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Sdr4 dominates pre-harvest sprouting and facilitates adaptation to local climatic condition in Asian cultivated rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第6期64卷 1246-1263页

作者： Bo Zhao Hui Zhang Tianxiao Chen Ling Ding Liying Zhang Xiali Ding Jun Zhang Qian Qian Yong Xiang Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding College of Life SciencesShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

pre-harvest sprouting(PHS),which reduces grain yield and quality,is controlled by seed dormancy genes.Because few dormancy-related genes have been cloned,the genetic basis of seed dormancy in rice(Oryza sativa L.)remains unclear.Here,we performed a genome-wide association study and linkage mapping to dissect the genetic basis of seed dormancy in rice.Our findings suggest that Seed Dormancy4(Sdr4),a central modulator of seed dormancy,integrates the abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signaling pathways at the transcriptional level.Haplotype analysis revealed that three Sdr4 alleles in rice cultivars already existed in ancestral Oryza rufipogon accessions.Furthermore,like the semi-dwarf 1(SD1)and Rc loci,Sdr4 underwent selection during the domestication and improvement of Asian cultivated rice.The distribution frequency of the Sdr4-n allele in different locations in Asia is negatively associated with local annual temperature and precipitation.Finally,we developed functional molecular markers for Sdr4,SD1,and Rc for use in molecular breeding.Our results provide clues about the molecular basis of Sdr4-regulated seed dormancy.Moreover,these findings provide guidance for utilizing the favorable alleles of Sdr4 and Rc to synergistically boost PHS resistance,yield,and quality in modern rice varieties.

关键词： climatic adaptation pre-harvest sprouting Rc rice SD1 Sdr4 seed dormancy

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QTL mapping for pre-harvest sprouting in a recombinant inbred line population of elite wheat varieties Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 22

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 863-869页

作者： Rabiu Sani Shawai Dan Liu Lingli Li Tiantian Chen Ming Li Shuanghe Cao Xianchun Xia Jindong Liu Zhonghu He Yong Zhang Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural TechnologyKano University of Science and Technology WudilKano 713281Nigeria International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) China Officec/o CAASBeijing 100081China

pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)is one of the serious global issues in wheat production.Identification of quantitative trait loci(QTL)and closely-linked markers is greatly helpful for wheat improvement.In the present study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from the cross of Zhongmai 578(ZM578)/Jimai 22(JM22)and parents were phenotyped in five environments and genotyped by the wheat 50 K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array.Two QTL of germination index(GI),QGI.caas-3A and QGI.caas-5A,were detected,explaining 4.33%–5.58%and 4.43%–8.02%of the phenotypic variances,respectively.The resistant effect of QGI.caas-3A was contributed by JM22,whereas that of QGI.caas.5A was from ZM578.The two QTL did not correspond to any previously identified genes or genetic loci for PHSrelated traits according to their locations in the Chinese Spring reference genome,indicating that they are likely to be new loci for PHS resistance.Four kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers K_AX-109605367and K_AX-179559687 flanking QGI.caas-3A,and K_AX-111258240 and K_AX-109402944flanking QGI.caas-5A,were developed and validated in a natural population of 100 wheat cultivars.The distribution frequency of resistance alleles at Qphs.caas-3A and Qphs.caas-5A loci were 82.7%and57.1%,respectively,in the natural population.These findings provide new QTL and tightly linked KASP markers for improvement of PHS resistance in wheat.

关键词： pre-harvest sprouting Germination index Quantitative trait loci KASP marker Triticum aestivum L.

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QTL mapping revealed TaVp-1A conferred pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat population Yanda 1817×Beinong 6

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 435-444页

作者： ZHOU Sheng-hui FU Lin WU Qiu-hong CHEN Jiao-jiao CHEN Yong-xing XIE Jing-zhong WANG Zhen-zhong WANG Guo-xin ZHANG De-yun LIANG Yong ZHANG Yan YOU Ming-shan LIANG Rong-qi HAN Jun LIU Zhi-yong State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R. China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P.R. China China Rural Technology Development Center Beijing 100045 P.R.China College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing 102206 P.R.China

pre-harvest sprouting （PHS） occurs frequently in most of the wheat cultivation area worldwide, which severely reduces yield and end-use quality, resulting in substantial economic loss. In this study, quantitative trait loci （QTL） for PHS resistance were mapped using an available high-density single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） and simple sequence repeat （SSR） genetic linkage map developed from a 269 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） population of Yanda 1817xBeinong 6. Using phenotypic data on two locations （Beijing and Shijiazhuang, China） in two years （2012 and 2013 harvesting seasons）, five QTLs, designated as QPhs.cau-3A. 1, QPhs.cau-3A.2, QPhs.cau-5B, QPhs.cau-4A, and QPhs.cau-6A, for PHS （GP） were detected by inclusive composite interval mapping （ICIM）（LOD≥2.5）. Two major QTLs, QPhs.cau-3A.2 and QPhs.cau-5B, were mapped on 3AL and 5BS chromosome arms, explaining 6.29-21.65% and 4.36-5.94% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. precise mapping and comparative genomic analysis revealed that the TaVp-1A flanking region on 3AL is responsible for QPhs.cau-3A.2. SNP markers flanking QPhs.cau-3A.2 genomic region were developed and could be used for introgression of PHS tolerance into high yielding wheat varieties through marker-assisted selection （MAS）.

关键词： wheat pre-harvest sprouting quantitative trait loci SNP TaVp-IA

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Breeding for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat under rainfed conditions

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第2期5卷 253-261页

作者： Muhammad ZEESHAN Waheed ARSHAD Muhammad Imran KHAN Shiraz ALI Ali NAWAZ Amina BATOOL Muhammad TARIQ Muhammad Imran AKRAM Muhammad Amjad ALI Barani Agricultural Research Station Barani Agricultural Research Institute Soil and Water Conservation Research Station Department of Plant Pathology and Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry & Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad

pre-harvest sprouting in wheat is the germination of seeds within the spikes when rains occur after or during grain ripening, which occurs commonly in the barani tract of Pakistan. Therefore, 10 cultivars and five advanced lines of spring bread wheat were evaluated for pre-harvest sprouting resistance. After natural rainfall,seeds were immediately collected from the wet spikes and tested for germinating ability. Three different germination tests were applied to hand-threshed seed:(1) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested immediately,(2) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested 1 week later, and(3) spikes threshed 1 week after sampling and germination test immediately after threshing. Seeds and spikes kept for 1 week were place on blotting paper at room temperature.Cultivars BARS-09, 09 FJ17, Doukkala-12, NARC-09 and Ouassou-20 exhibited higher sprouting resistance while other genotypes were susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting in each of the three tests. A diallel crossing was conducted with six susceptible and two resistant genotypes to assess the genetic behavior of pre-harvest sprouting resistance.The combining ability(CA) demonstrated a higher proportion of additive genetic effects for sprouting resistance, because of higher variance of general and specific CA for both parameters under study. Doukkala-12 and BARS-09 showed increased pre-harvest sprouting resistance in their F1 descendants.

关键词： bread wheat germination index general combining ability pre-harvest sprouting specific combining ability

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Isolation and Functional Characterization of a B3 Transcription Factor Gene <i>FUSCA3</i>Involved in pre-harvest sprouting Resistance in Wheat

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第8期12卷 844-862页

作者： Xinguo Wang Lili Liu Yanli Wang Xiaodan Meng Yumei Jiang Yongchun Li Lei Li Jiangping Ren College of Agronomy Agricultural University of Henan Zhengzhou China National Engineering Research Center for Wheat Zhengzhou China

pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) reduces yields and grain quality, resulting in seriously economic losses in wheat. It has been showed that PHS is significantly correlated to seed dormancy levels. FUSCA3 (FUS3) gene is considered to be the key regulator of seed dormancy. However, little information is available about the function of FUS3 gene (TaFUS3) in wheat. In this study, three homologous genes were identified in wheat grain, and their functions were investigated by gene silencing. Three full-length DNA (3477, 3534 and 3501 bp) and cDNA (1015, 1012 and 1015 bp) sequences encoding a B3 transcription factor, designated TaFUS3-3A, TaFUS3-3B and TaFUS3-3D, were first isolated from common wheat. The transcription of three TaFUS3 genes in seed development and germination process was detected. TaFUS3-3B and TaFUS3-3D had similar expression profiles, and high levels of gene transcripts were detected in seeds at 25 DAP (days after pollination) and after 24 h of imbibition. However, the transcription of TaFUS3-3A was not detected. Silencing of TaFUS3 in common wheat spikes resulted in increased seed germination and PHS. Compared with wild-type, the TaFUS3-silenced plants showed increased expression of genes related to GA biosynthesis and ABA metabolism, and decreased expression of genes associated with ABA biosynthesis. Moreover, silencing of TaFUS3 in wheat plants led to a decrease in embryo sensitivity to ABA and changed the expression of genes involved in ABA signal transduction. The results of gene silencing indicated that TaFUS3 plays a positive role in wheat seed dormancy and PHS-resistance, which might be associated with ABA, GA level and signal transduction.

关键词： Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) FUSCA3 Molecular Cloning Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) pre-harvest sprouting

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OsbZIP09,a Unique OsbZIP Transcription Factor of Rice,Promotes Rather Than Suppresses Seed Germination by Attenuating Abscisic Acid Pathway

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Rice science 2021年第4期28卷 358-367,I0021-I0023页

作者： Wang Chuxin Zhu Chengchao Zhou Yu Xiong Min Wang Jindong Bai Huang Lu Chenya Zhang Changquan Liu Qiaoquan Li Qianfeng Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination conditions.The expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination process.As a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing technique.Further evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA accumulation.In addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed germination.These results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.

关键词： OsbZIP09 pre-harvest sprouting abscisic acid seed germination ABA8ox1 gene LEA3 gene rice transcription factor

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OsVP1 activates Sdr4 expression to control rice seed dormancy via the ABA signaling pathway

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The Crop Journal 2021年第1期9卷 68-78页

作者： Wenqiang Chen Wei Wang Yusong Lyu Yawen Wu Pingliang Huang Shikai Hu Xiangjin Wei Guiai Jiao Zhonghua Sheng Shaoqing Tang Gaoneng Shao Ju Luo State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina Institute of Crop Science and Nuclear Technology Utilization Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021ZhejiangChina

pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)is a disadvantageous trait in cereal production worldwide,causing large economic losses each year.Its regulation mechanism is still unclear.We generated the Oryza sativa Viviparous1(OsVP1)mutant using gene editing technique,which shows increased PHS compared with that of the wild type Nipponbare.OsVP1 is localized mainly in the nucleus and expressed in various tissues and organs.Expression of Seed dormancy 4(Sdr4),a key gene controlling PHS,was sharply reduced in OsVP1 mutants.OsVP1 bound to the specific motif CACCTG in the promoter of Sdr4 and activated its expression in rice protoplasts.Overexpression of Sdr4 reduced the high seed germination rate of OsVP1 mutant cr-osvp1-1,showing that Sdr4 acts as a downstream target of OsVP1.Both OsVP1 and Sdr4 loss-of-function mutants were insensitive to exogenous ABA and employed the ABA signaling pathway in regulating seed dormancy.These findings shed light on the control of seed dormancy aimed at preventing PHS in rice.

关键词： Rice pre-harvest sprouting Seed dormancy OsVP1 Sdr4 ABA

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水稻穗上发芽生理生化及颖壳扫描电镜观察（英文）

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2008年第1期9卷 75-80页

作者：蔡建秀陈伟泉州师范学院化生学院福建农林大学生命科学学院

Scanning electron microscopy of easy or uneasy-germinated glumes,determining the contents of endogenous hormones and the activity of α-amylase were studied from at 1-4 d pre-harvest sprouting rice.The results showed that the activity of α-amylase and the contents of IAA,GA1+3 and ZR were higher in easy-germinated rice than those in the uneasy-germinated rice,while ABA content in easy-germinated rice was lower than that in uneasy-germinated rice.The change of GA1+3/ABA rate accorded with that of GA1+3.Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cell surface of glume was loose arranged with more villus and bigger hole and germinal aperture,which had lesser mechanism resistance and better water absorptivity in easy-germinated rice.This research also indicated that pre-harvest sprouting in rice related to α-amylase activity,endogenous hormone contents and glume structure.

关键词： Rice pre-harvest sprouting α-amylase Endogenous hormones Glume structure

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