检索结果-南通市图书馆

Runoff characteristics and its sensitivity to climate factors in the Weihe River Basin from 2006 to 2018

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Arid Land 2022年第12期14卷 1344-1360页

作者： WU Changxue Xu Ruirui QIU Dexun DING Yingying GAO Peng MU Xingmin ZHAO Guangju State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100000China

Exploring the current runoff characteristics after the large-scale implementation of the Grain for Green(GFG)project and investigating its sensitivities to potential drivers are crucial for water resource prediction and management.Based on the measured runoff data of 62 hydrological stations in the Weihe River Basin(WRB)from 2006 to 2018,we analyzed the temporal and spatial runoff characteristics in this study.Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between different runoff indicators and climate-related factors.Additionally,an improved Budyko framework was applied to assess the sensitivities of annual runoff to precipitation,potential evaporation,and other factors.The results showed that the daily runoff flow duration curves(FDCs)of all selected hydrological stations fall in three narrow ranges,with the corresponding mean annual runoff spanning approximately 1.50 orders of magnitude,indicating that the runoff of different hydrological stations in the WRB varied greatly.The trend analysis of runoff under different exceedance frequencies showed that the runoff from the south bank of the Weihe River was more affluent and stable than that from the north bank.The runoff was unevenly distributed throughout the year,mainly in the flood season,accounting for more than 50.00%of the annual runoff.However,the trend of annual runoff change was not obvious in most areas.Correlation analysis showed that rare-frequency runoff events were more susceptible to climate factors.In this study,daily runoff under 10%-20%exceeding frequencies,consecutive maximum daily runoff,and low-runoff variability rate had strong correlations with precipitation,aridity index,and average runoff depth on rainy days.In comparison,daily runoff under 50%-99%exceeding frequencies,consecutive minimum daily runoff,and high-runoff variability rate had weak correlations with all selected impact factors.The sensitivity analysis results suggested that the sensitivity of annual runoff to precipitation was always higher than that to potent

关键词： daily runoff climate-related factors precipitation potential evaporation correlation analysis sensitivity analysis Weihe River Basin

Evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第2期23卷 359-369页

作者： ZHAO Lingling XIA Jun XU Chong-yu WANG Zhonggen SOBKOWIAKLeszek LONG Cangrui KeyLaboratoryofWaterCycle&RelatedLandSurfaceProcesses.InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesReseamh GASBeijing100101China GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences Beijing100049China StateKeyLab.ofWaterResources&HydropowerEngineeringScience WuhanUniversityWuhan430072China DepartmentofGeosciences UniversityofOsloOsloNorway DepartmentofHydrologyandWaterManagement InstituteofPhysicalGeogmphyandEnvironmentalPlanningAdamMickiewiczUniversityPoznanPoland PuyangWaterConservancyBureau Puyang457000HenanChina

Actual evapotranspiration is a key process of hydrological cycle and a sole term that links land surface water balance and land surface energy balance. Evapotranspiration plays a key role in simulating hydrological effect of climate change, and a review of evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models is of vital importance. This paper firstly summarizes the evapotranspiration estimation methods applied in hydrological models and then classifies them into the integrated converting methods and the classification gathering methods by their mechanism. Integrated converting methods are usually used in hydrological models and two differences exist among them： one is in the potential evaporation estimation methods, while the other in the function for defining relationship between potential evapora tion and actual evapotranspiration. Due to the higher information requirements of the Pen- man-Monteith method and the existing data uncertainty, simplified empirical methods for calculating potential and actual evapotranspiration are widely used in hydrological models. Different evapotranspiration calculation methods are used depending on the complexity of the hydrological model, and importance and difficulty in the selection of the most suitable evapotranspiration methods is discussed. Finally, this paper points out the prospective de velopment trends of the evapotranspiration estimating methods in hydrological modeling.

关键词： hydrological model actual evaporation potential evaporation function of soil moisture

A general model for estimating actual evaporation from non-saturated surfaces

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2002年第4期12卷 479-484页

作者： QIU Xinfa1,2, ZENG Yan3, LIU Changming3(1. Dept. of Urban && Resource Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 2. Dept. of Geography, Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China 3. Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Dept. of Urban & Resource Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS 北京 100101

Based on energy balance equation and mass transfer equation, a general model to estimate actual evaporation from non-saturated surfaces was derived. Making use of two concepts, “relative evaporation” and “relative drying power”, a relationship was established to account for the departure from saturated conditions. Using this model, the actual evaporation (evapotranspiration) can be calculated without the need of potential evaporation estimation. Furthermore, the model requires only a few meteorological parameters that are readily and routinely obtainable at standard weather stations. Based on nearly 30 years data of 432 meteorological stations and 512 hydrological stations in China, in combined with GIS, nine typical river basins were selected. Using the data of the selected river basins, the model was tested. The results show that the actual evaporation rate can be estimated with an error of less than 10% in most areas of China, except few years in the Yellow River Basin.

关键词： potential evaporation actual evaporation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

1998年前后中国蒸散发的时空演变

1998年前后中国蒸散发的时空演变