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Field-assisted thermionic emission toward quantitative modeling of charge-transfer mechanisms in contact electrification

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SmartMat 2022年第4期3卷 619-631页

作者： Xin Xia Haoyu Wang Yunlong Zi Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongShatinN.T.China

Charge transfer mechanisms of contact electrification(CE)are essential for widening applications of the triboelectric nanogenerator,and thus are widely studied by scientists around the ***,the quantitative modeling of CE,especially that between polymers,is still ***,a model was proposed to describe the contributions from different mechanisms,including electron transfer and mass transfer in polymer/polymer CE through the fieldassisted thermionic emission,where three groups of charge transfer mechanisms were distinguished by the polarity of the charge transfer and the corresponding electric *** results indicated that the total generated charge in CE is actually much larger than the measured net surface charge,confirming the bidirectional material-dependent charge transfer mechanisms between two surfaces,which is meaningful for understanding the millennium puzzle in triboelectrification and provides a new perspective for promoting the applications to tailor surface charge generation.

关键词： charge-transfer mechanism contact electrification field-assisted thermionic emission quantitative modeling triboelectric effect

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DATA-DRIVEN quantitative modeling OF BACTERIAL ACTIVE NEMATICS

DATA-DRIVEN QUANTITATIVE MODELING OF BACTERIAL ACTIVE NEMATI...

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中国化学会第十七届全国胶体与界面化学学术会议

作者：张何朋 School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Active matter comprises individual units that convert energy into mechanical motion. In many examples, such as bacterial systems and biofilament assays, constituent units are elongated and can give rise to local nematic orientational order. Such `active nematics’ systems have attracted much attention from both theorists and experimentalists. However, despite intense research efforts, data-driven quantitative modeling has not been achieved, a situation mainly due to the lack of systematic experimental data and to the large number of parameters of current models. Here we introduce a new active nematics system made of swarming filamentous bacteria. We simultaneously measure orientation and velocity fields and show that the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of our system can be quantitatively reproduced by a new type of microscopic model for active suspensions whose important parameters are all estimated from comprehensive experimental data. This provides unprecedented access to key effective parameters and mechanisms governing active nematics. Our approach is applicable to different types of dense suspensions and shows a path towards more quantitative active matter research.

关键词： Bacteria collective motion Active nematics Topological defects quantitative modeling

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A new hybrid framework of site selection for groundwater recharge

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 151-162页

作者： Saman Javadi Masoud Saatsaz SMehdy Hashemy Shahdany Aminreza Neshat Sami Ghordoyee Milan Sara Akbari Department of Water Engineering College of AburaihanUniversity of TehranIran Center for Research in Climate Change and GlobalWarming(CRCC) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS)ZanjanIran Department of GIS/RS Faculty of Natural Resources and EnvironmentScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran Department of Civil Engineering Altaha Institute of Higher EducationTehranIran

Since incorrect site selection has sometimes led to the failure of artificial recharge projects,it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of such projects and minimize their failure by employing new ***,the present research used a combination of decision-making models,numerical groundwater modeling and clustering technique to determine suitable sites for implementation of an artificial recharge *** hybrid approach was employed for the Yasouj aquifer located in southwestern *** the first stage,by employing an AHP decision-making model,hydraulic conductivity,specific yield,slope,land use,depth to groundwater,and aquifer thickness were selected from 21 criteria used in previous *** selected criteria were then entered as input into the classical k-means clustering *** the output,aquifer was divided into seven different regions or *** clusters were then matched with the land use map,and some of the abandoned land areas were selected as the final option for implementing the artificial recharge ***,the MODFLOW code in the GMS software was used to simulate the groundwater level and cluster the sites selected,with regards to increase in groundwater *** indicated that the most significant increases in groundwater level(43 and 27 cm)were those of Clusters 2 and 6 in the northern and western parts of the aquifer,***,this approach can be used in other similar aquifers in arid and semi-arid regions to select the best sites for artificial recharge and to prevent loss of floodwaters.

关键词： quantitative modeling MODFLOW Artificial recharge AHP K-means GMS

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