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The gradual subduction-collision evolution model of proto-south china sea and its control on oil and gas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第3期42卷 123-137页

作者： Xiaojun Xie Wu Tang Gongcheng Zhang Zhigang Zhao Shuang Song Shixiang Liu Yibo Wang Jia Guo china National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

This study involved outcrop,drilling,seismic,gravity,and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of proto-south china sea(PSCS)and establish its evolution *** results indicate that a series of arc-shaped ophiolite belts and calcalkaline magmatic rocks are developed in northern Borneo,both of which have the characteristics of gradually changing younger from west to east,and are direct signs of subduction and collision of *** the same time,the subduction of PSCS led to the formation of three accretion zones from the south to the north in Borneo,the Kuching belt,Sibu belt,and Miri *** sedimentary formation of northern Borneo is characterized by a three-layer structure,with the oceanic basement at the bottom,overlying the deep-sea flysch deposits of the Rajang–Crocker group,and the molasse sedimentary sequence that is dominated by river-delta and shallow marine facies at the top,recording the whole subduction–collision–orogeny process of ***,seismic reflection and tomography also confirmed the subduction and collision of *** on the geological records of the subduction and collision of PSCS,combined with the comprehensive analysis of segmented expansion and key tectonic events in the south china sea,we establish the“gradual”subduction-collision evolution model of *** the late Eocene to middle Miocene,the Zengmu,Nansha,and Liyue–Palawan blocks were separated by West Baram Line and Balabac Fault,which collided with the Borneo block and Kagayan Ridge successively from the west to the east,forming several foreland basin systems,and PSCS subducted and closed from the west to the *** subduction and extinction of PSCS controlled the oil and gas distribution pattern of southern south china sea(SSCS)mainly in three ***,the“gradual”closure process of PSCS led to the continuous development of many large deltas in ***,the deltas formed during the subduction–collision of PS

关键词： proto-south china sea gradual subduction-collision evolution model oil and gas distribution southern south china sea Borneo

Causes of Cretaceous subduction termination below south china and Borneo:Was the proto-south china sea underlain by an oceanic plateau?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 100-124页

作者： Suzanna H.A.van de Lagemaat Licheng Cao Junaidi Asis Eldert L.Advokaat Paul R.D.Mason Mark J.Dekkers Douwe J.J.van Hinsbergen Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluMalaysia

The south china,Indochina,and Borneo margins surrounding the south china sea contain long-lived arcs that became inactive at approximately 85 Ma,even though an embayment of oceanic crust(the‘proto-south china sea’)remained in the intervening *** oceanic crust eventually subducted in the Cenozoic below Borneo and the Cagayan arc,while the modern south china sea opened in its *** investigate the enigmatic cessation of Mesozoic subduction below south china and Borneo,we studied a fragment of oceanic crust and overlying trench-fill sediments that accreted to NW Borneo during the final stages of Paleo-Pacific *** on radiolarian biostratigraphy of cherts overlying the pillow basalts and detrital zircon geochronology of the trench-fill,we constrained the minimum age of the oceanic crust during accretion to 40 *** shows that subduction cessation was not related to ridge *** analysis of pillow basalts revealed an enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt signature comparable to oceanic *** paleomagnetism,we show that this fragment of oceanic crust was not part of the Izanagi Plate but was part of a plate(the‘Pontus’Plate)separated from the Izanagi Plate by a subduction *** on the minimum 40 Ma age of the oceanic crust and its geochemistry,we suggest that Mesozoic subduction below south china and Borneo stopped when an oceanic plateau entered the trench,while the eastern plate margin with the Izanagi Plate remained *** show how our findings offer opportunities to restore plate configurations of the Panthalassa-Tethys junction region.

关键词： proto-south china sea Paleomagnetism Geochemistry Borneo Paleo-Pacific Izanagi Plate

Tectonic Evolution and Key Geological Issues of the protosouth china sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第1期95卷 77-90页

作者： TIAN Zhiwen TANG Wu WANG Pujun ZHAO Zhigang SUN Xiaomeng TANG Huafeng Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia Ministry of Land and ResourcesChangchun 130061China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

There are numerous controversies surrounding the tectonic properties and evolution of the proto-south china sea(PSCS).By combining data from previously published works with our geological and paleontological observations of the south china sea(SCS),we propose that the PSCS should be analyzed within two separate contexts:its paleogeographic location and the history of its oceanic *** respect to its paleogeographic location,the tectonic properties of the PSCS vary widely from the Triassic to the mid-Late *** the Triassic,the Paleo-Tethys and the Paleo-Pacific Oceans were the major causes of tectonic changes in the SCS,while the PCSC may have been a remnant sea residing upon Tethys or Paleo-Pacific oceanic *** the Jurassic,the Meso-Tethys and the Paleo-Pacific oceans joined,creating a PSCS back-arc basin consisting of Meso-Tethys and/or Paleo-Pacific oceanic *** the Early Cretaceous to the midLate Cretaceous,the Paleo-Pacific Ocean was the main tectonic body affecting the SCS;the PSCS may have been a marginal sea or a back-arc basin with Paleo-Pacific oceanic *** respect to its oceanic crust,due to the subduction and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific plate in southeast Asia at the end of the Late Cretaceous,the SCS probably produced new oceanic crust,which allowed the PSCS to formally *** this time,the PSCS was most likely a combination of a new marginal sea and a remnant sea;its oceanic crust,which eventually subducted and became extinct,consisted of both new oceanic crust and remnant oceanic crust from the Paleo-Pacific *** the present day,the remnant PSCS oceanic crust is located in the southwestern Nansha Trough.

关键词： tectonic evolution paleogeographic location new oceanic crust proto-south china sea

Evolution of Cenozoic sedimentary architecture in Central and southern south china sea basins

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 35-53页

作者： Wu Tang Xiao-Jun Xie Yi-Bo Wang Lian-Qiao Xiong Jia Guo Xin Li china National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Beijing 100028China

The Central and southern south china sea(CSSCS) has a complex tectonic dynamic background and abundant oil and gas resources, which has always been a hot topic of academic and industrial ***, systematic analyses are still lacking regarding its sediment filling structure and evolution, mostly due to limited borehole penetration and poor quality of seismic reflection data for deeply buried sequences. No consensus has been reached yet on the sedimentary infilling processes, which impeded the reconstruction of the palaeogeography of southeast Asia and the oil-and-gas exploration undertakings. Here, we illustrate the Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of the CSSCS region by synthesizing relevant data from previous literature and our own observations and displaying the evolution of depositional systems in sequential reconstructions. Besides, the controlling factors of preferred sedimentary scenarios in the CSSCS incorporate the latest interpretations of the spreading of south china sea(SCS) as well as the demise of the hypothetical proto-south china sea(PSCS). The results show that there are three types of sedimentary basins in the CSSCS(foreland,strike-slip, and rift basins) with different sedimentary filling structures. The foreland basins formed a depositional pattern of ‘transition from deep water to shallow water environments', dominated by deep-water depositional systems which were formed before the Early Oligocene with submarine fans developed. Later,the foreland basins were gradually dominated by shallow-water depositional systems with deltas and shallow marine facies. The strike-slip basins showed the depositional architecture of ‘transition from lake to marine environments', i.e. the basins were dominated by lacustrine deposits during the Eocene and evolved into the marine depositional environment since Oligocene with delta developed in the western part of the basin. The depositional evolution of rift basins illustrated the characteristics of 'transiti

关键词： Central and southern south china sea Sedimentary filling Main controlling factors proto-south china sea south china sea

Initiation and evolution of the south china sea: an overview

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Acta Geochimica 2016年第3期35卷 215-225页

作者： Weidong Sun CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Different models have been proposed for the formation and tectonic evolution of the south china sea(SCS), including extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula,backarc extension, two-stage opening, proto-SCS dragging,extension induced by a mantle plume, and integrated models that combine diverse factors. Among these, the extrusion model has gained the most attention. Based on simpli?ed physical experiments, this model proposes that collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates resulted in extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula, which in turn led to opening of the SCS. The extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula, however, should have led to preferential opening in the west side of the SCS, which is contrary to observations. Extensional models propose that the SCS was a backarc basin, rifted off the south china Block. Most of the backarc extension models, however, are not compatible with observations in terms of either age or subduction direction. The two-stage extension model is based on extensional basins surrounding the SCS. Recent dating results indeed show two-stage opening in the SCS, but the southwest Subbasin of the SCS is much younger, which contradicts the two-stage extension model. Here we propose a re?ned backarc extension model. There was a wide Neotethys Ocean between the Australian and Eurasian Plates before the Indian-Eurasian collision. The ocean ?oor started to subduct northward at *125 Ma, causing backarc extension along the southern margin of the Eurasian Plate and the formation of the proto-SCS. The Neotethys subduction regime changed due to ridge subduction in the Late Cretaceous, resulting in fold-belts, uplifting, erosion, and widespread unconformities. It may also have led to the subduction of the proto-SCS. Flat subduction of the ridge may have reached further north and resulted in another backarc extension that formed the SCS. The rollback of the?at subducting slab might have occurred *90 Ma ago; the second backarc extension may have initiated betwee

关键词： south china sea Neotethys Plate subduction Ridge subduction Indochina Peninsula extrusion Backarc extension Multiple plate interactions proto-south china sea

Differences in the Tectonic Evolution of Basins in the Centralsouthern south china sea and their Hydrocarbon Accumulation Conditions

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第1期95卷 30-40页

作者： TANG Wu ZHAO Zhigang SONG Shuang WANG Yibo XIE Xiaojun LIU Shixiang CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

To reveal the causes of differences in the hydrocarbon accumulation in continental marginal basins in the centralsouthern south china sea,we used gravity-magnetic,seismic,drilling,and outcrop data to investigate the tectonic histories of the basins and explore how these tectonic events controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in these *** the subduction of the Cenozoic proto-south china sea and the expansion of the new south china sea,the continental margin basins in the central-southern south china sea could be classified as one of three types of epicontinental basins:southern extensional-foreland basins,western extensional-strike slip basins,and central extensional-drift *** these basins have different tectonic and sedimentary histories,they also differ in their accumulated hydrocarbon *** the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the southern south china sea generally progressed through three stages:faulting and subsidence from the late Eocene to the early Miocene,inversion and uplift in the middle Miocene,and subsidence since the late *** source rocks with marine-continental transitional facies dominated byⅡ-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in extremely thick Miocene sedimentary series with the filling characteristics being mainly deep-water deposits in the early stage and shallow water deposits in the late *** well-developed sandstone and carbonate reservoirs,this stratum has a strong hydrocarbon generation *** the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the western south china sea also progressed through the three developmental stages discussed *** source rocks with lacustrine facies,marine-continental transitional facies,and terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅡ2-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in the relatively thick stratum with the filling characteristics being mainly lacustrine deposits in the early stage and marine deposits in the late *** a reservoir comprised of self-generated a

关键词： tectonic evolution hydrocarbon accumulation continental margin central-southern south china sea proto-south china sea

Formation and evolution of the south china sea since the Late Mesozoic:A review

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china Geology 2023年第1期6卷 154-167页

作者： Xue-jie Li Zhe Wang Yong-jian Yao Hong-fang Gao Song Zhu Zi-ying Xu Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510760China

The existing genetic models of the south china sea(SCS)include an extrusion model of the Indochina Peninsula,a back-arc extension model,and a subduction and dragging model of the proto-south china sea(PSCS).However,none of these models has been universally accepted because they do not fully match a large number of geological phenomena and *** examining the regional tectonics and integrating them with measured data for the SCS,in this study,a back-arc spreading-sinistral shear model is *** is suggested that the SCS is a back-arc basin formed by northward subduction of the PSCS and its formation was triggered by left-lateral strike-slip motion due to the northward drift of the Philippine sea *** left-lateral strike-slip fault on the western margin caused by the Indo-Eurasian collision changed the direction of the southwest Sub-basin's spreading axis from nearly E–W to NE–SW,and subduction retreat caused the spreading ridge to jump *** study summarizes the evolution of the SCS and adjacent regions since the Late Mesozoic.

关键词： proto-south china sea Neotethys Back-arc extension Sinistral strike-slip Marine geological survey engineering south china sea