Many liquid metals have a high boiling point,strong electrical conductivity,high thermal conductivity,and nontoxic properties,which make them ideal targets for applications in different fields such as optics,microcir...
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Many liquid metals have a high boiling point,strong electrical conductivity,high thermal conductivity,and nontoxic properties,which make them ideal targets for applications in different fields such as optics,microcircuits,electronic switches,micro-electromechanical System(MEMS)devices and 3D printing ***,owing to the generally high surface tension of these liquids,achieving uniform micro-droplets is often a challenge due to the inherent difficulties in controlling their size and *** this study,a gallium indium alloy(GaIn24.5)has been used in combination with a pneumatic drop-on-demand(DOD)injection technology to carry out a series of *** micro-droplet forming process has been explored for different pressure and pulse width *** metal droplets(diameter 1080μm)have been obtained with a 1.5 kPa jet pressure,100 ms pulse width,and 50%duty *** standard deviation of the measured metal droplets diameter has been found to be approximately 20μm.
A semi-analytical solution is presented using method of Laplace transform for the transient pulse electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Maxwell fluid in a circular micro-channel. The driving mode of pulse EOF here is considere...
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A semi-analytical solution is presented using method of Laplace transform for the transient pulse electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Maxwell fluid in a circular micro-channel. The driving mode of pulse EOF here is considered as an ideal rectangle pulse. The solution involves solving the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann (P-B) equation, together with the Cauchy momentum equation and the general Maxwell constitutive equation. The results show that the profiles of pulse EOF velocity vary rapidly and gradually stabilize as the increase of time within a half period. The velocity profiles at the center of the micro-channel increase significantly with relaxation time , especially for the smaller pulse width a. However, as the pulse width a increases, this change will be less obvious. At the same time, the different change frequency of velocity profiles will slow down, which means a long cycle time. Additionally, the time needed to attain the steady status becomes longer with the increase of relaxation time and pulse width a.
Using the method of Laplace transform, analytical expressions are derived for the time periodic pulse electroosmotic flow (EOF) velocity of the triangle and sawtooth of Maxwell fluid in circular microchannel. The solu...
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Using the method of Laplace transform, analytical expressions are derived for the time periodic pulse electroosmotic flow (EOF) velocity of the triangle and sawtooth of Maxwell fluid in circular microchannel. The solution involves analytically solving the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann (P-B) equation, together with the Cauchy momentum equation and the general Maxwell constitutive equation. By numerical computations of inverse Laplace transform, the effects of electrokinetic width K, relaxation time and pulse width a on the above several pulse EOF velocities are investigated. In addition, we focused on the comparison and analysis of the formulas and graphs between the triangle and sawtooth pulse EOF with the rectangle pulse EOF. The study found that there are obvious differences in formulas and graphs between triangle and sawtooth pulse EOF with rectangle pulse EOF, and the difference mainly depends on the different definitions of the three kinds of time periodic pulse waves. Finally, we also studied the stability of the above three kinds of pulse EOF and the influence of relaxation time on pulse EOF velocity under different pulse widths is discussed. We find that the rectangle pulse EOF is more stable than the triangle and sawtooth pulse EOF. For any pulse, as the pulse width a increases, the influence of the relaxation time on the pulse EOF velocity will be weakened.
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