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Optimized pre-treatment of high strength food waste digestate by high content aluminum-nanocluster based magnetic coagulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 430-443页

作者： Tharindu Ritigala Hailu Demissie Yanlin Chen Jiaxi Zheng Libing Zheng Jinxing Zhu Hua Fan Jiao Li Dongsheng Wang Sujithra KWeragoda Rohan Weerasooriya Yuansong Wei State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Environmental Engineering Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100101China National Water Supply and Drainage Board Katugastota 20800Sri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantana RoadKandy 20000Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry College of Natural Sciences Arbaminch University 1000Ethiopia

Coagulation-based pre-treatment efficiency of high strength digestate of food waste(HSDFW) anaerobic digestion is negated by organic ligand-catalyzed decomposition of coagulants. In this study, an efficient HSDFW pre-treatment method, magnetic seeds(MS) coagulation, was employed by using highly stable Keggin Al_(30) nanocluster(PAC_(30)), MS and polyacrylamide(PAM), and its operation was optimized by evaluating the performance of removing turbidity, total suspended solids(TSS), chemical oxygen demand(COD), and total phosphorous(TP) phosphate. Results showed that at the optimum dosage of 4.82 g/L, PAC_(30) demonstrated excellent removals as high as 98.93% ± 0.1% of turbidity, 98.04% ± 0.1% of TSS, 58.28% ± 0.3% of total COD, 99.98% ± 0.01% of TP and 99.50% ± 0.01% of dissolved phosphate, respectively. Apparent molecular weight(AMW) and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(3 D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy analyses demonstrated more efficient removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM), particularly non-biodegradable and hydrophobic components by PAC_(30) than commercial coagulant. The sedimentation was much improved from 40 min by coagulation/flocculation to about 5 min settling by MS coagulation. The PAC_(30) based magnetic coagulation(MC) presents theoretical guidance on a cost-effective and much less footprint pre-treatment alternative for high strength wastewater.

关键词： Magnetic coagulation Keggin nanocluster pre-treatment Removal mechanism Cost analysis

Nitrite pre-treatment of dewatered sludge for microbial fuel cell application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 148-155页

作者： Abdul Rasyid Ruslan Vel Murugan Vadivelu School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus

The effect of pre-treatment of dewatered sludge using different nitrite concentrations and p H for microbial fuel cell(MFC) application was investigated. The results show that the addition of nitrite was feasible to increase the solubilization rate of the sludge and may reduce mass transfer limitation at the anode. This helped the MFC to reach higher voltage and to generate more power. The higher free nitrous acid(FNA) concentration under the acidic condition helped to increase sludge solubilization. However, under an alkaline condition, during which the FNA concentration was relatively low, the solubilization of the sludge was higher. The highest voltage and power density produced was 390 mV and 153 mW/m^2, respectively, with the addition of nitrite at 100 mg-N/L and pH 9. Furthermore,it was found that elevated levels of FNA could inhibit electrogenic bacteria thus reducing power generation.

关键词： Dewatered sludge Nitrite pre-treatment Free nitrous acid Microbial fuel cell Electricity generation

Enhanced removal of organic matter and typical disinfection byproduct precursors in combined iron–carbon micro electrolysis-UBAF process for drinking water pre-treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 315-327页

作者： Yinghan Chen Tao Lin Wei Chen Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Hohai University College of Environment Hohai University

The organic matter and two types of disinfection byproduct(DBP) precursors in micropolluted source water were removed using an iron–carbon micro-electrolysis(ICME)combined with up-flow biological aerated filter(UBAF) process. Two pilot-scale experiments(ICME-UBAF and UBAF alone) were used to investigate the effect of the ICME system on the removal of organic matter and DBP precursors. The results showed that ICME pretreatment removed 15.6% of dissolved organic matter(DOM)and significantly improved the removal rate in the subsequent UBAF process. The ICME system removed 31% of trichloromethane(TCM) precursors and 20% of dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN) precursors. The results of measurements of the molecular weight distribution and hydrophilic fractions of DOM and DBP precursors showed that ICME pretreatment played a key role in breaking large-molecular-weight organic matter into low-molecular-weight components, and the hydrophobic fraction into hydrophilic compounds, which was favorable for subsequent biodegradation by UBAF.Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy(3D-EEM) further indicated that the ICME system improved the removal of TCM and DCAN precursors. The biomass analysis indicated the presence of a larger and more diverse microbial community in the ICME-UBAF system than for the UBAF alone. The high-throughput sequencing results revealed that domination of the genera Sphingomonas, Brevundimonas and Sphingorhabdus contributed to the better removal of organic matter and two types of DBP precursors. Also, Nitrosomonas and Pseudomonas were beneficial for ammonia removal.

关键词： Drinking water pre-treatment Micro-electrolysis Up-flow biological aerated filter Organic matter Disinfection by-product precursors

Comparison of pre-treatment and post-treatment use of selenium in retinal ischemia reperfusion injury

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第2期8卷 263-268页

作者： Alper Yazici Hasan Aksit Esin Sogutlu Sari Arzu Yay Haydar Ali Erken Dilek Aksit Harun Cakmak Kamil Seyrek Sitki Samet Ermis Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineBalikesir University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of VeterinaryBalikesir University Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Balikesir University Department of Pharmacology Faculty of VeterinaryBalikesir University Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Adnan Menderes University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Balikesir University

AIM: To investigate the effects of selenium in rat retinal ischemia reperfusion(IR) model and compare pretreatment and post-treatment use.METHODS: Selenium pre-treatment group(n =8) was treated with intraperitoneal(i.p.) selenium 0.5 mg/kg for7 d and terminated 24 h after the IR injury. Selenium posttreatment group( n = 8) was treated with i. p. selenium0.5 mg/kg for 7d after the IR injury with termination at the end of the 7d period. Sham group(n =8) received i.***.saline injections identical to the selenium volume for 7d with termination 24 h after the IR injury. Control group(n =8) received no intervention. Main outcome measures were retina superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione(GSH),total antioxidant status(TAS), malondialdehyde(MDA),DNA fragmentation levels, and immunohistological apoptosis evaluation.RESULTS: Compared to the Sham group, selenium pre-treatment had a statistical difference in all parameters except SOD. Post-treatment selenium also resulted in statistical differences in all parameters except the MDA levels. When comparing selenium groups, the pre-treatment selenium group had a statistically higher success in reduction of markers of cell damage such as MDA and DNA fragmentation. In contrast, the post-selenium treatment group had resulted in statisticallyhigher levels of GSH. Histologically both selenium groups succeeded to limit retinal thickening and apoptosis. pre-treatment use was statistically more successful in decreasing apoptosis in ganglion cell layer compared to post-treatment use.CONCLUSION: Selenium was successful in retinal protection in IR injuries. pre-treatment efficacy was superior in terms of prevention of tissue damage and apoptosis.

关键词： retina selenium ischemia-reperfusion apoptosis pre-treatment post-treatment oxidative stress

Effect of pre-treatment on the Bi-2223/Ag Tapes Fabricated with Different Powders

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稀有金属材料与工程 2011年第S3期40卷 325-328页

作者： Li Mingya1, Chen Xingpin2, Ye Chengli1, Yu Liang1, Zhu Xu1 1 Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 2 Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China NE Univ Qinhuangdao Dept Mat Sci & Engn Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China

Samples of Bi-2223/Ag tapes fabricated with powders contained different lead oxide compounds were annealed at a temperature lower than the formation temperature of Bi-2223 phase before traditional heat treatment, which was called pretreatment. In pre-treatment stage, samples were heat treated at 780 ℃ in 8.5% O2, and the dwelling time is different. Experimental results show that pre-treatment had different influence on the formation and size of the Bi-2223 grains for tapes fabricated with powders contained different lead oxide compounds. For tapes contained both Ca2PbO4 and the 3321 phase, the decomposition of the 3321 phase enhanced the growth of Bi-2212 grains during pre-treatment process, which promoted the formation of Bi-2223 phase and enhanced the superconducting properties of Bi-2223/Ag tapes.

关键词： pre-treatment Bi-2223/Ag tapes lead oxide compounds critical current

Surface processing for iron-based degradable alloys:A preliminary study on the importance of acid pickling

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第5期7卷 166-180页

作者： Leticia Marin de Andrade Carlo Paternoster Pascale Chevallier Sofia Gambaro Paolo Mengucci Diego Mantovani Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in SurgeryDepartment of Min-Met-Materials EngineeringResearch Center of CHU de QuebecDivision of Regenerative MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCG1V 0A6Canada National Research Council Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy CNR-ICMATEGenoa16149Italy Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona60121Italy

The formation of a heterogeneous oxidized layer,also called scale,on metallic surfaces is widely recognized as a rapid manufacturing event for metals and their alloys.Partial or total removal of the scale represents a mandatory integrated step for the industrial fabrication processes of medical devices.For biodegradable metals,acid pickling has already been reported as a preliminary surface preparation given further processes,such as electropolishing.Unfortunately,biodegradable medical prototypes presented discrepancies concerning acid pickling studies based on samples with less complex geometry(e.g.,non-uniform scale removal and rougher surface).Indeed,this translational knowledge lacks a detailed investigation on this process,deep characterization of treated surfaces properties,as well as a comprehensive discussion of the involved mechanisms.In this study,the effects of different acidic media(HCl,HNO_(3),H_(3)PO_(4),CH_(3)COOH,H_(2)SO_(4) and HF),maintained at different temperatures(21 and 60℃)for various exposition time(15-240 s),on the chemical composition and surface properties of a Fe-13Mn-1.2C biodegradable alloy were investigated.Changes in mass loss,morphology and wettability evidenced the combined effect of temperature and time for all conditions.Pickling in HCl and HF solutions favor mass loss(0.03-0.1 g/cm^(2))and effectively remove the initial scale.

关键词： Biodegradable metals Iron-based alloys Acid pickling Surface finishing pre-treatment

Potential role of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in glaucoma management:evidence from preclinical in vivo studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2623-2632页

作者： Yamunadevi Lakshmanan Francisca Siu Yin Wong Kwok-Fai So Henry Ho-Lung Chan Centre for Eye and Vision Research(CEVR) 17W Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao(GHM)Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Laboratory of Experimental Optometry(Neuroscience) School of OptometryThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Centre for SHARP Vision(RCSV) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina University Research Facilities in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience(UBSN) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

In recent years,the pharmacological benefits of herbal extracts have been revisited for their potential neuroprotective effects in glaucoma.The polysaccharides extracted from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L.,or Lycium barbarum polysaccharides,exert their anti-aging effect through reducing oxidative stress,modulating the immune response,enhancing neuronal responses,and promoting cytoprotection.The therapeutic efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in preserving retinal ganglion cells and their functions was demonstrated in a range of experimental models of optic neuropathies.These include the acute and chronic ocular hypertension models,the partial optic nerve transection model,and the ischemic-reperfusion injuries model.Based on these findings,Lycium barbarum polysaccharides appear to be a good candidate to be developed as a neuroprotective agent for treating multifactorial diseases.This review aims to present a comprehensive review on the latest preclinical evidence on the pre-and post-treatment benefits of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection.The possible mechanisms of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides mediating retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection will also be described.Moreover,the potential research gaps in the effective translation of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides treatment into clinical glaucoma management will be discussed.

关键词： animal model complementary and alternative medicine glaucoma retinal ganglion cell Lycium barbarum polysaccharide neuroprotection neuro-rescue ocular hypertension post-treatment pre-treatment

High-performance oxygen reduction catalysts in both alkaline and acidic fuel cells based on pre-treating carbon material and iron precursor

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Science Bulletin 2017年第23期62卷 1602-1608页

作者： Ping Song Heather M.Barkholtz Ying Wang Weilin Xu Dijia Liu Lin Zhuang State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University

We demonstrate a new and simple method for pre-treating the carbon material and iron precursor to prepare oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) catalysts, which can produce super-high performance and stability in alkaline solution, with high performance in acid solution. This strategy using cheap materials is simply controllable. Moreover, it has achieved smaller uniform nanoparticles to exhibit high stability, and the synergetic effect of Fe and N offered much higher performance in ORR than commercial Pt/C, with high maximum power density in alkaline and acid fuel cell test. So it can make this kind of catalysts be the most promising alternatives of Pt-based catalysts with best performance/price.

关键词： pre-treatment Uniform nanoparticle Super-high performance High stability Fuel cell

Does the intrathecal propofol have a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord ischemia?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1825-1829页

作者： Murat Sahin Huriye Gullu Kemal Peker Ilyas Sayar Orhan Binici Huseyin Yildiz Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Faculty of Medicine University of Amasya Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Mengucek Gazi Research and Training Hospital Department of General Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Erzincan Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Erzincan Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Faculty of Medicine University of Sutcu Imam

The neuroprotective effects of propofol have been confirmed. However, it remains unclear whether intrathecal administration of propofol exhibits neuroprotective effects on spinal cord ischemia. At 1 hour prior to spinal cord ischemia, propofol（100 and 300 μg） was intrathecally administered in rats with spinal cord ischemia. Propofol pre-treatment greatly improved rat pathological changes and neurological function deficits at 24 hours after spinal cord ischemia. These results suggest that intrathecal administration of propofol exhibits neuroprotective effects on spinal cord structural and functional damage caused by ischemia.

关键词： nerve regeneration propofol pre-treatment spinal cord ischemia neuroprotection paraplegia neural regeneration