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直立、蜷曲姿势对情绪概念加工的影响

心理学

Quantification of the distribution of blood flow pressure with postures

心理学 2023年第1期

作者：白学军宋璐张琪涵周广东章鹏

以133名大学生为被试，采用“姿势-认知”双任务范式，通过两个实验探讨直立、蜷曲姿势对情绪概念加工的影响。实验1采用情绪词效价判断任务(浅加工)，发现无论是判断积极词语还是消极词语，姿势间的差异均不显著；实验2采用情绪词效价... 详细信息

以133名大学生为被试，采用“姿势-认知”双任务范式，通过两个实验探讨直立、蜷曲姿势对情绪概念加工的影响。实验1采用情绪词效价判断任务(浅加工)，发现无论是判断积极词语还是消极词语，姿势间的差异均不显著；实验2采用情绪词效价评定任务(深加工)，发现蜷曲比直立条件下对消极词语的评分更低，两种姿势在积极词语的评分上差异不显著。研究显示，在情绪概念加工中能够出现“蜷曲-消极”具身效应，该效应仅在认知加工程度较深的任务中出现。

关键词：姿势双任务情绪概念加工具身 posture dual-task emotional conceptual processing embodiment

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第3期5卷 113-119页

作者： Wenying Mu Shanguang Chen Fengyuan Zhuang Yinghui Li Yu Li Instrument Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing China Science and Technology on Human Factors Engineering Laboratory China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing China State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing China

At a different angle, this study analyzed the contour chart of blood flow pressure, extreme pressure and its position to quantify DBFP in thirteen different postures with gravity considered or not (G ≠ 0 or G = 0). The aim was to determine the suitable body positions, in which the postural model of a single vessel could be simplified to two-dimensional (2D) symmetrical one while only considering such factors as posture and gravity. Computational fluid dynamic simulations were performed. Numerical results demonstrated that the DBFP showed 2D axisymmetry at ±90° and three-dimensional (3D) asymmetry at any other posture with G ≠ 0, and 2D axisymmetrical one at any posture with G = 0. Therefore, modeling a vessel as a 2D model is feasible in space and at ±90° posture on earth. In addition, the maximum pressure occurred between the inlet and the middle of the vessel, and its position variation mainly happened in the range of 0° - 15°. For a single vessel, this study provides the first theoretical evidence for cardiovascular modeling in microgravity and may help guide the researchers in designing defense devices for astronauts or patients clinically.

关键词： Distribution of Blood Flow Pressure (DBFP) posture Gravity Numerical Simulation

Benefits of laptop computer ergonomics education to graduate students

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2014年第1期2卷 25-32页

作者： Peter J. Bowman Katharine D. Braswell Jessica R. Cohen Jenna L. Funke Hannah L. Landon Paloma I. Martinez Julie N. Mossbarger Division of Occupational Therapy College of Health Professions Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA

Laptop computers are used more often than desktop computers, especially among graduate students. Many common laptop habits can have severe physiological effects on the user ranging from eye strain, poor posture, upper extremity pain, and overuse injuries. Thus, it is important to educate students on the best ergonomic position to use laptops. This study investigates the efficacy of a laptop ergonomic education session and its effects on graduate students’ knowledge and behaviors regarding proper laptop use. A convenience sample of control and experimental groups was used and consisted of 83 occupational therapy (OT), 63 physical therapy (PT), and 26 nurse anesthesia (NA) graduate students. The sample size was 172, with 94 graduate students in the control group and 78 graduate students in the experimental. All study participants completed an initial ergonomics questionnaire. The experimental group was given an ergonomics education session following the questionnaire. Approximately 4 weeks after both groups completed the initial questionnaire;a follow up questionnaire was administered. Results showed that subjects demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in ergonomics knowledge after they completed the ergonomic educational session. Some participants reported making adaptations to laptop positioning and equipment use following the educational session. Thus, participating in ergonomic education can positively influence awareness of body mechanics relative to laptop workstation design.

关键词： Laptop Ergonomics Education posture

Visual reweighting in postural control is less adaptative in older adults

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 74-79页

作者： Jose Angelo Barela Giovanna Gracioli Genoves Bruno Alleoni Ana Maria Forti Barela Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences Institute of Physical Activity and Sport SciencesCruzeiro do Sul UniversitySao PauloBrazil Department of Physical Education Institute of BiosciencesSao Paulo State UniversityRio ClaroBrazil

Postural control is based upon the fusion of sensory cues coming from multiple sources requiring continuously adaptation that may be altered due to aging, leading to the poor postural equilibrium in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the adaptation in the relationship between the visual information and the body sway in older adults. Fifteen older (70 ± 7.6 years) and 15 younger adults (19 ± 1.1 years) stood upright inside of a moving room. Each participant performed 7 trials, each lasting 60 s, in which in the first 3 trials the room oscillated at 0.2 Hz, amplitude of 0.6 cm, and peak-to-peak velocity of 0.6 cm/s. In the fourth trial, the room oscillated at 0.2 Hz but with amplitude of 3.5 cm and peak-to-peak velocity of 3.5 cm/s. In the following 3 trials, the room oscillated with the same parameters of the first three trials. Body sway magnitude was examined through mean sway amplitude, and the relationship between visual information and induced body sway was examined through coherence and gain. Visual manipulation induced corresponding body sway in both older and younger adults, with no difference being observed between groups in the first three trials. In the fourth trial, mean sway amplitude, coherence and gain values were higher for the older compared to younger adults. Moreover, in the last three trials, older adults still showed higher gain values than observed for the younger adults. Taken together, these results suggest that older adults adapt to abrupt changes in visual cues, but not with the same magnitude as younger adults. Yet, older adults do not take advantage of experienced sensory changes in order to adapt the use of the vision information in the following experiences, indicating the less capability of adaptation to the sensory changes.

关键词： Elderly Moving Room Adaptation posture

Influence of degraded visual acuity from light-scattering goggles on obstacle gait

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Health 2011年第2期3卷 99-105页

作者： Shunsuke Yamaji Shinichi Demura Hiroki Sugiura 不详

This study examined the effect on gait of de-grading visual input by simulation on a course with obstacles. Thirty healthy, young adult males walked on a 6 m path with three obstacles (height: 5, 10, 20 cm, width: 10 cm) set at inter-vals of 150 cm with and without degraded visual input from light-scattering goggles. Gait was examined with respect to time, length, angle and walk speed parameters. Gait changed signifi-cantly in the degraded visual input condition. The distances between the obstacles and foot before the obstacles were significantly larger in 10 and 20 cm obstacles under the degraded visual input condition, but distances after passing the obstacle had no significant difference among obstacle height. We therefore conclude that a decrease of visual function alters the perception of an obstacle’s height, particularly the 5 cm height obstacle.

关键词： Walk Analysis Visual Information Contrast Sensitivity posture Stable

Impact forces acting on the human feet during landing in two typical postures

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 1991年第2期6卷 151-155页

作者：冯文树周训贞刘铁汉简进章章志红 Department of Aviation Biodynamics Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032

A proper landing posture is significant to the reduction of both the im-pact force acting on the human body and the injury at landing.In this paper theimpact force acting on human feet is studied.The subjects were 3 maleparachuters.The experiments were performed by means of high-speed photography and amotor analyzer.The experimental results are as follows:(1)When the subjectjumped from two platforms 1.0m and 1.5m in height,a vertical impact force onthe feet in half-squat posture was larger than in side spin posture.(2)When thesubject jumped from the platform 1.0m high,the feet gained a horizontal impactforce in the half-squat posture,larger than in the side spin posture.When thesubject jumped from the platform 1.5m high,the horizontal impact force pro-duced by both of the above-mentioned postures were just the same,which needsfurther research.(3)In terms of reducing the impact force acting on the feet,theside spin posture is better than the half-squat posture.

关键词： posture impact force aerospace medicine biomechanics

在姿势的挑战以后的肝脏硬化症的病人的非侵略的连续血液动力学的评估

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第4期4卷 149-153页

作者： Roberto Tarquini Gianluigi Mazzoccoli Fulvio Fusi Giacomo Laffi Gian Franco Gensini Salvatore Mario Romano Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine 50134 Florence Italy Department of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG) Italy Heart and Vessel Department School of Medicine 50134 Florence Italy

AIM: To assess whether Most Care is able to detect the cardiovascular alterations in response to physiological stress (posture). METHODS: Non invasive hemodynamic was assessed in 26 cirrhotic patients compared to healthy subjects, both in the supine and standing positions. RESULTS: In baseline conditions, when compared to healthy subjects, cirrhotic patients showed significantly lower values of dicrotic and diastolic pressures and systemic vascular resistance. While in the standing position, cirrhotic patients showed higher values of cardiac index, stroke volume index and cardiac cycle efficiency. When returning to the supine position, cirrhotic patients exhibited lower values of dicrotic and diastolic pressures and systemic vascular resistance in the presence of higher values of cardiac index, stroke volume index and cardiac cycle efficiency.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Non-invasive hemodynamic Pressure recording analytical method posture

New Interpretation on“Qin Bu Shi(寝不尸)”in The Analects of Confucius

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2018年第11期8卷 1535-1542页

作者： ZHANG Tong-sheng Institute of Comparative Literature College of Chinese LiteratureLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina

“When sacrifices are to be offered to ancestors,Shi(尸)is indispensable.This ceremonial convention has been kept intact in the dynasties of Yu,Xia,Shang and Zhou.”Shi refers to a person alive in place of the deceased to be sacrificed.Shi is required to stand in the sacrificial ceremony in Xia dynasty,which is called the standing Shi,while in dynasties of Shang and Zhou,Shi is supposed to be seated,calling the sitting Shi.The sitting posture of Shi at the sacrificial ritual then is different considerably from the way we sit on the buttocks today.Shi is expected to sit on the knees.Specifically,Shi should keep a kneeling position,with knees on the ground and buttocks on the heels whilst his head bowing and his back arching.Accordingly,Qin Bu Shi(寝不尸)in The Analects of Confucius should be interpreted as one should not bother to adopt the sitting Shi posture while retiring to bed,rather than the version,as has been annotated by Yang Bojun,“Confucius does not sleep(lying stretched out)like a dead body.”

关键词： The Analects of Confucius Shi sitting posture

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