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Applicability and improvement of different potential evapotranspiration models in different climate zones of China

Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 262-282页

作者： Zedong Li Yiran Li Xinxiao Yu Guodong Jia Peng Chen Pengfei Zheng Yusong Wang Bingbing Ding Key Laboratory of Soil & Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry University College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Tarim University State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University

Background Accurate estimation of potential evapotranspiration(PET) is the key for studying land-air interaction hydrological processes. Several models are used to estimate the PET based on standardized meteorological data. Although combination-based models have the highest level performance estimation of PET, they require more meteorological data and may therefore be difficult to apply in areas lacking meteorological observation *** The results showed significant differences in the spatial trends of PET calculated by different models in China, the Doorenbots–Pruitts model revealed the highest PET(1902.6 mm), and the Kuzmin model revealed the lowest PET(349.6 mm), with the largest difference being 5.5 times. The Romanenko and the Rohwer models were the recommended temperature-based and aerodynamic-based models. On the other hand, the Abtew model was more suitable for arid and semi-arid regions, while the Priestley–Taylor model was more suitable for humid regions. Combination-based models revealed ideal calculation accuracies, among which the Penman–Monteith model was the best option for PET *** The accuracy range of Romanenko, Rohwer, Abten, Priestley Taylor, and Penman Monteith models improved in MPZ and TCZ is higher than that improved in TMZ and SMZ. This does not mean that the improved models have higher accuracy in MPZ and TCZ than in TMZ and SMZ. On the contrary, the original model performed poorly in MPZ and TCZ, so the improved accuracy was relatively large. The unimproved model was already more suitable in TMZ and SMZ, so the improved accuracy was relatively small. Therefore, regional calibration of the PET models can improve the accuracy and applicability of PET calculation, providing a reference for studying hydrological processes in different climatic zones.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration Climatic zone Temperature-based model Aerodynamic-based model Radiation-based model Combination-based model Model calibration

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Effect of Temporal Resolution of NDVI on potential evapotranspiration Estimation and Hydrological Model Performance

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Chinese Geographical Science 2007年第4期17卷 357-363页

作者： LI Xianghu REN Liliang State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, obtained from remote sensing information, are essential in the Shuttleworth-Wallace (S-W) model for estimation of evapotranspiration. In order to study the effect of temporal resolution of NDVI on potential evapotranspiration (PET) estimation and hydrological model performance, monthly and 10-day NDVI data set were used to estimate potential evapotranspiration from January 1985 to December 1987 in Huangnizhuang catchment, Anhui Province, China. The differences of the two calculation results were analyzed and used to drive the block-wise use of the TOPMODEL with the Muskingum-Cunge routing (BTOPMC) model to test the effect on model performance. The results show that both annual and monthly PETs estimated by 10-day NDVI are lower than those estimated by monthly NDVI. Annual PET from the vegetation root zone (PETr) lowers 9.77%-13.64% and monthly PETr lowers 3.28%-17.44% in the whole basin. PET from the vegetation interception (PETi) shows the same trend as PETr. In addition, temporal resolution of NDVI has more effect on PETr in summer and on PETi in winter. The correlation between PETr as estimated by 10-day NDVI and pan measurement (R2= 0.835) is better than that between monthly NDVI and pan measurement (R2 = 0.775). The two potential evapotranspiration estimates were used to drive the BTOPMC model and calibrate parameters, and model performance was found to be similar. In summary, the effect of temporal resolution of NDVI on potential evapotranspiration estimation is significant, but trivial on hydrological model performance.

关键词： NDVI temporal resolution potential evapotranspiration BTOPMC model

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Sensitivity of potential evapotranspiration Estimation to the Thornthwaite and Penman–Monteith Methods in the Study of Global Drylands

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第12期34卷 1381-1394页

作者： Qing YANG Zhuguo MA Ziyan ZHENG Yawen DUAN Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Drylands are among those regions most sensitive to climate and environmental changes and human-induced *** most widely accepted definition of the term dryland is a ratio,called the Surface Wetness Index(SWI),of annual precipitation to potential evapotranspiration(PET)being below *** is commonly estimated using the Thornthwaite(PET Th)and Penman–Monteith equations(PET PM).The present study compared spatiotemporal characteristics of global drylands based on the SWI with PET Th and PET *** showed vast differences between PET Th and PET PM;however,the SWI derived from the two kinds of PET showed broadly similar characteristics in the interdecadal variability of global and continental drylands,except in North America,with high correlation coefficients ranging from 0.58 to *** was found that,during 1901–2014,global hyper-arid and semi-arid regions expanded,arid and dry sub-humid regions contracted,and drylands underwent interdecadal *** was because precipitation variations made major contributions,whereas PET changes contributed to a much lesser ***,distinct differences in the interdecadal variability of semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions were *** indicated that the influence of PET changes was comparable to that of precipitation variations in the global dry–wet transition ***,the contribution of PET changes to the variations in global and continental drylands gradually enhanced with global warming,and the Thornthwaite method was found to be increasingly less applicable under climate change.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration global drylands Thornthwaite Penman–Monteith

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Evaluation and modification of potential evapotranspiration methods in Beijing,China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 9-18页

作者： Liu Haijun Li Yan Zhang Ruihao Huang Guanhua College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resourcesand Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100048China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

In this study,seven widely used potential evapotranspiration(ETo)methods were evaluated by comparing with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method(PM method)to provide useful information for selecting appropriate ETo equations under data-limited condition in Beijing,*** methods and parameters,namely linear regression,root mean squared error(RMSE)and mean bias error(MBE),were used to evaluate the seven ETo *** showed that ETo estimated using Kimberly-Penman method have fairly close agreement with the PM method(referring to standard ETo),considering the coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.96,RMSE of 0.42 mm/day,and a coefficient of efficiency(E)of *** calibrated Penman and Doorenbos-Pruitt methods also have better agreement with the PM method,correspondingly with R^(2)of 0.99 and 0.95,RMSEs of 0.24 mm/day and 0.21 mm/day,and coefficients of efficiency of 1.02 and 0.99,*** ETo is the most sensitive to vapor pressure deficit(VPD)and net radiation in the Beijing ***,the VPD-based and VPD-radiation combined ETo methods were developed and *** showed that the two developed methods performed well in ETo *** fully considering the data-limit situation,the calibrated Turc method,VPD-based method and VPD-radiation-combined method may be attractive alternatives to the more complex Penman−Monteith method in Beijing.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith method determination coefficient coefficient of efficiency Beijing

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Shortwave radiation balance modulates potential evapotranspiration over China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1358-1371页

作者： Fuxiao Jiang Xianhong Xie Yibing Wang Arken Tursun Yao Liu State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875People’s Republic of China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing Products Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875People’s Republic of China

Shortwave radiation is an influential driver of global hydrological cycle,as its variation will alter evapotranspiration(ET).While climate change discussion extensively examined ET response to temperature,wind speed and land use/cover variations,little is known about the contribution of shortwave radiation balance on ET partly because of data *** this study,we applied the newly-released Global LAnd Surface Satellite(GLASS)products to detect changes in shortwave radiation and albedo for 2003–2018 over China,and quantified their contributions on potential evapotranspiration(PET)which is the upper limit of ET and generally the basis to estimate *** results showed that downward shortwave radiation declined,together with a slight decrease in albedo,causing a decrease of net shortwave *** climate change affected PET,the decreased net shortwave radiation reduced PET during the *** identified a hotspot area in the north China plain that is one of the main agricultural production regions,as the radiation balance induced a contrasting effect on PET for the warm and the cold *** study indicates that it is important to consider shortwave radiation balance when estimating PET and ET to make reliable evaluation of climate change on hydrological cycle and ecosystem response.

关键词： Shortwave radiation albedo radiation balance potential evapotranspiration Penman model

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Decreasing potential evapotranspiration in the Huanghe River Watershed in climate warming during 1960–2010

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第6期22卷 977-988页

作者：马雪宁张明军李亚举王圣杰马潜刘文莉 College of Geography and Environment Sciences Northwest Normal University

According to the meteorological observation data of 72 stations from 1960 to 2010 in the Huanghe （Yellow） River Watershed, China, the long-term variations of potential evapotranspiration, calculated in the modified Penman-Monteith model of Food and Agricul- ture Organization of the United Nations, were presented, as well as the meteorological causes for the decrease of potential evapotranspiration were discussed. Since 1960, temperature has risen significantly and potential evapotranspiration a decreasing trend, which indicated the existence of ＂Evaporation paradox＂ in the Huanghe River Watershed. This phenomenon was not consistent spatially or temporally with the increase of temperature, potential evapotranspiration decreased in spring, summer and winter, mainly over most parts of Shanxi and Henan, and some parts of Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, and Shaanxi. During the recent half century, the trends of temperature and potential evapotranspiration were negatively correlated at most of the stations, while precipitation and potential evapotranspiration exhibited a contrary trend. Calculated in multiple regressions, the contribution to potential evapotranspiration change of related meteorological factors was discussed, including mean pressure, maximum and minimum temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity and average wind speed. The decrease of wind speed in the Huanghe River Watershed may be the dominating factor causing potential evapotranspiration decreasing.

关键词： Huanghe River Watershed air temperature precipitation potential evapotranspiration

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Spatial distribution and temporal trends in potential evapotranspiration over Hengduan Mountains region from 1960 to 2009

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第1期22卷 71-85页

作者： ZHU Guofeng HE Yuanqing PU Tao WANG Xufeng JIA Wenxiong LI Zongxing XIN Huijuan State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Yulong Snow Mountain Glaciers and Environmental Obser-vation Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CAS Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Research School of Arid Environment and Climate Change Lanzhou University College of Geography and Environment Science Northwest Normal University

Based on the meteorological data of 20 stations in the Hengduan Mountains region during 1961–2009, the annual and seasonal variation of potential evapotranspiration was analyzed in combination with the Penman-Monteith model. With the method of Spline interpolation under ArcGIS, the spatial distribution of potential evapotranspiration was presented to research the regional difference, and the correlation analysis was used to discuss the dominant factor affecting the potential evapotranspiration. The results indicated that the an-nual potential evapotranspiration showed a decreasing tendency since the 1960s, especially from the 1980s to 1990s, while it showed an increasing tendency since 2000. Regional potential evapotranspiration showed a rate of –0.17 mm a？1. potential evapotranspiration in north, middle and south of the Hengduan Mountains exhibited decreasing trends over the studied period, and its regional trend was on the decline from southwest to northeast.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration Spline interpolation Penman-Monteith model spatial and temporal variations Hengduan Mountains

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Spatial and temporal variations and controlling factors of potential evapotranspiration in China:1956-2000

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第1期16卷 3-12页

作者： GAO Ge CHEN Deliang REN Guoyu CHEN Yu LIAO Yaoming Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Regional Climate Group Earth Sciences Centre Goeteborg University Goeteborg Sweden

Based on the climatic data of 580 stations in China during 1956 and 2000, potential evapotranspiration are calculated using the Penman-Monteith Method recommended by FAO. The spatial and temporal distributions of the potential evapotranspiration over China and the temporal trends of the regional means for 10 major river basins and whole China are analyzed. Through a partial correlation analysis, the major climate factors which affect the temporal change of the potential evapotranspiration are analyzed. Major results are drawn as follows： 1） The seasonal and annual potential evapotranspiration for China as a whole and for most basins show decline tendencies during the past 45 years; for the Songhua River Basin there appears a slightly increasing trend. 2） Consequently, the annual potential evapotranspirations averaged over 1980-2000 are lower than those for the first water resources assessment （1956-1979） in most parts of China. Exceptions are found in some areas of Shandong Peninsula, western and middle basins of the rivers in Southwest China, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as well as the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, which may have brought about disadvantages to the exploration and utilization of water resources. 3） Generally, sunshine duration, wind speed and relative humidity have greater impact on the potential evapotranspiration than temperature. Decline tendencies of sunshine duration and/or wind speed in the same period appear to be the major causes for the negative trend of the potential evapotranspiration in most areas.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith formula trend controlling factors China

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Future changes of global potential evapotranspiration simulated from CMIP5 to CMIP6 models

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2020年第6期13卷 568-575页

作者： LIU Xinlei LI Chunxiang ZHAO Tianbao HAN Lina School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengduChina Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

This research evaluated the ability of different coupled climate models to simulate the historical variability of potential evapotranspiration(PET)for the time period 1979–2017 in phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5 and CMIP6,respectively).Their projected future changes of PET under two emission scenarios for the 21st century were also *** show that PET has an increasing trend of 0.2–0.6 mm d-1/50 yr over most land surfaces and that there are clear regional *** future value of PET is higher in the CMIP6 multi-model simulations than in the CMIP5 ones under the same emissions scenario,possibly because CMIP6 models simulate stronger warming for a given forcing or *** contributions of each individual climate driver to future changes in PET were examined and revealed that the surface vapor pressure deficit makes a major contribution to changes in *** radiation increases PET in most terrestrial regions,except for northern Africa,East Asia,South Asia,and Australia;the effect of longwave radiation is the opposite to that of shortwave *** contribution of surface wind speed to PET is small,but results in a slight reduction.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration simulation evaluation contribution analysis CMIP5 CMIP6

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Analysis on Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第4期15卷 635-641页

作者：楚勤方兰安军陈栋为犹珀玉刘发勇肖小林贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院贵州贵阳550001 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院贵州贵阳550001

[Objective] The aim was to analyze temporal and spatial variation charac- teristics of potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province. [Method] According to information from 19 meteorological stations of Guizhou Province from 1960 to 2007, with the formulas of optimizational Penman-Monteith and SEBAL net radiation mod- el, the reference crop evapotranspiration ETo was calculated. Also with the spatial interpolation method of Arcgis 9.3, climate tendency rate statistics, K-M test, wavelet analysis and so on, the related regional differentiation and spatial and temporal change characteristics between meteorological factors from each monitoring station and ETo were analyzed. [Result] The results show that the correlation of potential evapotranspiration and meteorological factors in Guizhou Province demonstrates re- gional differentiation; there was no direct connection between the correlation of po- tential evapotranspiration and meteorological factors and the amount of meteorologi- cal factors in the year; there were 3 cycles in potential evapotranspiration, namely, 1 year, 5 years and 10 years, with 3 mutation points, respectively, in 1965, 1984 and 1999, mainly affected by air temperature, precipitation and solar radiation. [Conclusion] The research is of great significance in developing irrigation approach- es, adjusting agricultural structure and ecological construction.

关键词： potential evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith formula Temporal and spatial characteristics Guizhou Province

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