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Fate of Urea Nitrogen Applied to Rape Grown on a red soil and Efficiency of Urea in Raising Rape Yield

Pedosphere 1995年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： CAI GUI-XIN PENG GUANG-HAO WU YI-WEI MA MAO-TONG GAN SHOU-WEN and MEN CI-FU(Institute of soil Science, Academia Sinica, Nanjing 210008 ( China))(Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021 ( China))(Chinese Academy of Agricultual Scie InstituteofsoilScience AcademiaSinicaNanjing210008（China） ZhejiangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences Hang

Fate of urea nitrogen (N) applied to rape grown on a red soil was investigated by the ￣(15)N mass balancetechnique, and efficiency of urea and effect of nutrients balance in raising rape yield were investigated ina field plot experiment. One hundred and thirty-eight kg N/ha, 86 kg N/ha as basal dressing and 52 kgN/ha as top dressing, was applied with band application technique. The experiment was conducted in thesoutheast of China, near Yingtan City, Jianxi *** from is￣(15)N mass balance study showed that when urea was applied as basal dressing the plantrecovery was 44.0% of the applied N for Theatment T (with application of N, P, K, B and lime). Plantrecoveries were 38.0%-40.5% for Treatments -K, -B, -lime and +RS (without application of K, B or limeas well as with additional rice straw compared with Theatment T), which were not significantly differentfrom Treatment T. In contrast, plant recovery was only 5.1% for Treatment-P (without application of P),indicating that P was the factor limiting N uptake by rape. However, N remaining in 0-0.30 m soil was highup to 71.6% for Theatment -P, while the corresponding data were 33.0%-42.6% for the other *** total recovery of applied N (including plant recovery and N remaining in 0-0.60 m soil) was 91.5% forTreatment T when urea was applied as basal dressing, while almost all the applied N was recovered when ureawas applied as top dressing. It was suggested that N loss was greatly controlled by using band applicationmethod in this *** from the field plot experiment showed that N supply capacity of this red soil was very low, andthe efficiency of the applied N was quite high, 7.1 kg rape seed was increased by application of one kg N forTreatmentT. Nitrogen and phosphorus were the key factors limiting

关键词： fate of urea-N N loss rape yield red soil

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Influence of different phosphates on adsorption and leaching of Cu and Zn in red soil

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第2期26卷 536-543页

作者：李忠武黄斌黄金权陈桂秋熊炜平聂小东马文明曾光明湖南大学环境科学与工程学院长沙410082 湖南大学环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室长沙410082 长江科学院水土保持研究所武汉430010 西南民族大学旅游与历史文化学院成都610041

Batch and soil column experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of KH2PO4, （NH4）H2PO4and Ca（H2PO4）2on the adsorption and leaching characteristics of Cu and Zn in red soil. The results show that all the three phosphates can greatly improve the adsorption capacity of red soil for Cu and Zn, and the effect of different phosphates on Cu and Zn adsorption follows the order of Ca（H2PO4）2〉KH2PO4〉（NH4）H2PO4. The addition of phosphate has little effect on the mobility of Cu. Ca（H2PO4）2and （NH4）H2PO4 show a strong ability in immobilizing Zn while the immobilization ability of KH2PO4 is much weaker. All the three phosphates are helpful for modifying the partitioning of Cu and Zn from the non-residual phase to the residual phase; however, they could also enhance the contents of Cu and Zn associated with exchangeable and carbonates fractions.

关键词： Cu Zn phosphate adsorption leaching red soil

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Nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil fertilized with urea and ryegrass

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 1998年第3期 48-52页

作者： Wu Gang, Zhang Qin Zheng, Ye Qing Fu, Zhu Zhu Jun, Xi Hai Fu ( Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agricultural University, Hangzhou 310029) He Zhen Li ( Department of soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Zhejiang Agricultu

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅａｒｅａｏｆｒｅｄｓｏｉｌｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａｃｏｖｅｒｉｎｇａｂｏｕｔｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ２ｍｉｌｉｏｎｋｍ２ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｓｆｏｒ２２．７％ｏｆｔｈｅｗｈｏｌｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ’ｓａｒｅａ．... 详细信息

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅａｒｅａｏｆｒｅｄｓｏｉｌｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａｃｏｖｅｒｉｎｇａｂｏｕｔｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ２ｍｉｌｉｏｎｋｍ２ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｓｆｏｒ２２．７％ｏｆｔｈｅｗｈｏｌｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ’ｓａｒｅａ．［１］Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｒｅｄｓｏ...

关键词： Nitrogen Utilization Transformation red soil Ryegrass

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Species of Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in red soil and the Mechanism of Solubilization

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Pedosphere 1993年第3期3卷 285-288页

作者： LUOAN－CHENG SUNXI 等 DpartmentofsoilScienceandPlantNutrition ZhejiangAgriculturalUniversityHangzhou310029（China） Dpartmen

INTRODUCTION The insoluble phosphates which can not be directly absorbed by plants are the mai forms of inorganic phosphate in soil. These kinds of phosphates can be solubilized by several species of bacteria which are widely spread in soil especially in rhizosphere where70% of the bacteria are capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate. Many researchers re-

关键词： organic acid phosphate-solubilizing bacteria red soil

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Effects of Lanthanum on Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities in red soil

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Journal of Rare Earths 2002年第2期20卷 158-160页

作者：褚海燕朱建国谢祖彬李振高曹志洪曾青林先贵 Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The effects of La on some hydrolytic enzyme activities in red soil were studied in incubation and pot culture experiments. In the incubation experiment, La slightly stimulates the activities of urease and acidic phosphatase in soil and strongly stimulates sucrase activity in soil. In the pot culture experiment, La stimulates the activities of urease, acidic phosphatase and sucrase to different degrees. The stimulative effects of rare earth elements (REE) on hydrolytic enzyme activities in soil may result in increasing yield of crops.

关键词： rare earths lanthanum red soil hydrolytic enzyme activities

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Environmental Threshold of Phosphorus Infiltration in red soil under Different Land Use Patterns

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第8期9卷 82-95页

作者： Chunyu Dong Haoyu Yang Shiying Zhang Hong Deng Hongjiao Xu Yunsheng Xia Youbo Su Xinxing Dong Naiming Zhang Li Bao Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming China Yunnan Laboratory of Improvement of soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation Kunming China

The risk of soil phosphorus leaching increases in basin regions in light of large-scale use of phosphorus fertilizers because of agricultural modernization. In this study, we conducted an earth pillar simulation test on the infiltration threshold of red soil, Vaseline-coated PVC pipe, intact soil core, fine sand, and nylon filter was used for Penetration test, which covers the largest area of the Dianchi Lake Basin in China. Results showed that: 1) The contents of the total available phosphorus in algae (NaOH-P) and dissolved labile phosphorus (CaCl2-P) in red soil were consistent with the content of available phosphorus (Olsen-P) under different use patterns manifested by the law of greenhouse > open field > grassland. Grassland had the highest phosphorus sorption index (PSI), followed by the greenhouse and then by the open field. 2) The leachate under the same use pattern had the characteristics of total phosphorus (TP) > particle phosphorus (PP) > total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) > dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) > molybdate reactive phosphorus (MRP). The TP contents in the leachates of grassland, greenhouse, and open field were 0.46, 0.61, and 0.49 mg/L, respectively. DOP, TDP, PP, and MRP had similar contents, and their distributions in the three land types were consistent with that of TP. 3) Olsen-P had a significant correlation with TP, TDP, PP, and DOP in the leachates. Olsen-P of 50 slightly influenced eutrophication. Moreover, Olsen-P of >40 and 40 had minimal influence on the environment. Olsen-P of >70.90 mg/kg and PSI of <30 significantly influenced eutrophication in Dianch

关键词： Environmental Threshold Leachate Phosphorus red soil

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Study on the Effect of Different Modified Zeolite to Phosphorus Activation in red soil

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第13期7卷 2036-2046页

作者： Jing Shi Naiming Zhang Chenguang Zhang Boxian Wei College of Resource and Environment Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming China soil Fertilization and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province Kunming China

The activation of soil-fixed phosphorus is a long-term concern in soil science. In order to enhance the activation effect to soil-fixed phosphorus in red soil, different modified zeolite, through physical, chemical method and the associated both physics and chemistry, was used in this paper. The results showed as following: 1) the activated ability to soil-fixed phosphorus in red soil for modified zeolite was higher than the common one signally. Order of the ability for all kinds of modification zeolite in absolute activation amount and activation rate was: Modified in high temperature ammonium saturated zeolite > Ammonium saturated zeolite > Modified in high temperature zeolite > Common zeolite. 2) The increasing rate of modified phosphorus in high temperature ammonium saturated zeolite and ammonium saturated zeolite had a decline trend with time postponed while that for modified phosphorus in high temperature zeolite and routine zeolite was rising gradually with time postponed. For ammonium saturated zeolite, the increasing rate of phosphorus in low available phosphorus content red soil was significantly faster than that in red soil with the higher content of available phosphorus. 3) The activation rate for the same modified zeolite showed difference in different phosphorus level soil. The order is: SPhigh > SPmedium > SPlow.

关键词： Activation Phosphorus red soil Zeolite

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Trace Elements Loss Characteristics in Runoff Discharge from Tobacco-Growing red soil in Sichuan Province of China

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2022年第3期11卷 163-183页

作者： Angelique Iradukunda Dan Zhang Tianhui Ye Eliezel Habineza Maoqiang Wang Henriette Peace Uwamahoro Philbert Mperejekumana Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Panzhihua Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company Panzhihua China Department of Smart Agricultural Systems Graduate School Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Environmental engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang China Bioenergy and Environment Science & Technology Laboratory College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China

Trace elements are found in small concentrations in soil, yet plants require them for physiological functions. The runoff process leads to soil fertility loss by shifting soil particles and elements, and deposits them to a different position. However, there is a lack of information about the amount of trace elements that flow in tobacco-growing red soil during the natural rainy seasons due to runoff. In this study, runoff discharge was collected from two different soil mulching conditions (straw and no straw) at 15?, in Miyi county of Sichuan province, to evaluate the characteristics of trace elements in runoff discharge. The runoff discharge was filtered to separate water (runoff) from sediment. The concentrations of the elements were analyzed in samples obtained from 9 erosive rainfall events, with 3 replications for every sample. The considered trace elements were Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Molybdenum (Mo). In addition, the total amount of each element loss per unit area (total loss) was also calculated statistically. The results revealed different concentrations and total losses for the selected trace elements. The total loss in runoff ranged from 10.82 to 194.05 mg/ha, 0.62 to 18.91 mg/ha, and 0.32 to 2.37 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. The total loss in sediment ranged from 54.65 to 12036.34 mg/ha, 44.74 to 5285.30 mg/ha, and 1.78 to 399.82 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. Rainfall intensity, runoff depth, and sediment yield showed distinct positive correlations with the trace elements losses. The loss reduced with the addition of straw in the experimental area. Since each trace element showed distinct characteristics in the runoff and sediment, it is crucial to assess the loss of trace elements in runoff discharge from different agronomic practices. In turn, various sustainable practices of preventing soil fertility loss will be identified.

关键词： Trace Elements Runoff Discharge Sediment red soil Tobacco Farming

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Comparison of the Temporal Heterogeneity of soil Moisture of Different Ecosystems at red soil Hillside Fields

Comparison of the Temporal Heterogeneity of Soil Moisture of...

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2011 SSITE International Conference on Future Material Research and Industry Application(FMRIA 2011)

作者： Xinfang Chen Xi Chen Winmin Ju Liliang Ren Danrong Zhang Zhicai Zhang Baohua Guan Jianwei Zheng Chengyuan Liang State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University International Institute of Earth System Science Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technolog Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper investigates the differences in the temporal heterogeneity of soil moisture between natural restoration ecosystem without disturbance（named as eco-1）, restoration ecosystem with disturbance（named as eco-2） and shrubs ecosystem（named as eco-3） in red soil hillside fieldsThe probe soil moisture measured at 20 and 40 cm below the soil surface Hydrosense Portable Time Domain Reflectometry（TDR） systemThe results showed that:（1） Daily measurements during a growing season showed significantly temporal interactions between vegetation and watersoils under eco-2（restoration ecosystem with disturbance） and eco-3（shrubs ecosystem） were wettest at the start of the growing season but dries at the end;（2） The coefficient of variation of soil moisture content over time during the growing season was significantly higher in eco-2 than in eco-1, and at two depths beneath the soil surface（20 and 40 cm）.

关键词： soil moisture content vegetation temporal heterogeneity resource uptake red soil

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Effects of tillage practices on nutrient loss and soybean growth in red-soil slope farmland

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第3期1卷 49-55页

作者： Yang Jie Zheng Haijin Chen Xiaoan Shen Le Jiangxi Institute of soil and Water Conservation Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and PreventionNanchangChina

Field experiments were conducted to examine the effect of tillage practices on sediment and nutrient loss and soybean growth under natural rainfall *** tillage practices were applied:downslope ridge(check),downslope ridge+contour living hedgerow,and cross *** ridge tillage reduced surface runoff by 69%and sediment yield by 86%,compared to the check *** downslope ridge with a contour living hedgerow reduced surface runoff by 24%and sediment yield by 53%.Additionally,compared to the check plot,nutrient losses carried by runoff were reduced by over 68%and that carried in the sediment was reduced more than 85%in the cross ridge *** losses in runoff were reduced by 20%to 30%in the downslope ridge and contour living hedgerow plot and those carried in the sediment were reduced by 44%to 57%.Cross ridge tillage soybean yields exceeded those of the downslope ridge and downslope ridge+contour living hedgerow treatments by 16%-18%.Cross ridge tillage could contribute to the prevention sediment and nutrient loss and could improve crop yield,and thus it is recommended to be applied to mild slopes in the red soil region.

关键词： red soil Slope farmland Tillage practices Nutrient loss Crop growth

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