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Keep in mind sex differences when prescribing psychotropic drugs

World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 194-198页

作者： Marianna Mazza Domenico De Berardis Giuseppe Marano Department of Neurosciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Mental Health NHSASL 4 TeramoTeramo 64100Italy

Women represent the majority of patients with psychiatric diagnoses and also the largest users of psychotropic drugs.There are inevitable differences in efficacy,side effects and long-term treatment response between men and women.Psychopharmacological research needs to develop adequately powered animal and human trials aimed to consider pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of central nervous system drugs in both male and female subjects.Healthcare professionals have the responsibility to prescribe sex-specific psychopharmacotherapies with a priority to differentiate between men and women in order to minimize adverse drugs reactions,to maximize therapeutic effectiveness and to provide personalized management of care.

关键词： Women Psychopharmacology psychotropic drugs Sex differences

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psychotropic drug abuse in pregnancy and its impact on child neurodevelopment:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Afshar Etemadi-Aleagha Maryam Akhgari Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Legal Medicine Research Center Legal Medicine OrganizationTehran ***Iran

Substance abuse by women of child-bearing age and fetal in utero drug exposure has increased in the number of infants born with health issues.Prenatal exposure to psychoactive substances can lead to neurological and neurodevelopmental deficits later in life.Useful data concerning the effects of psychoactive drugs on fetal neurodevelopmental status are sparse.Understanding the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatally drug-exposed children has become a pressing global concern.The aim of this review is to gather current evidence and information on neurodevelopmental outcomes of in utero drug exposure.A literature search was performed on the PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar databases using the terms“psychotropic drugs”,“neurodevelopmental consequences”,“prenatal drug exposure”,and“pregnancy”.Available studies on in utero drug exposure were reviewed and found to support the idea that some degree of health issues are present in fetuses and children.Different psychoactive substances have profound neurodevelopmental consequences,such as structural brain changes,poor attention span,Down syndrome,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism spectrum disorder,imbalances in neurotransmitter levels,and many structural deficits.The pervasive use of psychoactive drugs in women of child-bearing age is an important health concern.Further scientific efforts are needed to investigate the effect of prenatal exposure to psychoactive drugs on children.

关键词： psychotropic drugs Pregnancy Prenatal substance exposure Brain Neurodevelopmental outcomes Fetus

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Six psychotropics for pre-symptomatic ＆ early Alzheimer＇s (MCI), Parkinson＇s, and Huntington＇s disease modification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1712-1726页

作者： Edward C. Lauterbach Psychiatry and Neurology Mercer University School of Medicine Macon GA USA

The quest for neuroprotective drugs to slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases （NDDs）, including Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, Parkinson＇s disease （PD）, and Huntington＇s disease （HD）, has been largely unrewarding. Preclinical evidence suggests that repurposing quetiapine, lithium, valproate, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine for early and pre-symptomatic disease-modification in NDDs may be promising and can spare regulatory barriers. The literature of these psychotropics in early stage and pre-symptomatic AD, PD, and HD is reviewed and propitious findings follow. Mild cognitive impairment （MCI） phase of AD： salutary human randomized controlled trial findings for low-dose lithium and, in selected patients, donepezil await replication. Pre-symptomatic AD： human epidemiological data indicate that lithium reduc- es AD risk. Animal model studies （AMS） reveal encouraging results for quetiapine, lithium, donepezil, and memantine. Early PD： valproate AMS findings show promise. Pre-symptomatic PD： lithium and valproate AMS findings are encouraging. Early HD： uncontrolled clinical data indicate non-progression with lithium, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine. Pre-symptomatic HD： lithium and valproate are auspicious in AMS. Many other promising findings awaiting replication （valproate in MCI; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic AD; lithium in early PD; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic PD; donepezil in early HD; lithium, fluoxetine, memantine in pre-symptomatic HD） are reviewed. Dose- and stage-dependent effects are considered. Suggestions for signal-enhancement in human trials are provided for each NDD stage.

关键词： drug repositioning neuroprotective agents psychotropic drugs neurodegenerative diseases mildcognitive impairment humans animals animal models

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GC-MS在药物中毒快速鉴定中的应用

GC-MS在药物中毒快速鉴定中的应用

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2005年全国有机质谱学术交流会

作者：史玉坤南通市疾病预防控制中心

随着社会的发展,竞争的激烈,生存压力增加,大量服用精神类药物引起中毒或用此类药物投毒或自杀的事件时有发生。当发生突发中毒事件后,尽快查清中毒的类型,有助于病人的抢救。查明中毒原因,定性是何种毒物引起的是重点,这是抢救生命、... 详细信息

随着社会的发展,竞争的激烈,生存压力增加,大量服用精神类药物引起中毒或用此类药物投毒或自杀的事件时有发生。当发生突发中毒事件后,尽快查清中毒的类型,有助于病人的抢救。查明中毒原因,定性是何种毒物引起的是重点,这是抢救生命、处理突发中毒事件的根本;其次是检

关键词： Gas chromatography - mass spectrum Fast analysis psychotropic drugs Drug poisoning

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