is critical for driving speciation and maintaining species identity, which has been a fundamental concern in evolutionary biology. In plants,reproductive isolation can be divided into prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers, according to its occurrence at different developmental stages. Postzygotic reproductive isolation caused by reduced fitness in hybrids is frequently observed in plants, which hinders gene flow between divergent populations and has substantial effects on genetic differentiation and speciation, and thus is a major obstacle for utilization of heterosis in hybrid crops. During the past decade, China has made tremendous progress in molecular and evolutionary basis of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers in plants. Present understandings in reproductive isolation especially with new data in the last several years well support three evolutionary genetic models, which represent a general mechanism underlying genomic differentiation and speciation. The updated understanding will offer new approaches for the development of wide-compatibility or neutral varieties, which facilitate breeding of hybrid rice as well as other hybrid crops.

关键词： reproductive isolation Parallel divergence model Sequential divergence model Parallel-sequential divergence model Hybrid sterility Hybrid necrosis/weakness Hybrid lethality Wide-compatibility

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Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics, and floral reproductive isolation among closely related species of Pedicularis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第2期58卷 178-187页

作者： Ya-Nan Liu Yan Li Fu-Sheng Yang Xiao-Quan Wang State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Institute of Alpine Economic Plant Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lijiang 674100 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Floral nectar is thought to be one of the most important rewards that attract pollinators in Pedicularis; however, few studies have examined variation of nectary structure and/or nectar secretion in the genus, particularly among closely related species. Here we investigated nectary morphology, nectar quality, and nectar production dynamics in flowers of Pedicularis section Cyathophora. We found a conical floral nectary at the base of the ovary in species of the rex-thamnophila clade. Stomata were found on the sudace of the nectary, and copious starch grains were detected in the nectary tissues. In contrast, a semi-annular nectary was found in flowers of the species of the superba clade. Only a few starch grains were observed in tissues of the semi-annular nectary, and the nectar sugar concentration in these flowers was much lower than that in the flowers of the rexthamnophila clade. Our results indicate that the floral nectary has experienced considerable morphological, structural, and functional differentiation among closely related species of Pedicularis. This could have affected nectar production, leading to a shift of the pollination mode. Our results also imply that variation of the nectary morphology and nectar production may have played an important role in the speciation of sect. Cyathophora.

关键词： Pedicularis nectary nectar pollination reproductive isolation speciation section Cyathophora

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Genetic effect of three ORFs at S5 loci,to regulate the reproductive isolation in indica-japonica subspecies of rice

Genetic effect of three ORFs at S5 loci,to regulate the repr...

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2018中国作物学会学术年会

作者：郭洁 Chuanguang Liu Xinqiao Zhou Dagang Chen Pingli Chen Kangli Sun Guang Tang Guiquan Zhang Youding Chen Rice Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding South China Agricultural University

reproductive isolation in indica-japonica subspecies of rice was important for the maintenance and development of species,but it hampered the exploitation of the great heterosis and limited the communication of the favorable genes from indica and japonica varieties.It was controlled by multiple genes in rice.Among them,three ORFs at S5 loci were the important genes to control reproductive isolation in indicajaponica subspecies.In this project,some typical indica and japonica varieties were used as the major objects to acquire F hybrids and F segregation population from the combination of different genotypes at S5 loci,in ordering to analyze the genetic effect of three ORFs at S5 loci to control the reproductive isolation in indicajaponica subspecies.As a result,the F hybrid in different 11 genotypes of ORF3,ORF4 and ORFS at S5 loci showed different spikelet fertility,ranging from 3.69%to 92.48%.Among all crosses,distorted segregation from the Mendelian segregation ratio at S5 loci was only observed in F populations from ORF3+ORF4+ORF5+/ORF3-ORF4+ORF5-and ORF3+ORF4-ORF5+/ORF3-ORF4+ORF5-combinations,due to ORF3-ORF4+ORF5-allele aborted in varying degrees.In addition,a new phenomenon that the premature death of some plants with heterozygous at S5 loci in bud or seedling stage occurred in F segregation populations from indica and japonica varieties,especial in ORF3+ORF4+ORF5+/ORF3-ORF4+ORF5-combinations,Which may be caused by the allelic interaction of three ORFs at S5 locus.All these results suggested that ORF3,ORF4,ORF5 these three genes at S5 loci could regulate the fertility of F hybrid and the death of heterozygous genotype plants in F populations from the crosses between indica and japonica rice,leading to limit the restructuring of favorable genes from indica and japonica parents in F population.Our project revealed the complexity of the reproductive isolation,and showed the genetic effect of S5 loci in regulating reproductive isolation in indica-japonica subspecies.It would offer some valuable guidance for th

关键词： reproductive isolation S5 loci Hybrid sterility Segregation population Death of heterozygous genotype plants

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Multiple lines of evidence supports the two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)as two species

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Plant Diversity 2022年第3期44卷 290-299页

作者： Jin-Feng Wu Dong-Rui Jia Rui-Juan Liu Zhi-Li Zhou Lin-Lin Wang Min-Yu Chen Li-Hua Meng Yuan-Wen Duan School of Life Sciences Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650092PR China School of Ecology and Environmental Science&Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091PR China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001PR China The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at KunmingKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPR China Yunnan Lijiang Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang 674100YunnanPR China

Delimiting species requires multiple sources of evidence.Here,we delimited two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)using several lines of evidence,including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatric population,phylogenetic relationships based on nrITS and cpDNA(rpl16)data,and complete chloroplast genome sequences.Comparative analysis of 21 morphological traits clearly separates the two varieties of H.elliptica.Examination of the flowering process and pollination treatments indicate that H.elliptica var.grandiflora produces seeds via outcrossing,whereas H.elliptica var.elliptica produces seeds via mixed mating.Furthermore,hand-pollinated hybridization of the two varieties produced no seeds.Observations of pollinators showed that when bees began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.grandiflora they preferred to continue pollinating this variety;however,when they began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.elliptica,they showed no preference for either variety.Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyly of H.elliptica,which was further divided into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two varieties.A large number of variants from the chloroplast genomes reflected remarkable genetic dissimilarities between the two varieties of H.elliptica.We recommend that the two varieties of H.elliptica should be revised as two species(H.elliptica and H.grandiflora).Our findings indicate that H.elliptica varieties may have split into two separate species due to a shift in mating system,changes in flowering phenology and/or post-pollination reproductive isolation.

关键词： Halenia elliptica Flowering phenology Mating system reproductive isolation Monophyly Species delimitation

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Proteomic analysis of F_(1)hybrids and intermediate variants in a Littorina saxatilis hybrid zone

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 351-359页

作者： Angel P.DIZ Mónica R.ROMERO Juan GALINDO María SAURA David O.F.SKIBINSKI Emilio ROLÁN-ALVAREZ Centro de Investigación Mariña(CIM-UVIGO) Universidade de VigoVigo 36310Spain Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal INIAMadrid 28040Spain Institute of Life Science Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea SA28PPUK

Proteomic analysis was carried out on the Crab(upper-shore)and Wave(lower-shore)ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis from a hybrid zone at Silleiro Cape,Spain.Proteome profiles of individual snails were obtained.Protein expression in F_(1)hybrid snails bred in the laboratory and snails with intermediate shell phenotypes collected from the mid-shore were compared with Crab and Wave ecotypes using analytical approaches used to study dominance.Multivariate analysis over many protein spots showed that the F_(1)snails are distinct from both ecotypes but closer to the Wave ecotype.The intermediate snails are highly variable,some closer to the Crab and others to the Wave ecotype.Considered on a protein by protein basis,some proteins are significantly closer in expression to the Crab and others to the Wave ecotype for both F_(1)and intermediate snails.Furthermore,a significant majority of proteins were closer in expression to the Wave ecotype for the F_(1),consistent with the multivariate analysis.No such significant majority toward either the Crab or Wave ecotype was observed for the intermediate snails.The closer similarity of F_(1)and Wave ecotype expression patterns could be the result of similar selective pressures in the similar mid-shore and low-shore environments.For a significantly larger number of proteins,intermediate snails were closer in expression to the ecotype having the lower expression,for both Crab and Wave ecotypes.This is somewhat unexpected as lower expression might be expected to be an indication of impairment of function and lower fitness.Proteomic analysis could be important for the identification of candidate proteins useful for gaining improved understanding of adaptation and barriers to gene flow in hybrid zones.

关键词： F_(1)hybrids gene expression marine invertebrates molecular phenotype reproductive isolation speciation

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Pre-and post-pollination barriers between two exotic and five native Sagittaria species:Implications for species conservation

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Plant Diversity 2023年第4期45卷 456-468页

作者： Ting-Ting Zou Sen-Tao Lyu Qi-Lin Jiang Shu-He Shang Xiao-Fan Wang Laboratory of Plant Systematics and Evolutionary Biology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Anthropogenic introduction of species has resulted in a breakdown of geographical barriers and hybridization in previously allopatric species.Thus,examining hybridization proneness of exotic species contributes to revealing its potential threat.Moreover,reproductive barriers may be strengthened or weakened due to long-term geographical isolation for these newly sympatric species.However,few studies have evaluated multiple barriers between alien and native species.In this study,we quantified the importance of four pre-pollination barriers(phenological,floral traits,pollen production,and floral constancy)and four post-pollination barriers(pollen-pistil incompatibility,seed set,seed viability,and seedling survival)between two introduced and five native Sagittaria species.Results showed that introduced S.platyphylla was cross-compatible with two native species,whereas introduced S.montevidensis was incapable of hybridizing with any native species.Different barriers were asymmetric within species pairs and multiple barriers acted in concert to maintain species boundaries.Postpollination barriers contributed more to total reproductive isolation in native species,whereas prepollination barriers played a stronger role in total reproductive isolation for two introduced species.Seed set was the only barrier that was positively correlated with genetic distance.Our results provide a perspective to better understand reproductive barriers for secondary contact species.We highlight the importance of monitoring hybridization events before human introduction and the possible conservation strategies to remove invasive species with hybridization proneness.

关键词： Alismataceae Introduced species Conservation Hybridization reproductive isolation Sagittaria

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Genomic clines across the species boundary between a hybrid pine and its progenitor in the eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 240-254页

作者： Jing-Fang Guo Wei Zhao Bea Andersson Jian-Feng Mao Xiao-Ru Wang National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and BreedingKey Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental PlantsMinistry of EducationCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Ecology and Environmental Science UmeåPlant Science CentreUmeåUniversity90187 UmeåSweden

Most species have clearly defined distribution ranges and ecological niches.The genetic and ecological causes of species differentiation and the mechanisms that maintain species boundaries between newly evolved taxa and their progenitors are,however,less clearly defined.This study investigated the genetic structure and clines in Pinus densata,a pine of hybrid origin on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,to gain an understanding of the contemporary dynamics of species barriers.We analyzed genetic diversity in a range-wide collection of P.densata and representative populations of its progenitors,Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus yunnanensis,using exome capture sequencing.We detected four distinct genetic groups within P.densata that reflect its migration history and major gene-flow barriers across the landscape.The demographies of these genetic groups in the Pleistocene were associated with regional glaciation histories.Interestingly,population sizes rebounded rapidly during interglacial periods,suggesting persistence and resilience of the species during the Quaternary ice age.In the contact zone between P.densata and P.yunnanensis,3.36%of the analyzed loci(57849)showed exceptional patterns of introgression,suggesting their potential roles in either adaptive introgression or reproductive isolation.These outliers showed strong clines along critical climate gradients and enrichment in a number of biological processes relevant to high-altitude adaptation.This indicates that ecological selection played an important role in generating genomic heterogeneity and a genetic barrier across a zone of species transition.Our study highlights the forces that operate to maintain species boundaries and promote speciation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and other mountain systems.

关键词： ecological selection demographic history genomic cline introgression outliers reproductive isolation species boundary

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