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Enhanced catalysis of ultrasmall Au-MoS_2 clusters against reactive oxygen species for radiation protection

Science Bulletin 2018年第14期63卷 925-934页

作者： Peixian Bian Jinxuan Zhang Junying Wang Jiang Yang Jingya Wang Haile Liu Yuanming Sun Meixian Li Xiao-Dong Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine Institute of Radiation MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Analytical Chemistry College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology School of SciencesTianjin University State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Ionizing radiation produces excessive reactive oxygen species （ROS） which impose detrimental effects on biological systems. Thus, it is important to explore clinically safe and efficacious radioprotection agents to scavenge ROS and reduce the risks of radiotherapy. Recently, emerging catalytic nanomaterials such as sulfide nanomaterials have shown capability of clearing ROS in vivo by unique electron transfers between atoms, but their catalytic activities are yet suboptimal. As such, there is an unmet need to improve cat- alytic properties for stronger antioxidant activities and radiation protection. Herein, we prepared ultra- small Au-MoS2 clusters （~***） and they showed enhanced catalytic properties via gold intercalation facilitating increased active sites and synergistic effects. Electrocatalysis results revealed that the catalytic activity of Au-MoS2 towards 1-1202 was superior to ultrasmall MoS2 without Au. As a result, we found that improving the electrocatalytic property of Au-MoS2 can effectively enhance corre- sponding antioxidant activities and radioprotection effects in vivo. In addition, Au-MoS2 also showed sig- nificant radioprotection in vitro and dramatically reduced the excess of radiation-induced adverse ROS. It also rescued radiation-induced DNA damages and protected the bone marrow hematopoietic system from ionizing radiation.

关键词： Au-MoS2 Reactive oxygen species Catalytic activity radiation protection

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radiation protection knowledge and practices among Moroccan dentists:A cross-sectional study

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radiation Medicine and protection 2024年第2期5卷 131-138页

作者： Naoual Elmorabit Majdouline Obtel Mohamed Azougagh Oumkeltoum Ennibi Laboratory of Research on Oral Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Dental MedicineMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco National Graduate of Arts and Crafts(ENSAM) Mohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco

Objective:To analyze the current status of knowledge and practices among the Moroccan dentists in the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra,towards radiation ***:This is a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire related to knowledge and practice regarding radiation protection of patients and dental staff from April to June *** study sample included 325 dentists practicing in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra *** target population consisted of all dentists working in public,semipublic and private ***:96.6%of dentists were aware of radiation ***,nearly 35%were aware of ALARA(as low as reasonably achievable)principle and 73.9%thought that dental X-rays are harmful.63.6%of subjects used digital image *** 16.7%of them used a film holder and more than 60%didn't follow the position and distance *** median knowledge score was 7[5,9],and there was a statistically significant difference according to dentist qualification(P=0.007),dental radiation protection continuous training(Pradiation protection measures and tools as well as dose reduction techniques could increase their safe practices in dental radiology.

关键词： Dentists radiation protection Awareness Dental radiography

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radiation protection of a Patient Undergoing an Orthopedic Procedure by Using a Mobile C-Arm X-Ray System

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and radiation Oncology 2020年第3期9卷 141-156页

作者： Natasha Ivanova Department Physics and Biophysics Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov” Varna Bulgaria

Modern medicine is unthinkable without X-rays. Accurate diagnosis, leading to effective treatment, is largely based on precise X-ray examinations. The creation of new, modern equipment and various medical procedures that meet the increased requirements are a priority in our time. X-ray examinations are of particular importance for the orthopedic and traumatological clinics, where they provide information about presence of a fracture in the patient’s body, about the concrete operation performed or about the effect of a suitable treatment. Along with their benefits X-rays have also a harmful effect. This requires special care to protect from this radiation. In this direction, research is constantly being done to improve the quality of radiation protection. Park MR, Lee KM and co-authors, compare the dose load obtained using C-arm and O-arm X-ray systems (which have the capability of combined 2D fluoroscopy and 3D computed tomography imaging). In their study, an orthopedic surgical procedure using C-arm and O-arm systems in 2D fluoroscopy modes was simulated. The radiation doses to susceptible organs of the operators were investigated. He results obtained show that the O-arm system delivered higher doses to the sensitive organs of the operator in all configurations [1]. The article of Stephen Balte briefly reviews the available technologies for measuring or estimation of patient skin dose in the interventional fluoroscopic environment, created by various X-ray equipment including C-arm systems. Given that many patients require multiple procedures, this documentation also aids in the planning of follow up visits [2]. Chong Hing Wong, Yoshihisa Kotani and co-authors evaluate the radiation exposures (RE) to the patient and surgeon during minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery with instrumentation using C-arm image intensifier or O-arm intraoperative CT. The results they get are in favor of the O-arm system [3]. The article “Virtual fluoroscopy for intraoperative C-arm po

关键词： C-Arm X-Ray Equipment radiation protection Patient Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic

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Capacity Building and Transfer of Know-how in radiation protection. Dissemination of Enetrap Projects Results

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Journal of Health Science 2017年第1期5卷 25-32页

作者： Cristina Llorente Herranz Marisa Marco Arboli Michele Coeck Marcel Schouwenburg Heleen van Elsacker-Degenaar Paul Livolsi Education and Training department CIEMAT Madrid 28040 Spain Academy for Nuclear Science and Technology SCK'CEN Brussels 2400 Belgium Training Center Delft TUDelft Delft 2600 The Netherlands radiation and Environment department NRG Consultancy & Services Petten 1755 The Netherlands Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology CEA-INSTN 38054 Grenoble France

The ENETRAP （European Network on Education and Training in RAdiological protection） project series, since the first edition in 2005 till the current ENETRAP III, always have been the objective to maintain a high level of competence in radiation protection （RP）, assuring the continued development of suitable well-trained personnel and adequate knowledge management. This objective is crucial to ensure future safe use of ionizing radiations （IR） and the development of new technologies in a safe way. A big effort and lot of work has been done in these 11 years including the new definitions in the BSS for RP Expert （RPE）, RP Officer （RPO） and Medical Physics Expert （MPE） which are the basis for future national development and implementation and adequate the high-level education and training （E＆T） in the countries. In order to manage all the valuable results of the projects and to distribute them to the society, is required a tool, developed with this specific propose, that will be the object of this paper.

关键词： Capacity building radiation protection education & training radiation protection Expert radiation protection Officer knowledge management ECVET Train-the-trainers.

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Inventory of radiation protection in Hospitals of Level III in Senegal

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2021年第4期11卷 397-406页

作者： Boucar Ndong Sidi Ahmed Dia Mamadou Salif Djigo Herbert Fachinan El Hadji Lamine Bathily Ousseynou Diop Kanta Ka Gérard Léra Kelvin Akpo El Hadji Fallou Diouf Louis Auguinstin Diaga Diouf Pape Mady Sy Alphonse Djiboune Gora Mbaye Maguette Diagne Omar Ndoye Mamadou Mbodji Laboratoire de Biophysique Médecine Nucléaire Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Service de Médecine du Travail Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Benin Service de Radiothérapie de Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Service de Radiologie de l’Hô pital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Laboratoire de Physique Pharmaceutique Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Service de Radiothérapie de l’Hô pital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of protection of employees who are exposed to radiation in a level III hospital establishment. It was a descriptive cross-sectional survey of six months’ duration, involving eight level III Hospitals (Aristide Le Dantec, Fann, Hoggy, Hear, Abass Ndao, Pikine, Touba, and Thiès) in Senegal. Sixty-one of the one hundred questionnaires were recovered (overall response rate of 61%). The population of the study was mainly female (54.1%). The average age was 38.57 with extremes ranging from 23 to 65 years old. In the places where ionizing radiation sources are handled, only at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital did we find a “competent person in radiation protection”. This explained the lack of a classification of employees and work areas. Forty out of sixty-one (73.77%) had no knowledge of the basic principles of radiation protection (justification, optimisation, dose limitation) and had not ever taken radiation holidays. For radiovigilance, exposure time limits to ionizing radiation concerned only 29/61 or 47.54% of the study population. The inverse square law of distance was known by only 40 workers, of whom 15 had no compliance. We found the presence of dosifilms in only 7/61 or 11.47% of the workers. On the other hand, the use of lead aprons was well established and concerned 57/61 workers, i.e., 93.44%. In sum, ionizing radiation causes adverse health effects. The absence of a good radiation protection culture in Senegal requires the presence of at least 4 to 5 competent persons in radiation protection for quality training of workers in radiobiology, radiopathology and radiation protection.

关键词： Ionizing radiation radiation protection Workers Senegal

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Knowledge and Practices of Health Professionals on the Optimization of radiation protection in Diagnostic Radiology in Children and Adults in the General Referral Hospitals of Bukavu in South Kivu, DRC

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第7期10卷 97-113页

作者： Minga Barthelemy Bope Kwete Francy Pembi Kankiesa Nestor Ngoyi Bope Pierre Muanyim Mukambilwa Docksin Byeka Kapia Patrick Milambo Bushebu Sylvie Mbulu Lupongu Arthur Munanga Luzolo Emery Kafinga ISTM-Kinshasa/Community Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo ISTM-Kinshasa/Occupational Health Safety and Environmental Management Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo UPN-Kinshasa/Pedagogy and Didactics of Health Sciences Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo ISTM-Kinshasa/Medical Imaging Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

The aim of this research was to assess the knowledge and practices of radiological versus non-radiological health professionals on the optimisation of radiation protection in paediatric and adult radiology in BUKAVU hospitals. To achieve this, we surveyed a convenience sample of 73 health professionals including 23 radiologists working in the hospitals surveyed to assess knowledge and level of implementation of radiation protection principles. Also, physical parameters were taken for the calculation of entry doses in paediatric and adult radiology units for comparison with the International Commission on Radiological protection (ICRP) diagnostic reference levels. After analysis of the data, the following was found: although radiologists have sufficient knowledge of radiation protection standards, technical constraints do not allow them to observe the dose limitation principle recommended by the ICRP. This is why several radiology departments, including those of the HPGRB, the MWANZI clinic and CIRIRI hospital, have proved to be very irradiating for children. However, radiologists and non-radiologists alike do not contribute positively to the optimisation of radiation protection in the diagnostic use of X-rays. Therefore, support in the implementation of radiation protection principles and regular monitoring of the units as well as replacement of non-standard equipment is necessary to promote patient and environmental safety by optimising radiation protection.

关键词： Optimisation radiation protection Knowledge/Practice Paediatric Radio Diagnostic Reference

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Physicians’knowledge about radiation protection of patients during prescription of CT scan procedures in Morocco

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radiation Medicine and protection 2023年第1期4卷 54-59页

作者： Bouchra Amaoui Fatima Safini Laila Lahlou Mohamed El Fahssi Sanae Abbaoui Slimane Semghouli Faculty of Medicine&Pharmacy University Ibn ZohrAgadirMorocco Regional Center of Oncology AgadirMorocco Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques AgadirMorocco

Objective:To evaluate the knowledge and practices of Moroccan physicians in terms of radioprotection of patients when prescribing computed tomography(CT)***:This is a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire with 23 multiple-choice questions was sent to prescribers of CT examinations such as radiotherapists(RMs),other medical specialists(OMSs),general practitioners(GPs)and residents/interns(R/Is).The first eight questions asked about the demographics of the participants,while the remaining questions asked about knowledge of ionizing radiation examinations,doses received,relative risks,and patient radiation safety ***:A total of 223 physicians participated in this *** therapists,considered as the reference group,had a better knowledge of irradiating and non-irradiating imaging compared to the other groups(P=0.003).Thus,67%of the reference group declared to take into account the number of scans performed by the patient during the last year,unlike the other groups(P=0.002).Furthermore,the knowledge of the different groups about the risks related to exposure to ionizing radiation was globally low(2%)(P=0.73).Regardless of their specialties and seniority,only 12%of the participants informed the patient at the time of prescription about the risks of ***,only 21%of the participants declared having had training in radiation protection,with no significant differences between the subgroups(P=0.832).Conclusions:The results obtained are similar to those reported in previous *** show that Moroccan prescribers have a low level of knowledge of the risks associated with CT *** on patient radiation protection should be included in the initial curriculum of interns and the continuing professional development of physicians should be reinforced.

关键词： CT Ionizing radiation radiation protection X-rays radiation risks

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Study on Compliance with radiation protection Rules in the Medical Imaging Department of Pr Bocar Sidy Sall Hospital of Kati (Mali)

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第4期12卷 239-257页

作者： Issa Diarra Salia Coulibaly Ilias Guindo Cheick Oumar Keita Soumaïla Diallo Souleymane Sanogo Hawa Diarra Boubacar Sonfo Aboubacar Sidiky N’diaye Youssouf Kone Bourama Diarra Medical Imaging Department The CHU Pr Bocar Sidy Sall Kati Mali Medical Imaging Department Perinatal Clinic Mohamed VI Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Department The Mother-Child Hospital Luxembourg Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Department The Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali Pasteur Polyclinic Bamako Mali Centre Hospitalier Jacques Boutard Saint Yrieix La Perche France Centre de Radiologie Diagnostique et Interventionnelle CRDI Bamako Mali

Objective: Evaluate the level of compliance with radiation protection rules in the medical imaging department of the University Hospital Center (CHU) of Kati. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in the medical imaging department of Pr Bocar Sidy Sall (BSS) Hospital of Kati. A questionnaire was developed and sent to the staff of the medical imaging department. The assessment focused on the radiation protection of personnel, radiation protection measures for patients, the delimitation and signage of zoning as well as the application of radiation protection principles. Results: Twenty-one people participated in the study, 90% of whom were men. The 30 - 39 age group was predominant with 61.90%. 33.33% of the staff knew the principles of radiation protection;86% of our sample knew the basic rules of radiation protection. The majority of the staff in the imaging department (61.90%) had a perfect knowledge of protective equipment. For 76% of our workforce, the limits of the radiation doses received are regulated in Mali. 76% of those surveyed have not taken any additional training in radiation protection. The doors are closed during the X-ray examination for 76.19% of the respondents and 95% of the staff put themselves behind the sealed screen during the examination. For 81% of the respondents, the design of the premises met radiation protection standards. 62% of practitioners have a dosimeter and 80% of them wear it during their shift. For 62% of our sample, the change of the dosimeter is quarterly. The systematic request for DDR (date of last menstrual period) in women and the adaptation of the delivered dose to the patient’s morphology was only carried out by 65% of practitioners. The majority of staff (81%) did not benefit from medical surveillance, while for 55% of respondents the level of radiation protection in the establishment was average. Conclusion: This study enabled us to highlight the shortcomings in terms of radiation pr

关键词： radiation protection Compliance X-Rays Dosimetry

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Assessment of radiation protection knowledge and practices among radiographers in the central region of Ghana

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radiation Medicine and protection 2022年第3期3卷 146-151页

作者： Emmanuel Fiagbedzi Philip Nii Gorleku Savanna Nyarko Adomako Asare Gideon Ackah Ndede Department of Medical Imaging Technology and Sonography College of Health and Allied SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To assess the radiation protection practices and knowledge among radiographers in the central region of ***:A cross-sectional study was carried out among practicing radiographers in three selected *** study was carried out from January to October 2021.A self-administered questionnaire comprising three sections was given out to 20 participants to *** were analyzed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)version 25.0 and logistic regression ***:The study revealed that over ninety percent of the radiographers had dosimeters but only 25%wear them *** to radiation protection measures and practices was found to be generally fairly satisfactory,but was high in the age group ***,Knowledge of radiation protection practices amongst the radi-ographers was generally *** experience of fewer than 5 years(P=0.035)gave a high odds ratio(OR)and was of a significant value in determining the radiation training and courses undertaken by these ***:The adherence to radiation protection practices was fairly satisfactory,and the knowledge of radi-ation protection practices was generally high,but that is not *** is more room for improvement to ensure knowledge is put into practice to enhance proper safety measures,ensure effective work,and overall reduce the negative effects of ionizing radiation.

关键词： Radiographer radiation protection Practices Ionizing radiations

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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF radiation protection OPTIMIZATION DURING NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS MAINTENANCE OUTAGE

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RADIATION PROTECTION OPTIMIZATION DURI...

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第十三届国际核工程大会

作者： Hong HuangNuclear Power Qinshan Joint Venture Co. Ltd.

＜正＞ The article simply dissertate optimization of radiation protection and some elements to affect the optimization. The implementation of first plant maintenance outage for unit No.1 of NPQJVC is analyzed and evaluated with references of data from some international publications. And some ideas and suggestions for improvement of radiation protection optimization are raised.

关键词： radiation protection Optimization Maintenance outage and refueling Dose

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