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Analysis of Sydney＇s recycled water schemes

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 608-615页

作者： Zhuo CHEN Huu Hao NGO Wenshan GUO Xiaochang WANGt Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney Sydney 2007 Australia School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 China

Recycled water provides a viable opportunity to partially supplement fresh water supplies as well as substantially alleviate environmental loads. Currently, thousands of recycled water schemes have been success- fully conducted in a number of countries and Sydney is one of the leading cities, which has made massive effort to apply water reclamation, recycling and reuse. This study aims to make a comprehensive analysis of recycled water schemes in Sydney for a wide range of end uses such as landscape irrigation, industrial process uses and residential uses （e.g., golf course irrigation, industrial cooling water reuse, toilet flushing and clothes washing etc.）. For each representative recycled water scheme, this study investi- gates the involved wastewater treatment technologies, the effluent quality compared with specified guideline values and public attitudes toward different end uses. Based on these obtained data, multi criteria analysis （MCA） in terms of risk, cost-benefit, environmental and social aspects can be performed. Consequently, from the analytical results, the good prospects of further expansion and exploration of current and new end uses were identified toward the integrated water planning and management. The analyses could also help decision makers in making a sound judgment for future recycled water projects.

关键词： recycled water schemes end use waterquality public attitudes integrated water planning andmanagement

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Do people really support conservation?Evidence from China and the United States

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2022年第1期20卷 12-18页

作者： Mengqiao Wang Department of Politics and public Administration The University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China

Survey studies have consistently shown strong public support for biodiversity conservation,even though conservation regulations often face strong local resistance when they are *** seemingly contradictory phenomenon is due to the fact that previous polls have sought opinion only in the abstract,yet many conservation measures are implemented at the expense of local economic development,and policymakers often face a‘Conservation-Development Tradeoff’-a policy dilemma that remains understudied by social *** fill this gap,this study conducts one of the first comparative surveys on public support for biodiversity conservation in China and the United States.I measure public support for conservation using two separate question versions ***‘regular version’asks directly about individual support for biodiversity conservation,and the“tradeoff version”asks the same question but in the context of the policy *** results show that both American and Chinese citizens are highly supportive of conservation in the *** after they learn about the tradeoff effect,the aggregate support falls sharply,and the Chinese citizens show significantly less support compared to their American *** survey findings expanded on existing academic research on public attitudes toward conservation policies and can encourage future conservation policymakers to understand the significance of the tradeoff issue,as conventional wisdom may have overestimated public support for biodiversity ***,as China has become a crucial player in global conservation governance,understanding the Chinese public sentiment on the real-world policy dilemma can have important implications for conservation policymaking in the world.

关键词： China Conservation-Development Tradeoff public attitudes Survey Study United States

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