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第十四届中国医师协会神经外科医师年会

作者： Xiao Yue Fengming Lan Tianjin Huanhu Hospital Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute Department of Radiation Oncology Tianjin Hospital

Purpose Glycolytic reprogramming is a typical feature of many cancers;however, key regulators of glucose metabolism reengineering are poorly understood, especially in glioma. Methods Bioinformatic analyses, luciferase reporter assay, biochemical assays, and subcutaneous tumor establishment were used to characterize the signaling pathways of miR-448 in response to radiation treatment. Glucose consumption, LDH activity and cellular ATP were measured to determine glycolysis ability of glioma cells. Results Firstly, miR-448 is identified to be significantly downregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Interestingly, our studies indicated that miR-448 acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits glycolysis in glioma by negatively regulating HIF-1α and its downstream glycolytic regulators, HK1, HK2 and LDH-A. Overexpression of miR-448 enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cells to X-radiation. Finally, in vivo experiments with xenografts confirmed that high expression of miR-448 in tumor cells increased radio-sensitivity via inhibiting glycolysis. Conclusions miR-448 promotes radio-sensitivity by negatively regulating glycolysis in glioma. A newly identified miR-448-HIF-1α axis acts as a potential therapeutic approach to overcome radio-resistance for glioma treatment.

关键词： glioma miR-448 HIF-1α radio-sensitivity glycolysis

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Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第2期7卷 339-351页

作者： Festus Olakunle Olasupo Christopher Olumuyiwa Ilori Brian Peter Forster Souleymane Bado Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Plant Breeding Section Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria Biohybrids International Ltd. Reading UK Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency Laboratories Seibersdorf Austria

Mutagenesis is used for creating new genetic variability in cultivar improvement. Optimal mutagenic treatment is required for effective mutation induction in crop species. Therefore, radio-sensitivity of cowpea accessions to gamma irradiation was investigated. Seeds of eight cowpea accessions were irradiated with 60Co gamma radiation doses of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy. The seeds were sown in pots to evaluate the treatment effects on seed germination (SG), seedling survival (SS) and growth habits of M1 generation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Low rates of SG (10% - 45%) were recorded at higher doses (500 - 400 Gy) in Ife Brown (IB) and its derivatives, whereas high SG rates (74% - 94%) were observed in IT90K-284-2 across all treatments. Percentage SS was inversely related to gamma dosage. A wide range of LD50 for SG (329 - 1054 Gy) and SS (149 - 620 Gy) were observed across the cowpea accessions. Low LD50 scores for SG (329 - 516 Gy) and SS (149 - 357 Gy) were observed among cowpea with rough seed coat, whereas cowpea with smooth seed coat recorded higher LD50 for SG (521 and 1054 Gy) and SS (449 and 620 Gy). Seed germination LD50 and SS LD50 were highly correlated with mean coat thickness (0.899 and 0.937) than mean seed weight (0.621 and 0.678). Gamma irradiation of cowpea seed at low dosage (100 Gy) increased the vigor of M1 seedlings with respect to primary leaf area, terminal leaflet area, seedling height and plant height at six weeks. Doses of 200 Gy and above resulted in a progressive reduction in vigor of plant and seed setting of cowpea. radio-sensitivity varied with cowpea genotype and was associated with seed testa texture, thickness and seed weight. Low gamma irradiation treatment (100 Gy) may be used to enhance seedling vigor, vegetative growth and yield of cowpea at M1 generation.

关键词： Cowpea Mutagenesis radio-sensitivity Gamma Irradiation Optimum Mutation Treatment

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Preparation, Characterization and in Vitro Evaluation of the Antitumor Activity of the Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2016年第2期5卷 149-166页

作者： Omama E. Elshawy Eman A. Helmy Laila A. Rashed Health Radiation Research Department National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority (AEA) Cairo Egypt Regional Centre of Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Medical Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

This study was concentrated on the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Penicillium aurantiogresium (IMI 89372) with a focus on its cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MCT cancer cell lines as well as Vero (normal) cell line that was assessed by crystal violet assay after treatment with various concentrations (0.44 – 145 μg/ml) for 24 h. The cell morphology was examined by inverted light microscopy. Further, the radiosensitizing effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on MCF-7 was also demonstrated by assessing cell morphology, cell proliferation of MTT assay, LDH activity and induction of apoptosis through checking of some apoptotic genes that altered during carcinogenesis, including caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2. Caspase-3 activity was also estimated. Synthesis of AgNPs was determined by UV-Visible spectrum and it was further characterized by TEM, FT-IR and X-Ray analysis (EDX, XRD). The biosynthesized AgNPs were spherical and of 12.7 nm in size as recorded by direct electron microscopy visualization. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed variation in cytotoxicity against MCF-7, MCT and Vero cell lines in a concentration dependant response with a varied degree of alteration in cell morphology. The result showed that AgNPs were highly toxic towards MCF-7 with IC50 value of 10.5 μg/ml. Treatment of MCF-7 (10.5 μg/ml) prior to irradiation improved the effect of irradiation dose (6 Gy) via increasing alteration of cell morphology, inhibition of cell proliferation, activation of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase-3 leading to induction of apoptosis which was further confirmed through increasing nuclear DNA damage and up regulation of caspase 3 and Bax genes and downrgulation of Bcl-2 genes. In conclusion, the present findings clearly indicated that AgNPs showed dose dependant cytotoxicity and verified that AgNPs acted as a potent radiosensitizer and could enhance gamma irradiation induced killing of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

关键词： Penicillium aurantiogriseum Silver Nanoparticles in Vitro Cytotoxicity radio-sensitivity

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