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Optimized nitrogen application methods to improve nitrogen use efficiency and nodule nitrogen fixation in a maize-soybean relay intercropping system

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第3期17卷 664-676页

作者： YONG Tai-wen CHEN Ping DONG Qian DU Qing YANG Feng WANG Xiao-chun LIU Wei-guo YANG Wen-yu College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest Ministry of Agriculture Chengdu 611130 P.R. China Shehong Farm Bureau Suining 629200 PR.China

In China, the abuse of chemical nitrogen （N） fertilizer results in decreasing N use efficiency （NUE）, wasting resources and causing serious environmental problems. Cereal-legume intercropping is widely used to enhance crop yield and improve resource use efficiency, especially in Southwest China. To optimize N utilization and increase grain yield, we conducted a two-year field experiment with single-factor randomized block designs of a maize-soybean intercropping system （IMS）. Three N rates, NN （no nitrogen application）, LN （lower N application： 270 kg N ha-1）, and CN （conventional N application： 330 kg N ha-1）, and three topdressing distances of LN （LND）, e.g., 15 cm （LND1）, 30 cm （LND2） and 45 cm （LND3） from maize rows were evaluated. At the beginning seed stage （R5）, the leghemoglobin content and nitrogenase activity of LND3 were 1.86 mg plant-1 and 0.14 mL h-1 plant-1, and those of LND1 and LND2 were increased by 31.4 and 24.5%, 6.4 and 32.9% compared with LND3, respectively. The ureide content and N accumulation of soybean organs in LND1 and LND2 were higher than those of LND3. The N uptake, NUE and N agronomy efficiency （NAE） of IMS under CN were 308.3 kg ha-1, 28.5%, and 5.7 kg grain kg-1 N, respectively; however, those of LN were significantly increased by 12.4, 72.5, and 51.6% compared with CN, respectively. The total yield in LND1 and LND2 was increased by 12.3 and 8.3% compared with CN, respectively. Those results suggested that LN with distances of 15-30 cm from the topdressing strip to the maize row was optimal in maize-soybean intercropping. Lower N input with an optimized fertilization location for IMS increased N fixation and N use efficiency without decreasing grain yield.

关键词： relay intercropping lower nitrogen nitrogen use efficiency nitrogen fixation nitrogen uptake

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Coordinated responses of leaf and nodule traits contribute to the accumulation of N in relay intercropped soybean

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1910-1928页

作者： Ping Chen Qing Du Benchuan Zheng Huan Yang Zhidan Fu Kai Luo Ping Lin Yilin Li Tian Pu Taiwen Yong Wenyu Yang College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in SouthwestMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China

Maize(Zea mays L.)-soybean(Glycine max ***.)relay intercropping provides a way to enhance land ***,the late-planted soybean suffers from shading by the *** maize harvest,how the recovery growth influences the leaf and nodule traits remains unclear.A three-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of genotypes,i.e.,supernodulating(nts1007),Nandou 12(ND12),and Guixia 3(GX3),and crop configurations,i.e.,the interspecific row spacing of 45(I45),60(I60),75 cm(I75),and sole soybean(SS),on soybean recovery growth and N *** results showed that intercropping reduced the soybean total leaf area(LA)by reducing both the leaf number(LN)and unit leaflet area(LUA),and it reduced the nodule dry weight(NW)by reducing both the nodule number(NN)and nodule diameter(ND)compared with the *** correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)indicated a co-variability of the leaf and nodule traits in response to the genotype and crop configuration *** the recovery growth stages,the compensatory growth promoted soybean growth to reduce the gaps of leaf and nodule traits between intercropping and *** relative growth rates of ureide(RGR_U)and nitrogen(RGR_N)accumulation were higher in intercropping than in *** achieved more significant sucrose and starch contents compared with ***12 and GX3 showed more robust compensatory growth than nts1007 in *** the recovery growth of relay intercropping soybean improved biomass and nitrogen accumulation,ND12 gained a more significant partial land equivalent ratio(pLER)than *** I60 treatment achieved more robust compensation effects on biomass and N accumulation than the other ***,I60 showed a higher nodule sucrose content and greater shoot ureide and N accumulation than ***,intercropping ND12 with maize using an interspecific row spacing of 60 cm was optimal for both yield advantage and N accumulation.

关键词： relay intercropping genotype crop configuration symbiotic nitrogen fixation soybean nodule

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