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Negative Feedback Regulation of Auxin Signaling by ATHB8/ACL5-BUD2 Transcription Module

Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1006-1025页

作者： Simona Baima Valentina Forte Marco Possenti Andres Penalosa Guido Leoni Sergio Salvi Barbara Felici Ida Ruberti Giorgio Morelli Food and Nutrition Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via Ardeatina 546 00178 Rome Italy Present address: Department of Physics Sapienza University of Rome Rle A Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy Present address: Soil-Plant System Studies Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via della Navicella 2-4 00184 Rome Italy Institute of Biology Molecular Medicine and NanoBiotechnology National Research Council Rle A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy

The role of auxin as main regulator of vascular differentiation is well established, and a direct correlation between the rate of xylem differentiation and the amount of auxin reaching the （pro）cambial cells has been proposed. It has been suggested that thermospermine produced by ACAULIS5 （ACL5） and BUSHY AND DWARF2 （BUD2） is one of the factors downstream to auxin contributing to the regulation of this process in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the mechanism through which ACL5 modulates xylem differentiation. We show that an increased level of ACL5 slows down xylem differentiation by negatively affecting the expression of homeodomain-leucine zipper （HD- ZIP） III and key auxin signaling genes. This mechanism involves the positive regulation of thermospermine biosynthesis by the HD-ZIP III protein ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX8 tightly controlling the expression of ACL5 and BUD2. In addition, we show that the HD-ZIP III protein REVOLUTA contributes to the increased leaf vascularization and long hypocotyl phenotype of acl5 likely by a direct regulation of auxin signaling genes such as LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT2 （LAX2） and LAX3. We propose that proper formation and differentiation of xylem depend on a balance between positive and negative feedback loops operating through HD-ZIP III genes.

关键词： auxin procambium thermospermine autoregulation auxin influx transporters Arabidopsis.

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CLE peptide-mediated signaling in shoot and vascular meristem development

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Frontiers in Biology 2017年第6期12卷 406-420页

作者： Thai Q. Dao Jennifer C. Fletcher Plant Gene Expression Center United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Albany CA 9471 O USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Multicellular organisms rely on the transmission of information between cells to coordinate various biological processes during growth and development. Plants, like animals, utilize small peptide ligands as signaling molecules to transmit information between cells. These polypeptides typically act as extracellular messengers that are perceived by membrane-bound receptors, which then transduce the signal into the recipient cell to modify downstream gene transcription. The CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) proteins represent one of the largest and best understood families of small polypeptides in plants. Members of the CLE family play critical roles in mediating cell fate decisions during plant development, particularly within the unique meristem structures that contain stem cell reservoirs acting as sources of cells for continuous organ formation. Here we review the roles of CLE family members in regulating the activity of the shoot apical meristems that generate the aerial parts of the plants, and of the vascular meristems that produce the sugar- and water-conducting tissues. A systematic literature search was performed using the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. The keywords “CLE”, “CLV3”, “TDIF”, “meristem”, and “plant stem cells” were used as search terms. The 95 retrieved articles, dating from 1992, were organized by topic and their key findings incorporated into the text. We summarize our current understanding of how the CLE peptide CLV3 orchestrates the activity of shoot apical meristems, describing its expression, processing and movement, as well as its intracellular signal transduction pathways, key target genes and downstream gene regulatory networks. We also discuss the roles of CLE peptide signaling in the vascular meristems to promote procambial cell proliferation and suppress xylem differentiation. Signaling pathways mediated by CLE peptides are critical for stem cell maintenance and differentiation in shoot apical and vascular meristems in plants, exposing CLE genes as potenti

关键词： CLE CLV3 TDIF WUS stem cells procambium

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