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reproductive biology of bream Abramis brama (L.) in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River, China

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第6期35卷 1471-1481页

作者：张志明刘成杰丁慧萍谢鹏马徐发郭焱谢从新 College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Institute of Hydroecology MWR & CAS Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Fisheries Research of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

The reproductive biology of bream Ahramis brama （L.） was studied from 546 fish collected from the lower reaches of the Irtysh River in Xinjiang, north-west China, from March to November 2013. The overall sex ratio （M/F） was 1.06：1, and was not significantly different from the theoretical 1：1 ratio （P〉0.5）. However, there was a dominance of males during the pre-spawning season （ 1.33 in March and 1.56 in April, P〈0.5）, while females were dominant during the peak spawning season （0.88 in June, P〈0.5）. The monthly variation in gonadosomatic index （GSI） and proportion of gonads at each macroscopic maturity stage, indicated that A. brama spawned once a year with peak spawning occurring from late May to June. The unimodal distribution of oocyte diameter each month indicated that A. brama is a single spawner, with a high degree of spawning synchronicity. The standard lengths （SLs0） and ages （As0） at first maturity for males and females, were 178 and 204 mm, and 5.6 and 6.8 years, respectively. The mean absolute fecundity （AF） was 77 311 eggs per fish, and mean relative fecundity （RF） was 162 eggs per gram of body weight （BW）. The AF ofA. brama increased linearly with increasing of gonad weight （GW）, eviscerated weight （EW） and standard length （SL）, but was not significantly correlated with age. As, A. brama in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River reaches reproductive maturity relatively late in their life span, is mature for a short period and spawns in aggregations, this fish is vulnerable to overexploitation.

关键词： reproductive biology sex ratio maturity spawning period fecundity Abramis brama

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reproductive biology of Yellowfin Tuna T. albacares in the West-Central Indian Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2008年第3期7卷 327-332页

作者： ZHU Guoping XU Liuxiong ZHOU Yingqi SONG Liming College of Marine Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 200090 P. R. China The Key Laboratoy of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation of Shanghai Education Commission Shanghai 200090 P R. China

Survey of yellowfin tuna in the west-central Indian Ocean was conducted on board of Chinese longliners during 2003,2004 and 2005,which is a part of Chinese Tuna Fishery Scientific Observer Program(CTFSOP) . The reproductive biology has been investigated. A total of 1 023 samples are collected including 417 ovaries and 606 testes. Spawning activities of yellowfin tuna have been studied for both male and female from January to June. The data showed that the average monthly sex ratio is 0.59,and the minimum length at sexual maturity is 101 cm for female and 110 cm for male respectively. Length at 50% sexual maturity is esti-mated at 113.77 cm for female and 120.20 cm for male,whereas maturation rate is 0.066 cm-1 for female and 0.091 cm-1 for male. Sex ratio by length class indicates that the proportion of male is higher than female's along with size increasing;for instance,in the group of the body length longer than 145 cm,some females have their body length from 145 to 160 cm and males have their body length at 160 cm and even longer. Statistically,yellowfin tuna has a significant seasonal reproduction.

关键词： reproductive biology yellowfin tuna T. albacares west-central Indian Ocean sex ratio

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reproductive biology of the Striped Seabream Lithognathus mormyrus （Linnaeus, 1758） from AI-Haneah Fishing Site, Mediterranean Sea, Eastern Libya

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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第4期10卷 171-181页

作者： Eyman Faraj Abd Alssalam Sayed Mohamed Ali Mohammad E1 Sayed E1 Sayed El Mor Ramadan Attea Saleh Ali Eman Salem AI Fergani Department of Zoology Omar Al-Mukhtar University AI Beida Libya Department of Science Suez Canal University Egypt

reproductive biology of L. mormyrus was studied using monthly samples totaling 224 fish obtained from AI-Haneah fishing site, eastern Libya Mediterranean Sea. Lengths of the examined fish ranged between 11.5 cm and 23.4 cm. Corresponding weights were 24.5 g and 160.8 g. The minimum values of the condition factors, KF and Kc, were 1.38 and 1.21 at the average fish length of 12.4 cm. These values increased with increases in length until they reached maximum values of 1.59 and 1.41 at the length of 22.1 cm. The high values of KF and Kc, Gonado-Somatic Index and oocyte diameter maintained during May, June, July, and August and the monthly changes in gonadal condition, indicated that summer was the breeding season of L. mormyrus. The oocyte diameter ranged between 379± 25.3 μ and 1,511 ± 143.3μ （n = 76） with an average of 895 ± 111.3 μ. The sex ratio was in favor of females during all months of the study. The overall sex ratio was 1 ： 1.52. Length at first maturity, Ls0, for L. mormyrus was found to be 14.15 cm for males and 14.45 for females. Overall average of absolute fecundity was 4,342±557 egg per fish （n = 45）. The overall average of relative fecundity was 234± 181 egg per cm. Absolute fecundity increased with increasing fish length.

关键词： reproductive biology length at first maturity oocyte diameter fecundity striped Seabream Lithognathus mormyrus.

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Characteristics of reproductive biology for Larix Originating in Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 1998年第1期9卷 51-53页

作者：石福臣颜廷芬祖元刚 Open Research Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Northeast Forestry University Harbin P. R. China (GRID:grid.412246.7) (ISNI:***)

The paper summarized the life cycle ,environmental features and distributions of Larix origination in *** time of blooming and fruiting and the ways of cone collection and seeds storage were *** treating methods of seeds germination and the sowing time for both Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Carr)and Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii *** Pilger) were discussed.

关键词： reproductive biology Larix kaempferr Larix gmelinii

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Studies on the reproductive biology and Endangerment Mechanism of the Endangered Plant Manglietia aromatica

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2003年第3期45卷 311-316页

作者：潘跃芝梁汉兴龚洵中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明650204

The embryogenesis, pollen germination, floral character and seed physiology of the endangered plant Manglietia aromatica Dandy were investigated. Based on this study, this species has very low seed set rate. The abortion rate of functional megaspores in all the ovules is 27.9%, the egg cell abortion rate of mature embryo sacs is up to 80%, and the germination rate of pollen grains is as low as nearly 0.01%. In addition, the floral structure appears to be another limited factor for the effective pollination of this species. The endangerment mechanism of this species seems to be comprehensive. Human's destroying actions are the direct factors that have made the population degenerate quickly; low reproductive ability and the destroyed environments are the main reasons that prevent the population from renovating and spreading. Therefore, the conservation measures suggested by this study are to research the breed technology, artificial population renovating, in situ conservation, and ex situ conservation.

关键词： endangered plant Manglietia aromatica reproductive biology endangerment mechanisms

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The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Population Structure and reproductive biology of Idotea balthica basteri (Isopoda, Valvifera) of the Bizerte Lagoon (Northern Tunisia)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第4期6卷 206-218页

作者： Wahiba Zaabar Faouzia Charfi-Cheikhrouha Mohamed Sghaier Achouri Unité de Recherche de Bio-Ecologie et Systématique Evolutive (UR11ES11) Faculté des Sciences de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar Manar II Tunisia

The reproductive biology of a natural population of Idotea balthica basteri (Pallas, 1772) collected from Menzel Jemil (Bizerte lagoon, Tunisia) was monthly studied from October 2009 to October 2010. Besides water temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, and dissolved oxygen were measured. Based on the state of differentiation of individuals, the population was divided into 8 categories. Their numbers depend on the one hand to intrinsic factors imposed by the specimens and the structure of the population themselves, and to extrinsic factors due to the variability of environmental conditions on the other hand. Females were morphologically recognisable at smaller size than males. reproductive activity, which was reflected through the presence of ovigerous females and juveniles, underwent fluctuations throughout the year, but it was continuous. Moreover, salinity, temperature, nitrates, and plant biomass have a noticeable effect on the fecundity and fertility. The Principal Component Analysis also confirmed that the richness of the water in nitrates would be favorable to fecundity and fertility of Idotea balthica basteri. However, higher phosphate concentrations, in April and May seem to have a positive effect on the sex ratio. Otherwise, the temperature would be responsible for increasing the percentage of ovigerous females.

关键词： Population Structure reproductive biology Environmental Factors Idotea balthica Mediterranean Lagoon Tunisia

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Study of the growth,reproductive biology and abundance for invasive shrimps Palaemon elegans Rathke from Garmat Ali river Basrah,Southern Iraq

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第7期4卷 536-540页

作者： Khaled Khasaf Al-Khafaji Imad Hadi Al Qarooni Murtatha Youssef Al Abbad Nada Moffed Abd Al-Lateef Marine biology Department Marine Science CentreUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq biology Department Education College for Pure SciencesUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq

Objective:To describe the growth,reproductive biology and abundance of the population of invasive shrimps Palaemon elegans(***)in one of the branches of Garmat Ali river at Basrah,Southern ***:Monthly samples of the prawn *** were collected with a bottom hand net(40 cm,0.5 mm mesh)hauled over a distance of 10 m.A simple random sampling was conducted monthly between December 2012 and November ***:Seasonal changes were observed in the composition of the population of the species during the study year with the highest abundance in 2013 and the lowest abundance for the males was reported in January and for the females occurred in *** showed a significant correlation with the abundance of shrimps at the sampling *** largest female measured 67.90 mm while the corresponding value for males was 61.31 *** proportion of ovigerous adults rose during spring season to peak on about July and ovigerous prawns were taken in all months of the *** sex ratio indicated a preponderance of females over males in all months in the study *** females produced around 36-1324 eggs and the incubation period lasted for 11-14 days at 17-29°***:The results of the present study indicate that this species has a wide distribution range,high density,and great reproduction *** study reveals the lack of researches on this species in environments of Shatt Al-Arab river and its ***,*** has most likely formed a permanent population in all the brackish waters in Basrah area.

关键词： Palaemon elegans reproductive biology Density Population structure Sex ratio Fecundity

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reproductive toxicity assessment of benzo[a]pyrene in the marine polychaete Perinereis nuntia

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第4期35卷 867-873页

作者：吴清洋王树启陈晓鹏李平 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine biology Shantou University Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Shantou

Benzo[a]pyrene （B[a]P） is an increasingly present marine environmental pollutant, yet our understanding of the long-term consequences of reproductive toxicity in marine benthic polychaetes remains limited. To test the reproductive toxicity of B[a]P on polychaetes, Perinereis nuntia was exposed to B[a]P-contaminated artificial seawater and sexual maturation, the sex ratio, number of eggs spawned, fertilization and hatching rated, as well as vitellogenin （VTG） mRNA expression levels were analyzed. A low concentration of B[a]P （2.5 gg/L） had no effects on the rate of sexual maturation, spawning, or fertilization but significantly increased the sex ratio （female： male） from 1.6±0.15：1 to 2.3±0.18：1, inhibited hatching rate by 27%, and significantly increased VTG mRNA expression level by 3.7-fold following a 60-day exposure, compared with those in the solvent controls. A higher concentration of B[a]P （25 μg/L） caused more serious effects; sexual maturation, fertilization success, and hatching decreased by 31%, 17% and 46%, respectively, and the sex ratio （female： male） and VTG mRNA gene expression level increased by 54% and 7.1-fold, respectively. These results demonstrate that sublethal concentrations of B[a]P negatively affect reproductive performance of the sandworm P. nuntia.

关键词： Perinereis nuntia benzo[a]pyrene reproductive biology vitellogenin

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The structures of floral organs and reproductive characteristics of an ornamental bamboo species,Pleioblastus pygmaeus

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第3期9卷 589-601页

作者： Wenjing Yao Chuanzhe Li Shuyan Lin Jianping Wang Tingting Fan Wanqi Zhao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210037China Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuaianJiangsu 223001China Department of Agronomy University of FloridaGainesville FL 32610USA

As a woody grass,bamboo has special reproductive habits with an extremely long vegetative *** pygmaeus is a kind of ornamental dwarf bamboo species with high ecological and economic value in *** was no documentary record of the flowering of *** until 2015,which bloomed in the Bamboo Garden of Nanjing Forestry ***,bamboo plants rarely bear fruit or have a low seed setting rate,but this species has a high seed *** study explores developmental reasons using anatomical *** process of flower bud differentiation and a series of important reproductive development processes including anther wall development,microsporogenesis,megasporogenesis,male and female gametophyte development,and embryonic development were investigated *** stamen contained three tetrasporangiate anthers and the development of anther wall was of Monocotyledonous *** microspores finally matured into 3-celled pollen grains by two successive *** pistil was composed of three carpels,with an anatropous,tenuinucellate and bitegmic ovule in a single *** formation of embryo sac belonged to Polygonum *** three mitoses,functional megaspore developed into the embryo sac with eight nuclei within seven *** development of stamen and pistil was synchronous in the same *** development of embryo followed Grass type and the development of endosperm belonged to Nuclear *** development of endosperm was earlier than that of *** study enriches basic knowledge of reproductive biology of bamboo plants and is of great fundamental significance to furtherly explore flowering mechanism of *** and to cultivate bamboo plants sustainably.

关键词： Pleioblastus pygmaeus Flower bud differentiation reproductive biology Morphology Anatomy

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reproductive characteristics of Psilorhynchus homaloptera Hora and Mukerji,1935 (Cyprinidae: Psilorhynchidae) in the lower Yarlung Zangbo River,Tibet

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第4期39卷 1513-1522页

作者： Pengcheng LIN Huaming HU Fei LIU Mingzheng LI Huanzhang LIU Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Psilorhynchus homaloptera mainly inhabits turbulent waters in the lower reach of the Yarlung Zangbo River,Tibet,China,and it is the only species of Psilorhynchus in ***,many important aspects of its biology remain poorly documented,which hinders the conservation eff ***,we studied its reproduction using 801 specimens from the Motuo sector of the lower Yarlung Zangbo River from December 2015 to November *** sex ratio was 0.68꞉1(male꞉female)for the overall *** reached a larger total length and weight(134 mm and 18.6 g)than males did(113 mm and 12.2 g).Lengths at maturity were estimated 80.0 mm for males and 93.1 mm for *** analyses of gonad development and the size distribution of oocytes suggest that *** is a single spawner with the peak spawning period between September and ***,the estimated mean absolute fecundity was 557±204 eggs per fish,and mean relative fecundity was 50.9±10.9 eggs per g of female *** fecundity of *** increased linearly with increasing total length,total weight,ovary weight,and *** study on the reproductive biology of *** demonstrates that the fish was in a vulnerable state due to the increasing anthropogenic activities in the lower Yarlung Zangbo River.

关键词： reproductive biology maturity spawning period fecundity environmental adaptation

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