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Improving cleanliness of 30Cr2Ni4MoV low-pressure rotor steel by CaO-SiO_(2)-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3) slag refining

Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第9期29卷 1434-1445页

作者： Yong-bo Peng Cheng-song Liu Ling Yang Song-wei Hou Ri-jin Cheng Hua Zhang Hong-wei Ni The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Huangshi Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute Huangshi 435000HubeiChina

The optimal composition of a CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO slag in the ladle furnace refining process was investigated to precisely control the contents of[0]and[Si]and improve the cleanliness of 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel.The iso-[O]lines and iso-[Si] lines of the equilibrium between the CaO-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO refining slag and 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel at 1873 K were calculated by the thermodynamic software FactSage 7.3,and the activities of SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3)and CaO in the refining slag were discussed to achieve the optimal composition range of the refining slag.Finally,combined with high-temperature"slag-steel"equilibrium experiments,the effects of different refining slags on the oxygen contents,chemical composi-tions,quantities and sizes of inclusions in steels were studied,and then the thermody namic formation mechanism of MgAl_(2)O_(4) inclusions in 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel was discussed.The results showed that the contents of dissolved[O]nd[Si]in steel can be controlled below 10 × 10^(-6)and 0.05%.respectively;when the slag basicity is above 7.the CaO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio is above I.and the mass fraction of SiO_(2)in the slag docs not cxcced 7%.The chemical composition of the slag has a great influence on the removal and composition of inclusions.The assessed stability phase diagrams of MgO.Al_(2)O_(3)and MgOAl_(2)O_(3) inclusion formation in the Fe-Al-Mg-O system calculated by FactSage 7.3 show good agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel Non metallic inclusion refining slag Basicity CaO/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio

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Effect of CaF2 content in refining slag on formation behavior of spinel inclusion in Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2018年第2期25卷 157-163页

作者： Jae-hong Shin Joo-hyun Park Department of Materials Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 426-791 Korea

The influence of CaF2 content on the formation behavior of spinel inclusions in the Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel was presented. The spinel was not formed at CaF2 content lower than 10 wt%. However, it was formed at early stage when the CaF2 content was greater than 30 wt%, followed by a modification to the aluminosilicate-type inclusions. Because the slag was saturated by MgO, the activity of MgO was unity irrespective of CaF2 content in the slag. Thus, Mg was transferred from slag to metal phase. Mg transferred to molten steel reacted with Al2O3-rich inclusions to form MgO.Al2O3 spinel. However, the spinel inclusion was modified to aluminosilicate-type inclusions by the reaction with Si and Ca transferred from slag to molten steel about 2-3 h later.

关键词： Spinel inclusion refining slag CaF2 content Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

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Industrial Application of Desulfurization Using Low Basicity refining slag in Tire Cord Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2013年第1期20卷 26-33页

作者： CHEN Shu-hao WANG Xin-hua HE Xiao-fei WANG Wan-jun JIANG Min School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering Central South University School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Desulfurization performance with low binary basicity refining slag in 72 grade tire cord steel was calculated using FactSage and it is found that sulfur content in steel decreases with the increase of basicity of slag, MgO content in slag and slag/steel ratio while sulfur partition ratio between slag and steel increases gradually with the increase of basicity of slag as well as MgO content. Experiments were carried out and the results are of great agreements with theoretical calculation. Then industrial application tests were performed in a domestic plant and good results were achieved. Sulfur content in steel decreases gradually during refining process, as a result, sulfur content in the billets is controlled in the range of 0.007 1%-0.008 1%. Sulfur content in steel refined with slag basicity of 1.21 is lower than that of 1.02, while the plasticity of oxide compound inclusions is a little better controlled in low basicity heats. Using refining slag with basicity of 1.0-1.2 and MgO content of 5%-10% and reducing the slag takeover of LD are favorable for improving the desulfurization performance and the plasticity of inclusions during the industrial production.

关键词： FactSage desulfurization behavior low basicity refining slag sulfur partition ratio sulfur content

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Experimental Research on refining slag Systems Containing BaO for Ultra-Low Sulphur Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2003年第1期10卷 11-14页

作者： LI Su-qin ZHU Rong GUO Han-jie WANG Ya-na LI Shi-qi WANG Xin-hua University of Science and Technology Beijing

The experimental research on refining slag systems for ultra-low sulphur steel was carried out in a 10 kg induction furnace.It was proved that sulphur element in molten steel can be removed to less than 5×10^(-6) by adding CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-MgO-CaF_2 slag on the surface of molten steel and feeding CaO-BaO-CaF2 wire into molten steel.And L_s,which is the coefficient of sulphur between slag and molten steel,that is ω(s)/ω[s],increases by increasing I(I = ωBaO/ωCaO).When I=5/3,L_s can be up to its maximum of 633.The CaSi is effective for deep desulphurization,especially when it is added to the slag of wire feeding.

关键词： steelmaking ultra-low sulphur steel refining slag desulphurization

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Characteristics and Metallurgical Effects of Medium Basicity refining slag on Low Melting Temperature Inclusions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2015年第7期22卷 573-581页

作者： Hui-xiang YU Xin-hua WANG Jing ZHANG Wan-jun WANG School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Wide Plate and Coil Plant Nanjing Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.

Recently, large sized CaO-Alz 03 inclusions with low melting temperature have been the main reason for lowering mechanical properties of high strength low alloy （HSLA） steel plates. New philosophy, i.e. refining by top slag with relatively low basicity and Al2O3 content, was proposed to control such kind of inclusions. Firstly, the characteristics of refining slag, such as component activities and sulphide capacity （Cs） of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag, were studied through thermodynamic calculation. Then, slag-metal equilibrium experiments were carried out in laboratory to investigate the exact chemical composition of refining slag together with thermodynamic analysis. Finally, industrial trials were done to verify the desulphurization ability and inclusions control in steel refined by the new slag. Thermodynamic calculations indicated that the slags with basicity of 3.5 and Al2O3 content of 200/oo and basicity of 5.0 and Al2O3 content of 20 % or 25 % have high values of CaO activity, sulphide capacity and ratio of MgO activity to Al2O3 activity. Laboratory equilibrium experiments showed that the slag with basicity of about 4.5 and A12 03 content of about 20% is helpful for increasing the melting temperature of inclusions in steel. After introducing such kind of refining slag in industrial trials, the sulphur content in eight heats of steel is below 20 ×l0-6 , which meets the requirement of HSLA steel, and most inclusions distribute in relatively high melting zone （≥1773 K） of CaO- Al2O3-MgO（-SiO2） quasi-ternary diagram. New philosophy of top refining slag is feasible to control low melting point inclusions of CaO-Al2O3 system in HSLA steel.

关键词： refining slag desulphurization ability inelusion thermodynamic calculation slag-metal reaction

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Desulfurization Characteristics of CaO-SiO_2-BaO-CaF_2-Al_2O_3-MgO refining slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2005年第5期12卷 1-2,20页

作者： GAO Yan-hong BIAN Ling-tao Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 400005 China Lingyuan Iron and Steel Group Co Lingyuan 122504 China

The desulfurization characteristics of CaO-SiO2-BaO-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO refining slag were studied in laboratory with the methodology of orthogonal design. The influence of basicity, Al2O3, MgO, BaO and CaF2 contents in sl... 详细信息

关键词： refining slag desulfurization orthogonal design

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Study on LF refining slag and slagging Regime of High-Aluminium Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S2期18卷 201-206页

作者： ZENG Jian-hua1, ZHANG Min1, CHEN Yong1, HE Sheng-ping2, WANG Qian2 (1. PanGang Group Research Institute Co, Ltd, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China 2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China) PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Coll Mat Sci & Engn Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China

During secondary refining of molten steel, reaction of steel-slag has great influence on the quality of steel. Taking high aluminium steel ([Al]≥0.8%) for instance, reaction control of 4[Al]+3(SiO2) = 2(Al2O3)+3[Si] was discussed by both thermodynamics calculation and industrial experiments. The results show that content of silicon increased sharply when content of SiO2 in slag exceeded 10%. In order to prevent the increment of silicon content and reoxidation for high aluminium steel, reasonable component range of LF refining slag is: %CaO/%Al2O3=1.6-1.9, %SiO2 refining slag has strong ability of desulfurization and inclusion absorption. Average desulfurization rate is 80%, and T[O] reduces above 50% after refining, with the average sulfur content and T[O] about 0.0025% and 11×10-6,respectively, which can meet the requirements of secondary refining and obtain good castability of steel in continuous casting process.

关键词： high aluminium steel refining slag thermodynamics desulfurization inclusion

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Corrosion Resistance Mechanism of MgO-CaO Refractories to refining slag

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China's Refractories 2014年第2期23卷 35-38页

作者： YU Yanping YU Yanwen Zhangjiang Mechanical and Electrical School Banshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd

Corrosion resistance and penetration resistance of MgO-CaO materials with different CaO contents （22%, 42%, 49%, 53%, in mass）to refining AOD slag or VOD slag were investigated using static crucible technique by visual observation, SEM and XRD. The corrosion resistance and penetration resistance of speci-mens decrease with the increase of CaO content. This may be caused by the formation of C3S and C2S during the reactions between specimens and the slag. The formed C3S and C2S can restrain the further penetration to the matrix. The higher the CaO content, the more the C2S or C3S formed, the lower the porosity of the speci-mens, and the lower the penetration depth and corrosion rate. The corrosion resistance to AOD slag is better than that to VOD slag, because the reaction between AOD slag and the matrix is slighter than that between VOD slag and the matrix.

关键词： corrosion resistance mechanism magne-sia -calcia refractory refining slag

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Experimental Study on Composition Optimization for refining slag Containing BaO

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China's Refractories 2007年第4期16卷 24-27页

作者： GAO Yanhong BIAN Lingtao ZHANG Sanhua Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 400016 China Chongqing Hanlin Project Cost Consultant Co. Ltd.

Laboratory study; was carried out on deep desulfurization of molten steel by CaO-Al2O3 based refining slag containing BaO at 1873K to achieve lower sulphur level in steel. A mathematical model of desulfurization was established with the methodology of quadratic orthogohal regression. According to the modle, the influence of AlO3/CaO, MgO, CaF2, BaO in slag on desulfurization rate was analyzed. The results showed that the desulfurization rate almost linearly decreased with the increase of Al2O3/CaO and it increased firstly then decreased when MgO and BaO content increased respectixely, yet the trend is on the contrary as CaF2 content increased. Based on the comprehensive analysis, the optimum composition of the refining slag was achieved under the experimental conditions.

关键词： refining slag Desulfurization Orthogo-nal re gression

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Effect of refining slag on the Inclusions of Hard Wire Steel during Melting Process

Effect of Refining Slag on the Inclusions of Hard Wire Steel...

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2011 First International Conference on High Performance Structures and Materials Engineering (ICHPSM 2011)

作者： Yang Li ZhouHua Jiang ShiYou Yin Ying Zhuang Ming Li School of Material and Metallurgy Northeastern University Technology Centre of Jinan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.

The effect of the refining slag composition on the total oxygen content and inclusions in steel was investigated in 100 t UHP Electric Furnace – LF – Billet CC process. The test steel was 77 B hard wire steel and Si-Mn alloy was used as the deoxidizer. Three types slag were used in the industrial tests, which including Ca O-Ca F2, Ca O-Ca F2 adding Ca C and Ca O-Al2O3 refining slag. The results shown that the lowest total oxygen contents of rolled bar can be gained using the Ca O-Ca F2 refining slag adding Ca C, which is 0.0036%, while the total oxygen contents of rolled bar using Ca O-Al2O3 refining slag is higher a little than the heats using Ca O-Ca F2 refining slag. The Ca O-Si O2 and Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2 compound inclusions with the size of about 5 μm are the main inclusions in the heats refining by the Ca O-Ca F2 refining slag in the rolled bar, but the pure, indeformable Al2O3 inclusion can also be found with the size of about 10 μm. The Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2 and Al2O3-Si O2-Mn O compound inclusions are the main inclusions in the heats refining by the Ca O-Ca F2-Ca C refining slag, but most of the inclusion shape is irregular with bigger size of about 10 μm. Similar with the heat using Ca O-Ca F2 refining slag, the pure Al2O3 inclusion with edge angle can be found in the rolled bar. The inclusions in the rolled bar treated by Ca O-Al2O3 refining slag are Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2 compound inclusions, most of which are nearly globular shape with the relative small size of about 5 μm. All of the inclusions in rolled bar lie on the low melting zone in the Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2 ternary phase diagram in the heats using Ca O-Al2O3 refining slag. The similar condition appeared on the most of the inclusions in the heats using Ca O-Ca F2 and Ca O-Ca F2 refining slag adding Ca C, while part of which are lied on the high melting zone. Therefore, considering of the plastic deformation ability, the Ca O-Al2O3 refining slag is the best slag for the melting process of hard wire steel.

关键词： refining slag deoxidation inclusion hard wire steel plastic deformation

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