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redistribution of Li-ions using covalent organic frameworks towards dendrite-free lithium anodes:a mechanism based on a Galton Board

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第9期63卷 1306-1314页

作者： Huanyu Xie Qing Hao Hongchang Jin Shuai Xie Zhaowei Sun Yadong Ye Chaohui Zhang Dong Wang Hengxing Ji Li-Jun Wan Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Because of its high theoretical specific capacity and low reduction potential,Li metal is considered to be key to reaching high energy density in rechargeable *** this context,most of the research has focused on suppressing dendrite formation during Li deposition to improve the cycling reversibility and safety of the ***,covalent organic framework(COF)film coating on a commercial polypropylene separator is applied as an ion redistributor to eliminate Li *** COF crystallites consist of ordered nanochannels that hinder the movement of anions while allowing Li-ions to transport across,leading to a high Li-ion transference number of 0.77±*** transport of Li-ions across the COF film can be considered to be analogous to beads passing through a Galton Board,a model that demonstrates a statistical concept of a normal ***,an even distribution of Li-ions is obtained at the COF/Li metal *** controlled Li-ion flux yields a smooth Li metal surface after 1,000 h(500 times)of cycling,leading to a significantly improved cycling stability and reversibility,as demonstrated by Cu||Li half cells,Li||Li symmetric cells,and Li Fe PO4||Li full *** results suggest that,following the principle of a Galton Board,nanopore insulators such as COF-based materials are effective ion distributors for the different energy storage or conversion systems.

关键词： redistribution dendrite-free lithium metal anode COFs Galton Board

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redistribution of Pb, Zn and Cu Fractions in Tailing Soils Treated with Different Extractants

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Pedosphere 2006年第3期16卷 312-318页

作者： LIU Yun-Guo WANG Xian-Hai ZENG Guang-Ming LI Xin ZHOU Chun-Hua FAN Ting LI Yong-Li YUAN Xin-Zhong Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 （China） Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 （China） Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 （China）

The efficiency of EDTA, HNO3 and CaCl2 as extractants to remove Pb, Zn and Cu from tailing soils without varying soil pH was investigated with distributions of Pb, Zn and Cu being determined before and after extraction using the sequential extraction procedure of the optimized European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). Results indicated that EDTA and HNO3 were both effective extracting *** extractability of extractants for Pb and Zn was in the order EDTA > HNO3 > CaCl2, while for Cu it was HNO3 > EDTA > CaCl2. After EDTA extraction, the proportion of Pb, Zn and Cu in the four fractions varied greatly, which was related to the strong extraction and complexation ability. Before and after extraction with HNO3 and CaCl2, the percentages of Pb, Zn and Cu in the reducible, oxidizable and residual fractions changed little compared to the acid-extractable fraction. The lability of metal in the soil and the kinds of extractants were the factors controlling the effects of metal extraction.

关键词： BCR extraction fraction heavy metals redistribution

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Effect of moisture regime on the redistribution of heavy metals in paddy soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 434-443页

作者： Shunan Zheng Mingkui Zhang Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University IIangzhou 310029 China Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture Tianjin 300191 China Key Laboratory of Production Environment and Agro-product Safer Ministry of Agriculture Tianjin 300191 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-product Safety Tianjin 300191 China

Sequential extraction procedure was applied to assess the dynamics of solid-phase transformation of added Cu, Pb, Cd, and Hg in a typical Chinese paddy soil incubated under three moisture regimes （75% field capacity, wetting-drying cycle, and flooding）. The heavy metals spiked in the soil were time-dependently transferred from the easily extractable fraction （the exchangeable fraction） into less labile fractions （Fe-Mn oxide- and organic matter-bound fractions）, and thus reduced lability of the metals. No significant changes were found for the carbonate-bound and residual fractions of the heavy metals in the soil during the whole incubation. Change rate of the mobility factor （MF）, a proportion of weakly bound fractions （exchangeable and carbonate-bound） in the total metal of soil, reflected the transformation rate of metal speciation from the labile fractions toward stable fractions. It was found that soil moisture regime did not change the direction and pathways of transformation of metal speciation, but it significantly affected the transformation rate. In general, the paddy soil under flooding regime had higher metal reactivity compared with 75% field capacity and wetting-drying cycle regimes, resulting in the more complete movement of metals toward stable fractions. This might be related to the increased pH, precipitation of the metals with sulfides and higher concentration of amorphous Fe oxides under submerged condition.

关键词： heavy metal speciation moisture regime redistribution paddy soil

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Molecular sieve based Janus separators for Li-ions redistribution to enable stable lithium deposition

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5143-5152页

作者： Huanyu Xie Zhimeng Hao Shuai Xie Yadong Ye Wei Zhang Zhaowei Sun Song Jin Hengxing Ji Jun Chen Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

During operation of a lithium metal battery,uneven lithium deposition often results in the growth of lithium dendrites and causes a rapid decay in battery performance and even leads to safety *** is still the main hurdle hindering the practical application of lithium metal *** report a new type of Janus separator fabricated by introducing a molecular sieve coating on the surface of the polypropylene separator that serves as a redistribution layer for lithium *** results show that using this layer,the growth of lithium dendrites can be largely inhibited and the battery performance greatly *** a typical Li||Cu half-cell with the Janus separator,the Coulombic efficiency of the lithium metal anode can be maintained at>98.5%for over 500 *** cycling life span is also extended by a factor of 8 in the Li||Li symmetric ***,the high-strength coating improves the mechanical properties of the separator,thus enhancing *** effectiveness of our strategy is demonstrated by both the inhibited growth of lithium dendrites and the improved battery *** methodology could eventually be generalized for electrode protection in other battery systems.

关键词： Janus separator molecular sieve redistribution lithium metal anode deposition

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Dynamic coupling of ferrihydrite transformation and associated arsenic desorption/redistribution mediated by sulfate-reducing bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 39-50页

作者： Wenjing Zhou Huiyan Zhu Shiwen Hu Bowei Zhang Kun Gao Zhi Dang Chongxuan Liu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of EducationSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Sulfate-reducing bacteria play an important role in the geochemistry of iron(oxyhydr)oxide and arsenic(As)in natural environments;however,the associated reaction processes are yet to be fully *** this study,batch experiments coupled with geochemical,spectroscopic,microscopic,and thermodynamic analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic coupling of ferrihydrite transformation and the associated As desorption/redistribution mediated by Desulfovibrio vulgaris(***).The results indicated that *** could induce ferrihydrite transformation via S^(2-)-driven and direct reduction *** the absence of SO_(4)^(2-),*** directly reduced ferrihydrite,and As desorption and re-sorption occurred simultaneously during the partial transformation of ferrihydrite to *** increase in SO_(4)^(2-)loading promoted the S^(2-)-driven reduction of ferrihydrite and accelerated the subsequent mineralogical *** the low and medium SO_(4)^(2-)treatments,ferrihydrite was completely transformed to a mixture of magnetite and mackinawite,which increased the fraction of As in the residual phase and stabilized *** the high SO_(4)^(2-)treatment,although the replacement of ferrihydrite by only mackinawite also increased the fraction of As in the residual phase,22.1%of the total As was released into the solution due to the poor adsorption affinity of As to mackinawite and the conversion of As^(5+)to As^(3+).The mechanisms of ferrihydrite reduction,mineralogy transformation,and As mobilization and redistribution mediated by sulfate-reducing bacteria are closely related to the surrounding SO_(4)^(2-)*** results advance our understanding of the biogeochemical behavior of Fe,S,and As,and are helpful for the risk assessment and remediation of As contamination.

关键词： Sulfate-reducing bacteria Arsenic Ferrihydrite Transformation redistribution

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Solute redistribution and micromechanical properties of rapidly solidified multicomponent Ni-based alloys

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第3期62卷 472-477页

作者： YAN Na WANG ZiHua RUAN Ying WEI BingBo MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions Department of Applied PhysicsNorthwestern Polytechnical University

The solute trapping effect and microhardness enhancement of quaternary Ni-5%Cu-5%Ag-5%Sn and quinary Ni-5%Cu-5%Ag-5%Sn-5%Ge alloys during rapid dendritic solidification are investigated by glass fluxing technique. In these two alloys, the experimental maximum undercoolings of 310 K(0.18 T_L) and 220 K(0.13 T_L) have been achieved and the rapidly solidified microstructures are composed of α(Ni) and(Ag) solid solution phases. The morphological transition from coarse dendrite into equiaxed structure is observed for α(Ni) phase with the increase of undercooling. The dendritic growth velocity of α(Ni) phase in quaternary Ni-5%Cu-5%Ag-5%Sn alloy is larger than that in quinary Ni-5%Cu-5%Ag-5%Sn-5%Ge alloy, which increases firstly and then decreases with the enhancement of bulk undercooling. The Vickers hardness of α(Ni) phase in these two alloys is enhanced with the increase of undercooling, which is attributed mainly to the grain refinement effect. Meanwhile, the solute trapping effect of Cu, Sn and Ge elements in the α(Ni) phase also contributes to the microhardness enhancement under large undercoolings. The addition of Ge element effectively increases the microhardness of α(Ni) phase due to solute strengthening mechanism.

关键词： high undercooling dendritic growth solute redistribution microhardness enhancement

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Experimental Observation of Electrie Field Induced C_(60) redistribution in Benzene Solution

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Chinese Physics Letters 1993年第11期10卷 664-666页

作者： HAN Yanong GAO Xiaoming ZHANG Weijun DING Hongyu XIA Yuxing ZANG Wencheng GU Gang YANG Ping DU Youwei FENG Duan Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Anhui Institute of Optics&nd Fine Mech&nicsAcademia Sinic&f Hefei 230031 Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructuref Nanjing University Nanjing 210008

We report the experimental observation of electric field induced Gso redistribution,in benzene solution by thermal blooming change of transmitted *** pol&riz&tion of C_(60) molecules in external field is analyzed.

关键词： benzene distribution redistribution

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redistribution OF IMPURITY ATOMS AI, Si, Mn AND Cu IN Ni DURING LASER MELTING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1992年第7期5卷 77-81页

作者： ZHENG Ling, Chongqing Institute of Communications, Chongqing, ChinaZOU Zhirong, LIU Jianglong, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China ZHENG Ling, Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Institute of Communications, Chongqing 630074, China

An explanation of the redistribution of impurity atoms such as Al, Si, Mn and Cu in pure nickel during low speed laser melting is made by one-dimensional analysis model for heat transfer. The solid-liquid interface solute redistribution seems to be the principal cause that makes the impurity atoms redistribute in the depth direction. The diffusion of impurity atoms from low to high temperature zones and their surface selective evaporation are believed to be noticeably contributed to the redistribution.

关键词： Ni laser melting impurity atom redistribution

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Effects of nitrogen fertilization strategies on nitrogen use efficiency in physiology, recovery, and agronomy and redistribution of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation in two typical rice cultivars in Zhejiang, China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第3期8卷 208-216页

作者： XIE Wen-xia, WANG Guang-huo, ZHANG Qi-chun, GUO Hai-chao (Institute for Soil and Water Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China) Institute for Soil and Water Resources and Environment Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China.

Field experiments were conducted in farmers’ rice fields in 2001 and 2002 to study the effects of nitrogen (N) man-agement strategies on N use efficiency in recovery (RE), agronomy (AE) and physiology (PE) and redistribution of dry matter accumulation (DMA) and nitrogen accumulation (NA) in two typical rice cultivars in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. This study aimed mainly at identifying the possible causes of poor fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE) of rice in Zhejiang by comparing farmers’ fertilizer practice (FFP) with advanced site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) and real-time N management (RTNM). The results showed that compared to FFP, SSNM and RTNM reduced DMA and NA before panicle initiation and increased DMA and NA at post-flowering. There is no significant difference between SSNM and FFP in post-flowering dry matter redistribution (post-DMR) and post-flowering nitrogen redistribution (post-NR). These results suggest that high input rate of fertilizer N and improper fertilizer N timing are the main factors causing low NUE of irrigated rice in the farmer’s routine practice of Zhejiang. With SSNM, about 15% of the current total N input in direct-seeding early rice and 45% in single rice could be reduced without yield loss in Zhejiang, China.

关键词： Recovery N use efficiency (RE) Agronomic N use efficiency (AE) Physiological N use efficiency (PE) Nitrogen management Rice Accumulation and redistribution

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redistribution of iron during directional solidification of metallurgical-grade silicon at low growth rate

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第3期26卷 859-864页

作者：甘传海方明张磊邱实李锦堂姜大川温书涛谭毅罗学涛厦门大学材料系福建省特种先进材料重点实验室厦门361005 大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院大连116023 青岛隆盛晶硅科技有限公司青岛266200

redistribution of iron during directional solidification of metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) was conducted at low growth rate. Concentrations of iron were examined by ICP-MS and figured in solid and liquid phases, at grain boundary and in growth direction. Concentrations are significantly different between solid and liquid phases. The thickness of the solute boundary layer is about 4 mm verified by mass balance law, and the effective distribution coefficient is 2.98×10?4. Iron element easily segregates at grain boundary at low growth rate. In growth direction, concentrations are almost constant until 86% ingot height, and they do not meet the Scheil equation completely, which is caused by the low growth rate. The effect of convection on the redistribution of iron was discussed in detail. Especially, the “dead zone” of convection plays an important role in the iron redistribution.

关键词： directional solidification metallurgical-grade silicon redistribution iron grain boundary

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