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radioactive contamination of the environment as a result of uranium production:a case study at the abandoned Lincang uranium mine,Yunnan Province,China

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Science China Chemistry 2002年第z1期45卷 11-19页

作者：徐乐昌王焰新吕俊文卢学实刘耀驰刘晓阳 Department of Environmental Engineering China University of Geosciences. Wuhan 430074 China Research Institute of Uranium Mining China National Nuclear Corporation P.O. Box 48 Hengyang 421001 China Department of Environmental Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Research Institute of Uranium Mining China National Nuclear Corporation P.O. Box 48. Hengyang 421001 China Research Center of Environmental Science and Technology Zhuzhou Institute of Technology Zhuzhou 412008 China

The distribution of radioactive pollutants, such as ^(222)Rn, U, Th and ^(226)Ra in the air, sur- face waters, soils and crops around the Lincang uranium mine, Yunnan Province, China, is studied The mechanical, geochemical and biogeochemical processes responsible for the transport and fate of the radioactive elements are discussed based on the monitoring data. The pollutants con- centrations of effluents from the mine tunnels were dependent on pH and SO_4^(2-) which were con- trolled by biochemical oxidation of sulfide in the ore/host rocks. Radon anomalies in air reached 4 km from the tailings pile depending on radon release from the site, topography and climate. ^(238)U and ^(226)Ra abnormities in stream sediments and soil were 40-90 cm deep and 790-800 m away downstream. Anomalies of radioactive contaminants of surface watercourses extended 7.5-13 km from the discharge of effluents of the site mainly depending on mechanical and chemical proc- esses. There were about 2.86 ha rice fields and 1.59 km stream sediments contaminated. Erosion of tailings and mining debris with little or no containment or control accelerated the contamination processes.

关键词： radioactive contamination uranium production air surface water soil crop.

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radioactive contamination of Steel and Raw Materials and Its Protection

Radioactive Contamination of Steel and Raw Materials and Its...

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2007中国钢铁年会

作者： Gaetano Ronchi IKEA Components ABBox 600 S-34 3 24AlmhultSweden

＜正＞An investigation was initiated by IKEA,a Swedish furniture retailer,to study the present status and future tendency of radiation control in steel *** obtained results were summarized as:（1）radioactive contamination of steel scrap becomes a major concern of world steel industry and has been recognized as a serious environmental problem.（2） In China the main source of radioactive contaminated scrap is from former Soviet Union;the second source of radioactive contaminated scrap is from the lost or stolen radioactive sources used in Chinese industry;naturally occurring radioactive materials,such as contaminated iron ore,coal,refractory and fluxes,can also affect steel and its by-products.（3）Chinese Government and some professional associations have made one law on radiation protection and several regulations and standards to strictly control radioactive *** major players in Chinese steel industry are aware of the potential health,safety and commercial risks associated with radioactive contaminated scrap.（4）Chinese customs and some large steel companies have installed radiation inspection *** AT-900 series Radiation Portal Monitor（RPM）was recognized as an efficient system used for the rapid detection of unknown hidden radioactive sources in moving vehicles. Small steel companies and scrap dealers have not considered installing radiation inspection *** radioactive contamination has more commercial risks for the furniture and construction industries,it is suggested that the key users of steels should take every opportunity to introduce the risks to steel makers and install their own system at key checking points to monitor radioactive contamination.

关键词： radiation control radioactive contamination radioactive source steelmaking scrap

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Study of CdMoO4 crystal for a neutrinoless double beta decay experiment with ^116Cd and ^100Mo nuclides

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第4期41卷 149-154页

作者：薛明萱张云龙彭海平许咨宗汪晓莲 State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics (IHEP-USTC) Hefei 230026 China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

The scintillation properties of a CdMoO4 crystal have been investigated *** fluorescence yields and decay times measured from 22 K to 300 K demonstrate that CdMoO4 crystal is a good candidate for an absorber for a bolometer readout,for both heat and scintillation *** results from Monte Carlo studies,taking the backgrounds from 2ν2β of^100 42Mo ^116 48Cd） and internal trace nuclides ^214Bi and ^208Tl into account,show that the expected sensitivity of a CdMoO4 bolometer for neutrinoless double beta decay experiments with an exposure of 100kg·years is one order of magnitude higher than those of the current sets of the limT1/2^0νββ of ^100 42Mo and ^116 48Cd.

关键词： neutrinoless double beta decay CdMo04 crystal bolometer radioactive contamination scintillation properties

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Determination of thorium in the hair and urine of workers and the public in a rare earth mining area

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2022年第2期3卷 91-95页

作者： Yao Zhang Xianzhang Shao Xiangyin Kong Liangliang Yin Chengguo Wang Liang Lin Yanqin Ji China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency National Institute for Radiological ProtectionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100088China Institute for Radiological Protection Inner Mongolia Center for Disease of Control and PreventionHohhotInner Mongolia 010031China Baotou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention BaotouInner Mongolia 014030China

Objective:To assess the thorium exposure of the mine workers and the public to a typical rare earth mine and estimate the resultant committed effective dose to ***:A total of 79 volunteers were selected in this survey,including 69 mine workers and 10 local residents living about 4 km away from the mine *** samples were collected from 79 volunteers,with 65 hair samples from 57 workers and 8 local *** thorium concentrations in urinary and hair samples were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass *** committed effective doses were estimated based on the urinary samples collected and the parameters as recommended by ICRP Publication ***:Thorium concentrations in the samples from the workers ranged from 19.0 to 2388.8 ng/g in hair with median of 149.8 ng/g,and in urine 18.3–906.1 ng/L with median of 59.6 ng/L,*** median values of thorium concentrations were 11.8 ng/g in hair and 32.40 ng/L in urine for the public *** thorium concentrations in urinary and hair samples of the workers were not only higher than those of the residents in the local area,but also than those of non-occupationally exposed populations as *** median values of committed effective dose were estimated to be 1.51 mSv for the workers and 781μSv for the local residents,***:The residents in the local area,and especially the workers,have been subject to long term thorium *** attention should be paid to the radiological hazards of thorium to the workers and local residents.

关键词： Biological sample Occupational exposure radioactive contamination Committed effective dose Thorium

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Natural and Artificial Radionuclides in River Bottom Sediments and Suspended Matter in the Czech Republic in the Period 2000-2010

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第2期5卷 114-119页

作者： Eduard Hanslik Diana Maresova Eva Juranova Department of Radioecology T.G.Masaryk Water Research InstitutePublic Research InstitutionPragueCzech Republic Faculty of Science Institute for Environmental StudiesCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

The concentrations of natural radionuclides, radium-226, radium-228, and potassium-40, and the artificial radionuclide caesium-137, in river bottom sediments and suspended matter were monitored in the Czech Republic by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute during the period 2000-2010 and 2001-2010 respectively. The data were used to evaluate the natural background levels of these radionuclides and the impact of human activities on the water environment. For potassium-40 in sediments, the natural background level was estimated to be 570 Bq/kg. To evaluate the background level for radium-226, the river sites affected by human activities (mining and processing uranium ore, coal) were eliminated from the assessment. The average natural background values were 47.8 Bq/kg for radium-226 and 47.2 Bq/kg for radium-228 in sediments and 86.5 Bq/kg for radium-226 and 87.9 Bq/kg for radium-228 in suspended matter. The river sediments were identified as good indicators of radioactive contamination, especially radium-226, which recorded historic contamination due to former uranium mining and milling. The radium-226 contamination rate was assessed using the ratio of radium-226 to radium-228. This ratio was used to classify sediment according to the relative contamination from the uranium industry. The residual contamination of caesium-137 due to the Chernobyl accident in 1986 was also assessed. Average values of caesium-137 were 14.0 Bq/kg in sediments and 25.0 Bq/kg in suspended matter.

关键词： River Bottom Sediments Suspended Matter Surface Water Uranium Industry radioactive contamination Radium-226 Radium-228 Potassium-40 Caesium-137

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The interaction between ADAM22 and 14-3-3β

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2002年第6期45卷 577-582页

作者：朱鹏程桑瑛颖徐人尔赵璟李昌本赵寿元 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Genetics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

关键词： radioactive contamination uranium production air surface water soil crop.

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Determination of radioactive Contaminant ¹³⁷Cs (Fission Product) and Comparison with Natural ⁴⁰K Present in Mexican Strawberries

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第7期10卷 257-265页

作者： Fridda Concepción Fuentes Gama Juan Manuel Navarrete Tejero Alejandro Ramírez Chávez Miguel Ángel Zúñiga Pérez Department of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico

Several previous papers have been published about radioactive contamination in Mexican soil, marine sediments and foodstuffs. Ever since, results have been according to expectation, mainly consisting of natural isotopes in small concentration. Continuous research leads with the surprising finding of fission product 137Cs (t1/2 = 30 years) in strawberries produced in different states, about 2000 km away from each other. Never before, such contaminant has been observed in foodstuffs, produced in this country. The aim of this work is to report the presence of 137Cs in Mexican strawberries and compare the activity of such contaminant with the natural radioactivity of 40K (t1/2 = 1.28 × 109 years), through gamma spectrometry. Eventually, the specific activity of 137Cs observed in samples FM4, FM5 and FBC is respectively 0.7, 0.8 and 0.3 Bq/kg. The limits established in CODEX-STAN-193-1995 for 137Cs are 1000 Bq/kg, so all samples meet the recommendation. It’s presence now in vegetables result with enough interest to be known and considered in the near future to measure the possible effect that radioactive contamination could reach after nearly 80 years from second world war, where no nuclear test has been performed, nuclear accident occurred, neither nuclear weapon has ever been used.

关键词： radioactive contamination

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