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replanting Affects the Tree Growth and Fruit Quality of Gala Apple

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1699-1706页

作者： LIU En-tai WANG Gong-shuai LI Yuan-yuan SHEN Xiang CHEN Xue-sen SONG Fu-hai WU Shu-jing CHEN Qiang MAO Zhi-quan College of Horticultural Science and Engineering/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural University Qingdao Bright Moon Bluesea Bio-Tech Co Ltd. Faculty of Landscape Architecture College of Art Shandong Jianzhu University

Apple replant disease（ARD） causes the inhibition of root system development, stunts tree growth and so on. To further investigate the effects of ARD on apple fruits, a 25-year-old apple orchard was remediated to establish a replant orchard between November 2008 and March 2009. A rotational cropping orchard was established on an adjacent wheat field. The cultivar and rootstock-scion combination used in the newly established orchards was Royal Gala/M26/Malus hupehensis Rehd. Ripe fruits were collected in mid-August 2011 and mid-August 2012, meanwhile, the following indices were measured： yield per plant; fruit weight; the fruit shape index; the contents of anthocyanin, carotenoid and chlorophyll; the soluble sugar content in the flesh; titratable acid; the sugar-acid ratio; firmness; and aroma components; apple plant ground diameter, plant height increment and the total length of the current-year shoots. The results showed that compared to rotational cropping, continuous cropping yielded statistically significant reductions in fruit weight and yield per plant of 39.8 and 76.5%, respectively. However, there were no changes in the fruit shape index. The anthocyanin and carotenoid contents decreased by 81.7 and 37.7%, respectively, while the chlorophyll content increased by 251.0%. All of these differences in content were statistically significant. The soluble sugar levels and sugar-acid ratio decreased by 25.4 and 60.9%, respectively, but the titratable acid levels and fruit firmness increased by 90.9 and 42.8%, respectively. Ten of the most important esters contributing to the apple aroma were analyzed, and the following changes were observed： hexyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexyl butyrate, acetate-2-methyl butyl, 2-methyl-hexyl butyrate, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, 2-methyl-butyl butyrate, hexyl propionate and hexyl hexanoate decreased by 25.5, 78.4, 89.1, 55.5, 79.5, 77.2, 86.8, 69.9, 61.2, and 68.1%, respectively. The contents of three other aroma components,（E）-2-h

关键词： apple fruit replanting quality yield

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Towards Sustainable Oil Palm Plantation Management: Effects of Plantation Age and Soil Parent Material

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第1期11卷 54-70页

作者： Georges Kogge Kome Fritz Oben Tabi Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Republic of Cameroon

This study was conducted to generate information required to guide plantation management in relation to replanting on soils derived from different parent materials. Six oil palm estates in coastal lowlands of southwest Cameroon were considered. Oil palm yield data (in t⋅ha−1 of fresh fruit bunch, FFB) and corresponding age of palms (in years after planting, YAP) were obtained for the various estates. In all the estates, average yields were ⋅FFB⋅ha−1 and highly variable. Plantation age, solely, explained between 20% - 58% of the variation in yield. The highest average yields (11.5 t⋅FFB⋅ha−1) were obtained in plantations aged between 9 and 18 YAP and the lowest (4.66 t⋅FFB⋅ha−1) were obtained in old plantations (>23 YAP). Plantations located on volcanic parent materials generally had higher yields compared to those established on sedimentary parent materials. In order to intensify production and increase yields while conserving the environment, one important measure to consider is the replacement of aged palms, and the recommended optimal replanting age in coastal plains of southwest Cameroon should be at most 23 YAP. Estimated mean yields, if aged palms are replanted on time, can increase by 43% - 65%. Additionally, site-specific nutrient management options should be considered in plantation intensification programs.

关键词： Elaeis guineensis Yield Variation Coastal Plain Soils Intensification Oil Palm replanting Cameroon

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Maintaining Sustainability and Resilience in Rangeland Ecosystems

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Research in Ecology 2022年第2期4卷 51-55页

作者： Samuel Tuffa Oromia Agricultural Research Institute P.O.Box 81265Addis AbabaEthiopia

Rangelands contribute to human well-being ***,its fragile ecosystems are threatened due to inappropriate management that has been leading to its degradation in African rangelands in general and in Ethiopian rangelands in *** degradation is attributable to both natural and anthropogenic *** degraded areas by replanting using native species is one of the most promising sustainable rangeland management tools to fight the degradation in the rangelands and enhance resilience in the face of environmental *** improves vegetation cover and biomass yield and enhances other ecosystem *** drought-tolerant species have produced promising rehabilitation outcomes and have been recommended for the restoration of degraded rangeland *** using native species remains a viable sustainable management option to enhance resilience in the face of environmental ***,to maintain the sustainability and resilient rangeland ecosystems,comprehensive approaches and strategies suitable for rangelands need to be revitalized,developed,strengthened and promoted.

关键词： Savanna Restoration replanting Reseeding

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