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The effect of host plants on genotype variability in fitness and honeydew composition of Aphis fabae

Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 781-788页

作者： Sharon Schillewaert Amelie Vantaux Wim Van den Ende Tom Wenseleers Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution Biology Department Zoological Institute University of Leuven Leuven Belgium Institut Pasteur du Cambodge Unite d'Epidemiologie Moleculaire du Paludisme Phnom Penh Cambodia Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology Biology Department University of Leuven Leuven Belgium

Aphid species can be polyphagous, feeding on multiple host plants across genera. As host plant species can have large variation in their phloem composition, this can affect aphid fitness and honeydew composition. Previous research showed significant intraspecific genotype variation in the composition of the honeydew carbohydrates of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae, with the ant attractant trisaccharide melezitose showing especially large variation across different genotypes. In this study, we test if variation in melezitose and carbohydrate composition of aphid honeydew could be linked to the adap- tation of specific aphid genotypes to particular host plants. To this end, 4 high and 5 low melezitose secreting genotypes of the black bean aphid Aphisfabae were reared on 4 com- mon host plants： broad bean, goosefoot, beet, and poppy. The carbohydrate composition, and in particular melezitose secretion, showed important aphid genotype and host plant in- teractions, with some genotypes being high melezitose secreting on 1 host plant but not on another. However, the interaction effects were not paralleled in the fitness measurements, even though there were significant differences in the average fitness across the different host plants. On the whole, this study demonstrates that aphid honeydew composition is influenced by complex herbivore-plant interactions. We discuss the relevance of these findings in the context of ant-aphid mutualisms and adaptive specialization in aphids.

关键词： aphids Aphis fabae ecological specialization fitness honeydew hostplants Melezitose polyphagous

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Structural Factors of Annonaceous Acetogenins and Their Semisynthetic Analogues Related with the Toxicity on Spodoptera frugiperda

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2015年第2期4卷 56-61页

作者： Lilian Di Toto Blessing Florencia Budeguer Juan Ramos Alicia Bardón Sonia Diaz Margarita Brovetto Gustavo Seoane Adriana Neske Instituto de Química Orgánica Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Ayacucho Argentina Instituto de Química Física Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Ayacucho Argentina INQUINOA-CONICET Tucumán Argentina Dpto de Química Orgánica Fac de Química UdelaR Montevideo Uruguay

Toxic and nutritional effects of annonaceous acetogenins and their semisynthetic analogues on Spodoptera frugiperda were evaluated. Structural modification of the natural ACG, blocking the OH flanking THF with MOM, allowed us to suggest the mode of action of ACG in the membrane. Our study emphasizes the role of the flanking OH and acetyl groups of THF with the membrane hydrophilic polar head groups. They are essential structural factors in the ACG that facilitate the intermolecular interaction that dehydrates the membrane and makes it potentially toxic against Spodoptera frugiperda.

关键词： Annonaceous Acetogenins polyphagous Lepidopteran Toxicity Nutritional Alterations

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Insecticidal Effects of the Annonaceous Acetogenin Squamocin and the Acetogenin Fraction of Seeds of <i>Rollinia occidentalis</i>on Soybean and Corn Pests

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2014年第4期3卷 156-160页

作者： Diego Tolosa José Ruiz Hidalgo Pedro Eugenio Sal Susana Popich Alicia Bardón Adriana Neske Instituto de Química Orgánica Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Ayacucho Argentina Universidad Nacional de Chilecito Chilecito Argentina INQUINOA-CONICET Tucumán Argentina

A treatment based on the acetogenin fraction of the methanol extract of Rollinia occidentalis seeds was applied to soybean crops for three consecutive years. In relation to the control population, the treatment reduced the population of Anticarsia gemmatalis, Rachiplusia nu, Pseudoplusia includens, Loxostege bifidalis and Spodoptera frugiperda to 52% and 65% after 48 h of application at concentrations of 500 and 750 μg/mL respectively, while low toxic effects were detected on natural enemies. The extract treatment at 500 μg/mL and a solution of the annonaceous acetogenin, squamocin, at 50 and 100 μg/mL, were also applied to a corn field to produce 75%, 93% and 100% mortality rates on the population of S. frugiperda, respectively, after 72 h of application. In addition, damages caused by lepidopterans in treated crops were lower than those observed in non treated fields, evaluated by residual biomass. This statement is based on data from trials with the commercially available insecticides lufenuron and cypermethrin.

关键词： Annonaceous Acetogenins polyphagous Lepidopteran Soybean Crops Corn Crops Spodoptera frugiperda

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