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Constructing vertical phase separation of polymer blends via mixed solvents to enhance their photovoltaic performance

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第2期58卷 309-316页

作者： Qingqing Yang Jiantai Wang Xiaoqin Zhang Jun Zhang Yingying Fu Zhiyuan Xie State Key Laboratory of polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A polymer blend comprising poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)donor and poly[2,7-(9,9′-octyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-5′,6′-bis(hexyloxy)-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)](PFDTBT-OC6)acceptor is used as the active layer to fabricate all-polymer solar *** blend morphology variance processed with pure and mixed solvents,and the related photovoltaic performance,are investigated in *** is found that,due to its low surface energy,a thin P3HT enrichment layer on the top surface of the active layer greatly increases bimolecular recombination and results in S-kinks of the illuminated current density-voltage *** the incorporation of p-xylene(a marginal solvent of P3HT)in the blend solution,the P3HT enrichment atop the active layer surface is effectively decreased because the high boiling-point p-xylene suppresses the diffusion of P3HT chains toward the top surface during the film-drying *** bimolecular recombination was thus improved and the S-kinks of the photovoltaic curves were completely *** overall power conversion efficiencies of the devices are strongly boosted(from 0.88%to 1.41%)when chlorobenzene:p-xylene mixed solvent is used to replace pure chlorobenzene.

关键词： polymer solar cells polymer blends vertical phase separation bimolecular recombination S-kink

COALESCENCE INDUCED GRADIENT MORPHOLOGY NEAR A WALL IN PHASE SEPARATED polymer blends DURING QUIESCENT ANNEALING

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2002年第6期20卷 543-550页

作者： Wei Yu Chi-xing Zhou De-lu Zhao Department of polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 China State Key Laboratory of polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080, China Department of polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 上海 200240 Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry 北京 100080

A fast coalescence mechanism is proposed to account for the wall effect on the formation of gradient morphology in phase separated polymer blends during quiescent annealing. The existence of solid wall with high polarity is believed to change the potential field around the dispersed particles near the wall. This additional potential interaction between the solid wall and the dispersed particles causes faster coalescence of the dispersed particles near the wall than in the bulk. The gradient phase morphology thus formed can be predicted by combining the wall-particle interaction and the touch-coalescence mechanism. The effect of interfacial tension on the gradient morphology is also discussed.

关键词： gradient morphology wall effect coalescence polymer blends interfacial tension

Phase-field simulation of thermal-induced spinodal phase separation in polymer blends

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Phase-field simulation of thermal-induced spinodal phase sep...

SOME ASPECTS OF MORPHOLOGIES AND INTERFACES IN COpolymer/HOMOpolymer blends

第十六届全国相图学术会议暨相图与材料设计国际研讨会

作者： Y.C.Li~(1 2) C.P.Wang~2 X.J.Liu~(2 *) 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen 361024 P.R.China 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Materials and Research Center of Materials Design and Applications Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P.R.China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen361024P.R.Ch Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Materialsand Research Center of Material

＜正＞Formation of nanostructures during thermal-induced phase separation in polymer blends is investigated via computer simulations using the phase field *** liquid spinodal phase separation and fluid flow processes are considered by solving simultaneously the Cahn-Hilliard and Navier-Stokes *** result shows that the morphology of the phase-separated materials is determined by the quench temperature and the average concentration.A detailed understanding of the effects of quench depth during the phase separation process of spinodal phase separation is *** addition,a systematic comparison between systems with and without hydrodynamic effects is also *** model developed and the results obtained could shed light on utilizing spinodal phase separation in polymer blends to obtain novel nanostructures for advanced applications.

关键词： Phase field method Thermal-induced phase separation polymer blends

来源： cnki会议评论

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 1988年第4期6卷 345-352页

作者：江明曹宪一于同隐 Institute of Material Science Fudan University Fudan University Shanghai

Based on a series of morphological studies of blends of homopolymer (Homo) and a variety of block and graft copolymers (Cop), the nature of phase separation, interface, emulsification and inner morphology of copolymer-dispersed phase etc. in the blends are discussed. In the cases of Cop AB/Homo A/Homo B systems, in which one homopolymer forms matrix, it is observed that the dispersed homopolymer phase is exclusively associated with Cop AB, i.e. no Homo A-Homo B interface exists. This phenomenon is believed to be caused by minimizing the interfacial energy of the systems. Meanwhile, preferential solubilization or anchoring of the like chains of copolymer into homopolymer matrix leads to stabilization of the dispersed phase in the matrix. In addition, regular variation of the inner morphology of the dispersed copolymer phase with the composition and molecular parameters of the component polymers is observed. When the two components have comparable proportions, alternating concentric shells are the most common feature which is associated with minimizing the interfacial energy in the Cop/Homo systems.

关键词： polymer blends Morphology Interface Emulsification

Monte Carlo Simulation on Layered polymeric Films

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2014年第5期32卷 595-602页

作者： Ru Xia Xiang-song Wu 陈鹏 Jia-sheng Qian Xiao-shuang Feng Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly polymer Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University Eco-Efficient Product & Process Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 Research & Innovation Center in Shanghai (RICS) Solvay(China) Co. Ltd.

Thin films of polymer blends composed of alternating copolymer, diblock copolymer and/or homopolymer are studied using Monte Carlo simulation. A multilayer morphology is observed in the film, that is, the blended polymers assemble into individual domains arranged from interior to the surfaces of the film. The coexisting components residing throughout the neighboring domains in the film make no distinguishable interface between any neighboring domains. By this means, it forms a vertical composition gradient in the polymeric film. Being different from layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolyte or hydrogen bonding approach etc., the layered structure in this study is formed by polymer blending in one step. Alternating copolymers are found to be essential components to form vertical composition gradient （layered structure） in thin films.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation polymer blends Alternating copolymer Layered structure.

Insights into Phthalonitrile/Epoxy blends Modification System from Non-competitive Cure System Based on Alicyclic Anhydride

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2017年第12期35卷 1561-1571页

作者： Jiang-bo Lv Jing-zhi Ma Kang Cheng Chang Chen Jiang-huai Hu 曾科杨刚 State Key Laboratory of polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University

A series of polymer blends were prepared from 1,3-bis（3,4-dicyanophenoxy）benzene（3 BOCN） and epoxy resin with methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride as curing agent. The curing behavior and curing kinetics of the blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The apparent activation energy of the blends with various contents of 3 BOCN was higher than that of the blends without 3 BOCN. A model experiment suggested that there is no obvious reaction between phthalonitrile and epoxy. The thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer blends were evaluated. The polymer blends exhibit high storage modulus and char yield compared with the neat epoxy. The polymer blends show ductile fracture morphology by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） images.

关键词： polymer blends Phthalonitrile Epoxy resin Non-competitive

Crystallizability of Poly(ε-caprolactone) blends with Poly(vinylphenol) under Different Conditions

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2014年第9期32卷 1119-1127页

作者： Tian-bo Yang Xiao-li Sun Zhong-jie Ren 李慧慧 Shou-ke Yan State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology

The intermolecular interaction between poly（vinylphenol）（PVPh） and polycaprolactone （PCL） and the crystallization behavior of PCL in PCL/PVPh blends with different compositions and under different conditions were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra （FTIR） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. It has been shown that the PCL in the blends with different blend ratios all exists in crystalline state after solution casting, even though the crystallinity decreases with increasing PVPh content. For the melt crystallized samples, PCL in its 80/20 PCL/PVPh sample can still crystallize. The crystallinity is, however, lower than that of the solution cast sample. For blends containing 50% or 20% PCL, the as-cast samples are semicrystalline and can change to compatible amorphous state after heat treatment process. FTIR analysis shows the existence of hydrogen bonding between PCL and PVPh and the fraction of hydrogen bonds increases remarkably after heat treatment process.

关键词： Poly(vinylphenol) Polycaprolactone polymer blends Crystallinity Hydrogen bonding.

FRACTAL CHARACTER OF PHASE MORPHOLOGY OF HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE/POLY(cis-BUTADIENE) RUBBER blends

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2006年第2期24卷 125-133页

作者：盛京 School of Materials Science & Engineering Tianjin University

Evolution and fractal character of the phase morphology of high impact polystyrene/poly（cis-butadiene） rubber （HIPS/PcBR） blends during melting and mixing were investigated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The characteristic length L was defined as the size of particles of the dispersed phase in blends. Different fractal dimensions, Df and Din, were introduced to study the distribution width of phase dimensions in the dimensionless region and the uniformity of the spatial distribution of particles, respectively. The results showed that the average characteristic length Lm and Df increase as the volume fraction of the dispersed phase increases, when the volume fraction of the dispersed phase is lower than 50%. In other words, the size of particles increases and their distribution in the dimensionless region becomes more uniform. Meanwhile, the uniformity of the spatial distribution becomes more perfect as the volume fraction increases. At a certain composition, Lm decreases in the initial stage of the mixing and levels off in the late stage. In the initial stage, Df becomes large rapidly with the process of blending, which means that the distribution of L in the dimensionless region becomes more uniform. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution tends to be ideal rapidly in the early stage and fluctuates in a definite range in the late stage of the mixing.

关键词： polymer blends High impact polystyrene Poly(cis-butadiene) rubber Fractal character

Sustainable blends of Poly(propylene carbonate)and Stereocomplex Polylactide with Enhanced Rheological Properties and Heat Resistance

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2020年第11期38卷 1267-1275,I0009页

作者： Yi Li Yan-Cun Yu Chang-Yu Han Xian-Hong Wang De-Xin Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 730778China Key Laboratory of polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

Sustainable blends of poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC)and stereocomplex polylactide(sc-PLA)were prepared by melt blending equimolar poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)and poly(D-lactide acid)(PDLA)with PPC to form sc-PLA crystals in situ in the melt blending *** seanning calorimetry analysis revealed that only sc-PLA,no homo-crystallization of PLLA or PDLA,formed in the PPC matrix as the sc-PLA con tent was more than 10 wt%.Very in triguingly,scan ning electronic microscopy observati on showed that sc-PLA was evenly dispersed in the PPC phase as spherical particles and the sizes of sc-PLA particles did not obviously increase with in creasing sc-PLA con *** a con seque nee,the rheological properties of PPC were greatly improved by incorporation of *** the sc-PLA con tent was 20 wt%,a percolati on n etwork structure was formed,and the blends showed solid-like *** sc-PLA particles could reinforce the PPC matrix,especially at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of ***,the Vicat softening temperature of PPC/sc-PLA blends could be increased compared with that of neat PPC.

关键词： Sustainable polymer blends Poly(propylene carbonate) Stereocomplex polylactide