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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第4期12卷 510-527页

作者： Jorge Salgado JoséRamírez-Álvarez Diego Mancheno Faculty of Economics Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador17012184QuitoPichinchaEcuador

The 16 April 2016 earthquake in Ecuador exposed the significant weaknesses concerning the methodological designs to compute—from an economic standpoint—the consequences of a natural hazard-related disaster for productive exchanges and the accumulation of capital in *** study addressed one of these challenges with an innovative ex ante model to measure the partial and net short-term effects of a natural hazard-related catastrophe from an interregional perspective,with the 16 April 2016 earthquake serving as a case *** general,the specified and estimated model follows the approach of the extended Miyazawa model,which endogenizes consumption demand in a standard input–output model with the subnational interrelations and resulting *** to the country’s limitations in its regional account records the input–output matrices for each province of Ecuador had to be estimated,which then allowed transactions carried out between any two sectors within or outside a given province to be identified by means of the RAS *** estimations provide evidence that the net short-term impact on the national accounts was not significant,and under some of the simulated scenarios,based on the official information with respect to earthquake management,the impact may even have had a positive effect on the growth of the national product during 2016.

关键词： Earthquake impact Ecuador Input–output RAS method regional model

A Hybrid regional model for Predicting Ground Deformation Induced by Large-Section Tunnel Excavation

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第1期134卷 495-516页

作者： Shengjun Deng Yang He XiaonanGong Jiajin Zhou Xiangdong Hu Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009China Research Center of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544USA Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Geotechnical EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China

Due to the large number of finite element mesh generated,it is difficult to use full-scale model to simulate largesection underground engineering,especially considering the coupling effect.A regional model is attempted to achieve this simulation.A variable boundary condition method for hybrid regional model is proposed to realize the numerical simulation of large-section tunnel ***,the balance of initial ground stress under asymmetric boundary conditions achieves by applying boundary conditions step by step with secondary development ofDynaflowscripts,which is the key issue of variable boundary conditionmethod *** this paper,Gongbei tunnel based on hybrid regional model involvingmulti-field coupling is ***,the variable boundary condition method for regional model is verified against model initialization and the ground deformation due to tunnel excavation is predicted via the proposed hybrid regional *** with the monitoring data of actual engineering,the results indicated that the hybrid regional model has a good prediction effect.

关键词： Freeze-sealing pipe roof method frozen soil tunnel regional model dynaflow

A regional model STUDY OF THE VARIATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF OZONE AND ITS PRECURSORS ON EASTERN ASIA AND WEST PACIFIC OCEAN REGIONS

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1994年第2期8卷 195-202页

作者：罗超周秀骥 hinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081

A simulated study of mechanism for variations and distributions of ozone and its precursors was made by using the three-dimensional regional Eulerian *** results showed that the ozone production was controlled by NO,but there is a complicated nonlinear relation between *** photochemical reactions controlled by solar radiation are the determinative factors affecting the variations of the surface ozone and its *** relations of ozone and CO, PAN were *** compared the simulated and observed results during the PEM-WEST A in order to better under- stand the photochemical processes of ozone and its precursors.

关键词： regional model ozone precursors PEM-WEST A(West Pacific Expedition Mission Phase A)

Numerical Simulations of Intense Meiyu Rainfall in 1991 over the Changjiang and Huaihe River Valleys by a regional Climate model with p-σ Incorporated Coordinate System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1999年第3期16卷 395-404页

作者：刘华强钱永甫 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing

Based on the primitive equation model with p- σ incorporated coordinate system originally developed by Qian et al., a one-way nested fine mesh limited area model is developed. This model is nested with ECMWF T42 data to simulate the extra-intensive rainfall event occurring in the Changjiang and Huaihe River valleys in summer of 1991. The results show that the model has certain capacity to fairly reproduce the regional distribution and the movement of the main rainfall belts. Therefore it can be used as a regional climate model to simulate and predict the short-range regional climate changes.

关键词： regional model Intensive Meiyu rainfall Numerical simulation

Study of the geomagnetic field's regional gradients in Chinese continent using three-dimensional surface Spline model

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第1期7卷 74-83页

作者： Yan Feng YiJun Li JinYan Zhang Shuang Liu Abbas Nasir Ya Huang Institute of Space Weather Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

We combined domestic ground-based and satellite magnetic measurements to create a regional three-dimensional surface Spline(3DSS)gradient model of the main geomagnetic field over the Chinese *** improve the precision of the model,we considered the data gap between the ground and satellite *** compared and analyzed the results of the Taylor polynomial,surface Spline,and CHAOS-6(the CHAMP,?rsted and SAC-C model of Earth’s magnetic field)gradient *** showed that the gradients in the south-north and east-west directions of the four models were *** 3DSS model was able to express not only gradients at different altitudes,but also average gradients inside the research *** two Spline models were able to capture more information on gradient anomalies than were the fitted *** local anomalies were observed in northern Xinjiang,Beijing,and the junction area between Jiangsu and Zhejiang,and the total intensity F decreased whereas the altitude *** gradient decreased by 21.69%in the south-north direction and increased by 11.78%in the east-west *** addition,the altitude gradient turned from negative to positive while the altitude *** Spline model and the two fitted models differed mainly in the field sources they expressed and the modeling theory.

关键词： geomagnetic field main field gradients regional model three-dimensional modeling

A coupled regional Arctic sea ice-ocean model:configuration and application

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 2010年第2期21卷 180-192页

作者：李群张璐吴辉碇 Polar Research Institute of China The Second Institute of Oceanography

A regional sea ice-ocean coupled model for the Arctic Ocean was developed, based on the MlTgcm ocean circulation model and classical Hibler79 type two category thermodynamics-dynamics sea ice *** sea ice dynamics and thermodynamics were considered based on Viscous-Plastic（VP） and Winton three-layer models,respectively.A detailed configuration of coupled model has been *** attention has been paid to the model grid setup,subgrid paramerization,ice-ocean coupling and open boundary *** coupled model was then applied and two test run examples were *** first model run was a climatology simulation with 10 years（1992—2002） averaged NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data as atmospheric *** second model run was a seasonal simulation for the period of 1992—*** atmospheric forcing was daily NCAR/NCEP *** climatology simulation captured the general pattern of the sea ice thickness distribution of the Arctic,i.e.,the thickest sea ice is situated around the Canada Archipelago and the north coast of the Greenland. For the second model run,the modeled September Sea ice extent anomaly from 1992—2007 was highly correlated with the observations,with a linear correlation coefficient of *** minimum of the Arctic sea ice area in the September of 2007 was *** modeled sea ice area and extent for this minimum was overestimated relative to the ***,it captured the general pattern of the sea ice retreat.

关键词： MITgcm Sea Ice Arctic Ocean regional model Climate Change

Simulation and Analysis of China Climate Using Two-Way Interactive Atmosphere-Vegetation model (RIEMS-AVIM)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 1085-1097页

作者：高荣董文杰韦志刚 Laboratory of Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of regional Climate-Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Ecology Resource Beijing Normal University Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, an Atmosphere-Vegetation Interaction model （AVIM） is coupled to the regional Integrated Environment model System （RIEMS）, and a 10-year integration for China is performed using the RIEMS-AVIM. The analysis of the results of the 10-year integration shows that the characters of the spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation over China are well simulated. The patterns of simulated surface sensible and latent heat fluxes match well with the spatial climatological atlas： the values of winter surface sensible and latent heat fluxes are both lower than climatological values over the whole country. Summer surface sensible heat flux is higher than climatological values in western China and lower in eastern China, while summer surface latent heat flux is higher than climatological values in the eastern and lower in the western. Seasonal variations of simulated temperature and precipitation of RIMES-AVIM agree with those of the observed. Simulated temperature is lower than the observed in the Tibetan Plateau and Northwest China for the whole year, slightly lower in the remaining regions in winter, but consistent with the observed in summer. The simulated temperature of RIEMS-AVIM is higher in winter and lower in summer than that of RIEMS, which shows that the simulated temperature of RIEMS-AVIM is closer to the observed value. Simulated precipitation is excessive in the first half of the year, but consistent with the observed in the second half of the year. The simulated summer precipitation of RIEMS-AVIM has significant improvement compared to that of RIEMS, which is less and closer to the observed value. The interannual variations of temperature and precipitation are also fairly well simulated, with temperature simulation being superior to precipitation simulation. The interannual variation of simulated temperature is significantly correlated with the observed in Northeast China, the Transition Region, South China, and the Tibetan Plateau, but the

关键词： vegetation regional model two-way coupling numerical simulation

Impacts of a Large-scale Adaptive Blending Scheme for CMA-MESO on regional Forecasts-A Case Study of Typhoon Haima

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2021年第4期27卷 330-345页

作者： FENG Jia-li GAO Yan XIA Xin MA Yu-long SUN Jian LI Yuan CHEN Dong-mei WAN Qi-lin Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Weather Research Center for Monitoring Warning and Forecasting/Shenzhen Institute of Meteorological Innovation ShenzhenGuangdong 518045 China CMA Earth System modelling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China

Large-scale atmospheric information plays an important role in the regional model for the forecasts of weather such as tropical cyclone(TC).However,it is difficult to be fully represented in regional models due to domain size and a lack of observation data,particularly at sea used in regional data *** analysis has been developed and implemented in regional models to reintroduce large-scale information from global model to regional *** of the impact of this large-scale blending scheme for the Global/regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System(CMA-MESO)regional model on TC forecasting is limited and this study attempts to further progress by examining the adaptivity of the blending scheme using the two-dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform(2D-DCT)filter on the model forecast of Typhoon Haima over Shenzhen,China in 2016 and considering various cut-off *** showed that the error of the 24-hour typhoon track forecast can be reduced to less than 25 km by applying the scale-dependent blending scheme,indicating that the blending analysis is effectively able to minimise the large-scale bias for the initial *** improvement of the wind forecast is more evident for u-wind component according to the reduced root mean square errors(RMSEs)by comparing the experiments with and without blending ***,the higher equitable threat score(ETS)provided implications that the precipitation prediction skills were increased in the 24h forecast by improving the representation of the large-scale feature in the CMA-MESO ***,significant differences of the track error forecast were found by applying the blending analysis with different cut-off wavelengths from 400 km to 1200 km and the track error can be reduced less than by 10 km with 400 km cut-off wavelength in the first 6h *** highlighted that the blending scheme with dynamic cut-off wavelengths adapted to the development of different TC systems is ne

关键词： blending analysis tropical cyclone track forecast tropical cyclone typhoon large-scale feature regional model

IMPROVEMENT ON COMPUTING THE HORIZONTAL PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE IN THE REGCM2

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1999年第3期13卷 304-315页

作者：郑维忠钱永甫 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093

The technique on computing the horizontal pressure gradient force(PGF)in RegCM2 is improved with the error subtraction ***,the regional climate in June of 1991 in China is simulated by employing the *** with other schemes for computing the PGF shows that the error subtraction method can effectively reduce the error of the PGF,improve the simulation of winds and alleviate the spurious precipitation in steep topographic areas. Furthermore,the simulation of precipitation in other areas is in better accordance with the observation.

关键词： error subtraction method computational method regional model

Sensitivity of WRF simulated typhoon track and intensity over the Northwest Pacific Ocean to cumulus schemes

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第12期56卷 270-281页

作者： LI Xiang State Key Laboratory of Numerical modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Here discussed is the sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity over the Northwest Pacific Ocean to different cumulus *** results from the 20 typhoon cases during 2003-2008 show that the simulation of typhoon track and intensity are very sensitive to cumulus *** relationship between simulations of typhoon track and cumulus schemes can be case *** best tracks obtained from different case studies depend on which cumulus scheme we ***,simulations of typhoon intensity exhibit different *** Kain-Fritsch scheme simulation obtains the most intensive typhoon,whereas the Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme and the Grell-Devenyi scheme obtain weaker *** sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity to different cumulus schemes is due mainly to different hypotheses and precipitation *** difference of simulated large scale circulations using different cumulus schemes leads to the difference of typhoon *** closer the simulations are compared to observations,the less the errors of simulated typhoon *** difference of simulated typhoon intensity is due mainly to the difference of simulated vertical heating of the *** lead to different strengths of convection which causes the difference of cumulus precipitation and latent *** KF scheme simulation obtains the strongest vertical convection,the obvious warm core structure,more cumulus precipitation,and stronger *** contrast,the BMJ scheme and the GD scheme obtain weaker convection,less cumulus precipitation,and weaker intensity.

关键词： typhoon cumulus parameterization regional model track intensity

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