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Theoretical analysis of long-lived radioactive waste in pressurized water reactor

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第7期32卷 55-71页

作者： Ze-Xin Fang Meng Yu Ying-Ge Huang Jin-Bei Chen Jun Su Long Zhu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Background The accelerator-driven subcritical transmutation system(ADS)is an advanced technology for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste.A theoretical analysis of the ingredients and content of nuclear waste,particularly long-lived waste in a pressurized water reactor(PWR),will provide important information for future spent fuel *** The present study is an attempt to investigate the yields of isotopes in the neutron-induced fission process and estimate the content of long-lived ingredients of nuclear waste in a *** We combined an approximation of the mass distribution of five Gaussians with the most probable charge model(Zp model)to obtain the isotope yields in the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)*** potential energy surface based on the concept of a di-nuclear system model was applied to an approximation using five Gaussian functions.A mathematical formula for the neutron spectrum in a PWR was established,and sets of differential equations were solved to calculate the content of long-lived nuclides in a *** The calculated isotopic fission yields were in good agreement with the experimental *** for 238U,the contents of^(239)Pu,^(240)Pu,^(241)Pu,^(242)Pu,^(237)Np,^(235)U,and^(236)U are predominant in the PWR after reaching a discharge *** addition,some isotope pairs of heavy nuclei reach a similar value after stabilization,which can be explained by the decay chain and effective fission *** fission fragments,we simulated the content evolution of some long-lived nuclides^(90)Sr,^(107)Pd,^(135)Cs,and their isobars^(90)Rb,^(107)Rh,and^(135)Xe during a fuel cycle in a *** variations in the inventories of uranium and plutonium were in good agreement with the data in Daya *** A new method is proposed for the prediction of the isotopic fission *** inventory of long-lived nuclides was analyzed and predicted after reaching a discharge burnup.

关键词： radiotoxicity PWR Five Gaussians Long-lived nuclides Fissionfragmentsyields

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Recent progress of radionuclides separation by porous materials

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3515-3577页

作者： Yinghui Xie Long Yu Long Chen Cheng Chen Li Wang Fenglei Liu Yun Liao Peng Zhang Tao Chen Yihui Yuan Yuexiang Lu Boyang Huang Hui Yang Suhua Wang Shuao Wang Lijian Ma Feng Luo Yunhai Liu Baowei Hu Hongqing Wang Duoqiang Pan Wenkun Zhu Ning Wang Zhe Wang Liang Mao Shengqian Ma Xiangke Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Agricultural Production and Intelligent Equipment School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China School of Life Science Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China College of Chemistry Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China School of Chemistry and Materials Science East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental SafetySichuan Civil-military Integration InstituteSchool of National Defence&Nuclear Science and TechnologySouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA

The separation of radionuclides is critical for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. It is urgent to design and prepare functionalized materials for efficient radionuclides separation. Porous materials are considered excellent candidates for the separation of radionuclides under complex conditions due to their high specific surface areas, tunable pore structures and controllable functionalities. In this review, we summarized the design, preparation and functionalization of porous materials and their application for separation of radionuclides in the past five years, discussed the separation performance and analyzed the structure-activity relationship between various radionuclides and porous materials, and systematically clarified their characterization and mechanism of different type porous materials. We also introduced the detection, irradiation and chemical toxicity of different reflective radionuclides.

关键词： porous materials radionuclides detection separation radiotoxicity interaction mechanism

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