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positive interactions by cushion plants in high mountains:fact or artifact?

Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第2期9卷 117-123页

作者： Marco A.Molina-Montenegro Rómulo Oses Ian S.Acuña-Rodríguez Cristian Fardella Ernesto I.Badano Patricio Torres-Morales Jorge Gallardo-Cerda Cristian Torres-Díaz Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de TalcaAvda.Lircay s/nTalcaChile Centro de Estudios Avanzados en ZonasÁridas(CEAZA) Facultad de Ciencias del MarUniversidad Católica del NorteCoquimboChile División de Ciencias Ambientales Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y TecnológicaCamino a la Presa San José2055Colonia Lomas ta Sección CP 78216San Luis PotosíSLPMéxico 4 Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y EvolutivasUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile Departamento Científico Instituto Antártico Chileno(INACH)Punta ArenasChile Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad(LGB) Departamento de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad del Bío-BíoChillánChile

positive interactions are defined as non-trophic interactions where at least one of the interacting species is benefited in terms of fitness and the other remains ***,the bidirectional feedbacks between species may be positive,neutral or ***,if facilitated species induce negative effects on their‘nurses’,the assumed definition of positive interactions could be *** We assessed if ecological interactions between cushions of Azorella madreporica and their facilitated species are ***,we tested if cover of facilitated species has any costs for cushion plants from an ecophysiological perspective,and if these costs increase with the amount of cover of facilitated *** addition,through pathway analysis and correlations,we assessed if cover and richness of facilitated species have a direct and/or indirect effect on the fitness of cushion *** Findings We found that facilitated plant species induced a significant cost for their nurses(cushion plants),and this cost increases with cover of the facilitated ***,the facilitated species exert a strong direct negative effect on the cushion’s fitness and a moderate indirect negative cost evident through the nutrient status and physiological performance of cushion *** thus contribute evidence that positive interactions between high mountain cushion plants of central Chile and their‘facilitated’species may be an artifact more than a fact,especially when bidirectional effects are considered;contrasting with the majority of studies that document only one side of the interaction.

关键词： cushion plants facilitation nurse effect positive interactions stress gradient hypothesis

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positive interactions can produce species-rich communities and increase species turnover through time

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 417-421页

作者： Youshi Wang M.D.Farnon Ellwood Fernando TMaestre Zhiyong Yang Gang Wang Chengjin Chu MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems Research School of Arid Environment and Climate ChangeLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EJUK Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Departamento de Biología y GeologíaESCETUniversidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n28933 MostolesSpain State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Aims The process of facilitation,where a species increases the survival,growth,and fitness of another species,is becoming increasingly recognized as a critical factor in shaping the structure of plant *** process is particularly important in stressful *** few studies have attempted to incorporate positive interactions into community ecological theories such as the neutral theory of ***,we use an equalizing trade-off model as a foundation to study the potential impact of facilitation on species richness and community temporal *** Based on a spatially explicit birth–death trade-off model,we assume that the occurrence of facilitation is dependent on the presence of interspecific *** further propose that the realized birth rate for a given individual subject to facilitation is proportional to the number of interspecific neighbours within its ***,in our model,the individuals of rare species will benefit more from the existence of heterospecific individuals than common *** Findings As the facilitative coefficient increased,the species richness for simulated communities at the dynamically stochastic equilibrium was also *** also demonstrated that facilitation could increase the replacement of species through time:communities with facilitation become more dissimilar(*** smaller Bray–Curtis similarity values)than communities without or with a lower degree of facilitation after the same time *** from interspecific neighbours on rare species increased their population sizes and consequently made them less prone to extinction,thus enhancing species ***,in a saturated community,with the increase of species richness,mean population size of entire communities decreased,making species more prone to extinction on average,and thus increased the community temporal *** results suggest that future experimental work on the effect of

关键词： Bray–Curtis similarity index positive interactions species coexistence species temporal turnover

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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： Yafeng Wang Eryuan Liang J.Julio Camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly ***,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°N)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan *** pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between *** intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic *** mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and *** equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate *** shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific *** patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture *** warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub ***,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub ***,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to *** changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

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Effects of traits,species identity and local environmental conditions on the assessment of interactions:insights from an alpine meadow community

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第3期2卷 135-141页

作者： Chengjin Chu Youshi Wang Qi Li Luqiang Zhao Zhengwei Ren Sa Xiao Jianli Yuan Gang Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Aims The prediction that facilitation is the dominant interaction in physically stressful conditions has been supported by many but not all field *** the present paper,we tested the effects of the identity of species,the local environmental conditions and the currencies of performance measurement on such *** Using contrasting two plots,six species,and up to five multiple traits,we comprehensively explored the effects of the above factors on the assessment of plant interactions in an alpine meadow of the QingHai Tibetan ***,we attempted to figure out the possible mechanisms underlying the responses *** data were analysed by both standard ANOVAs and multivariate *** findings Our results demonstrated that the response to the removal of neighbours was both species and trait specific,and the effect of the ocal environmental conditions was dependent on the species *** contrast between plots had crucial influence on the net interactions of Kobresia macrantha,but little effect on Elymus *** the abiotic conditions,neighbours had significant impact on soil temperature,moist and solar *** results contribute to advance our knowledge on the potential underlying factors influencing the assessment of facilitation.

关键词： positive interactions species specific trait specific neighbour removal multivariate statistics PERMANOVA

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Facilitation by nurse plants contributes to vegetation recovery in human-disturbed desert ecosystems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第5期9卷 485-497页

作者： Ernesto I.Badano Omar R.Samour-Nieva Joel Flores JoséL.Flores-Flores Jorge A.Flores-Cano Juan P.Rodas-Ortíz División de Ciencias Ambientales Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y TecnológicaA.C.Camino a la Presa San José2055Colonia Lomas 4ta SecciónC.P.78216San Luis PotosíMéxico Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíAltair 200Fraccionamiento del LlanoC.P.78377San Luis PotosíMéxico Facultad de Agronomía Universidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíKm.14.5 Carretera San Luis-MatehualaApdo.Postal 32Soledad de Graciano SánchezC.P.78321San Luis PotosíMéxico

Aims Facilitation by nurse plants is a common interaction in harsh environments and this positive plant-plant interaction may promote vegetation recovery in ecosystems affected by human *** the relevance of this process,however,requires assessing how nurse plants influence the establishment of other species,as well as the proportion of species in the regional species pool that would benefit from the presence of nurse plants in human-disturbed ***,since vegetation recovery is a time-dependent process,the community-level consequences of facilitation are likely to vary among landscapes with different disturbance ***,an integrative perspective of the relevance of nurse plants for vegetation recovery could be obtained by measuring their effects across different human-disturbed landscapes of the target *** study focuses on these issues and uses a regional-scale approach to assess the community-level effects of a widespread nurse plant of American deserts,the creosotebush(Larrea tridentata).Methods This study was conducted in the southernmost portion of Chihuahuan Desert because most floodplain valleys of this region have been affected by human activities during the past *** this study,we selected 10 floodplain valleys differing in their age(*** time elapsed after human activities were ceased).At each landscape,we measured the cover of creosotebushes and the proportion of plant species positively associated with them,as well as the density of seeds in the soil beneath creosotebush *** these data were regressed against the age of the ***,to assess whether positive association patterns were due to facilitation or other processes,we conducted field experiments and measured the ecophysiological performance of plant species established beneath and outside creosotebush *** Findings Most plant species from the target region were positively associated to creosotebushes,and our field

关键词： Chihuahuan desert community-level effects community succession positive interactions Mexico

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