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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第6期17卷 1432-1440页

作者： FENG Jie TIAN Xiangli DONG Shuanglin LI Da HE Ruipeng ZHANG Kai ZHANG Dongxu ZHANG Qingqi The Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education Fisheries CollegeOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Marine Fishery Technology Guiding Office of Ganyu Lianyungang 222100China Marine and Fisheries Research Institute of Rizhao Rizhao 276800China

Trophic interaction among various biomass groups in a swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus polyculture pond was investigated using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. The polycultured animal species also included white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, short-necked clam Ruditapes philippinarum, and redlip mullet Liza haematochila. The mean δ^(13)C value for all the biomass groups in polyculture ecosystem ranged from -25.61‰ to -16.60‰, and the mean δ^(15)N value ranged from 6.80‰ to 13.09‰. Significant difference in the δ^(13)C value was found between particulate organic matter(POM) and sediment organic matter(SOM)(P polyculture ecosystem. Our finding indicated that the polyculture of these four organisms with suitable farming density could make an effective use of most of the food sources, which can make a highly efficient polyculture ecosystem.

关键词： trophic interaction Portunus trituberculatus polyculture stable isotope diet composition

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budget of a polyculture System of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus), Jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta) and Shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第3期13卷 503-508页

作者： LI Junwei DONG Shuanglin GAO Qinfeng ZHU Changbo Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education of China Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

The nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) budget and the ecological efficiency of a polyculture system of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus), jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta) and shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) were studied in a cofferdam, 120.2 ha in size. The nutrients were supplied by spring tide inflow. In total, 139600 kg N yr-1 and 9730 kg P yr-1 input to the system; while 118900 kg N yr-1 and 2840 kg P yr-1 outflowed from the system concurrently, thus the outflow was 85.7%(N) and 29.2%(P) of inflow. The production of N and P was 889.5 kg yr-1 and 49.28 kg yr-1(sea cucumber) and 204 kg yr-1 and 18.03 kg yr-1(jellyfish and shrimp), respectively. The utilization rate of N and P by polycultured animals was 7.8‰ and 6.9‰, respectively, 21.9% and 38% higher than that of monocultured sea cucumber. Our results indicated that the polyculture system was an efficient culture system of animals and a remediation system of coastal environment as well; it scavenged 14.3% and 70.8% of N and P, respectively. Such an ecological efficiency may be improved further by increasing either the stocking density or the size of sea cucumber or both.

关键词： polyculture nitrogen budget phosphorus budget Apostichopus japonicus Rhopilema esculenta Fenneropenaeus chinensis

polyculture OF SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI AND KELP LAMINRIA JAPONICA IN SUNGO BAY

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1996年第4期14卷 322-329页

作者：方建光孙惠玲燕敬平匡世焕李锋 GaryF.Newkirk Jon Grant Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science Qingdao 266003 Biology Department Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H 4J1 Department of Oceanography Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada. B3H 4J1

Several polyculture models of scallop Chlamys farreri and kelp Laminaria japonica currently employedin Sungo Bay and other parts of northern China are described in this paper. Economic benefits of differ-ent polyculture models are analysed based on the growth rate, culture density and market price. In addi-tion, site selection, critical environmental conditions and polyculture problems are discussed in detail.

关键词： polyculture scallop kelp shallow sea economic benefit

Closed recirculating system for shrimp-mollusk polyculture

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2005年第4期23卷 461-468页

作者：吴雄飞赵志东李德尚常抗美童转尚斯烈刚徐开崇葛柏林 Fishery Research of Ningbo Ningbo 315000 China Fisheries Bureau of Ninghai County Ninghai 315600 China Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Marine and Fishery Institute Zhejiang Ocean CollegeZhoushan 316000 China Yuexi Office of Oceanic Affairs Ninghai 315605 China

This paper deals with a new system of aquaculture, i.e., a closed recirculating system for shrimp-mollusk polyculture. The culture system consisted of several shrimp ponds, a mollusk water-purifying pond and a reservoir. During the production cycle, water circulated between the shrimp and mollusk ponds, and the reservoir compensated for water loss from seepage and evaporation. Constricted tagelus, Sinonovacula con- stricta, was selected as the cultured mollusk, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, as the cultured shrimp. The main managing measures during the production cycle were: setting and using the aerators; introduc- ing the probiotic products timely into the shrimp ponds; adopting a "pen-closing" method for controlling shrimp viral epidemics; setting the flow diversion barriers in the mollusk pond to keep the circulating water flowing through the pond along a sine-like curve and serve as substrate for biofilm; no direct feeding was necessary for the cultured mollusk until the co-cultured shrimp was harvested; natural foods in the water from the shrimp ponds was used for their foods. Two sets of the system were used in the experiment in 2002 and satisfactory re- sults were achieved. The average yield of the shrimp was 11 943.5 kg/hm2, and that of the mollusk was 16 965 kg/hm2. After converting the mollusk yield into shrimp yield at their market price ratio, the food coefficient of the entire system averaged at as low as 0.81. The water quality in the ponds was maintained at a desirable level and no viral epidemics were discovered during the production cycle.

关键词： closed-recirculating system polyculture Litopenaeus vannamei Sinonovacula constricta

CARBON CYCLE IN SHRIMP polyculture MESOCOSM

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2000年第1期18卷 67-73页

作者：刘国才李德尚董双林 Aquaculture Research Laboratory Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao China

The carbon cycle in shrimp polyculture mesocosm ecosystems was studied in the shrimp farm of the Huanghai Fisheries Group Corporation in Shandong Province from May to August, 1997. The results showed that the plankton community respiration rate fluctuated between 0.07 and 2.28 mgC/(L·d), average of 0.82±0.42 mgC/(L·d), which was 49 percent of the rate of phytoplankton gross production;that the average respiration rates (mgC/(L·d)) of micro , nano and pico plankton were 0.07, 0.38 and 0.31, which were 175, 30 and 207 percent of the corresponding sized phytoplankton production rates; that the sediment respiration rate (mgC/(m 2·d)) varied from 178.64 to 373.23, average of 262.60±48.68, and increased gradually with the lapse of culture time; and that the organic carbon accumulation and the respiration in the sediment of the shrimp monoculture mesocosm was higher than that in the polyculture mesocosms. The total sediment respiration per 25 m 2 mesocosm in the culture period averaged 571.16 gC, which was 10 percent of the total organic carbon input of the mesocosm.

关键词： carbon cycle shrimp polyculture mesocosm

SUMMARY OF STUDIES ON CLOSED-polyculture OF PENAEID SHRIMP WITH FISHES AND MOLUSCANS

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2000年第1期18卷 61-66页

作者：李德尚董双林 Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao China

Closed polyculture of Chinese penaeid shrimp,Taiwan red tilapia ,and molluscans(constricted tagelus and bay scallop) was studied from 1995 to 1997 with the enclosure experiment method, on a shrimp farm in Haiyang County,Shandong Province. Four structure optimized closed polyculture systems, i.e., the “shrimp tagelus" system, the “shrimp scallop" system,the “shrimp tilapia" system and the “shrimp tilapia tagelus" system,were worked out. All these polyculture systems were superior to shrimp monoculture system in economic and ecological efficiencies. The order of these polyculture systems in efficiencies was “shrimp tilapia tagelus">“shrimp tagelus">“shrimp tilapia">“shrimp scallop". The “shrimp tilapia tagelus" system raised the production by 28% and the utilization efficiency of input nitrogen by 85%.These closed polyculture systems reduced the nitrogen discharge ratio to 6%-8%, instead of 40%-90% in the usual open culture systems. The ecological features of the systems were also investigated and many meaningful results have been obtained. The mechanism enhancing the efficiencies of these systems, the ways to enhance the efficiencies further and those to reuse the sedimented materials are disscussed.

关键词： closed polyculture penaeid shrimp tilapia scallop

The Potential for Homestead Pond polyculture of Tilapia and Carps in Coastal Bangladesh

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Journal of Fisheries Science 2019年第1期1卷 15-25页

作者： Md.Abdul Wahab Md.Jimi Reza Mir Mohammad Ali Md.Nahiduzzaman Michael J.Phillips WorldFish Bangladesh and South Asia OfficeBananiDhaka-1213Bangladesh Department of Aquaculture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka-120Bangladesh WorldFish Head Quarter PenangMalaysia

A fishers’women-led Participatory Action Research(PAR)was conducted in 30 homestead ponds to assess the potential for polyculture of Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)and major carps Rohu(Labeo rohita)and Catla(Catla catla)in two coastal fishing villages of *** treatments,namely T1(Tilapia 200 fish per decimal;1 decimal=40 m^2),T2(Tilapia 200+Rohu 32+Catla 8 fish per decimal)and T3(Tilapia 200+Rohu 8+Catla 32 fish per decimal),each with 5 replicates,were tried in Hossainpur and Anipara *** commercial Mega-feed was applied to the ponds twice daily at an initial rate of 10%body weight(bw)/day of Tilapia down to 4%bw/day throughout the culture *** water quality parameters of ponds including transparency,salinity and dissolved oxygen significantly varied among treatments except temperature and pH and remained within optimum range for carp polyculture except *** survival rate,harvesting weight and yield of Tilapia were significantly highest in T1(85.63±05%,258.59±18.76 g&11073±805 kg/ha,respectively)in Anipara and lowest in T3(75.63±0.37%,136.97±10.63 g&5180±406 kg/ha,respectively)in *** gross fish production was the significantly highest in T1(11354±806 kg/ha)of Anipara and lowest in T1(6325±227 kg/ha)of ***,the highest net return(866,627±84874 BDT/ha)was found in T1 of Anipara and lowest in T3(279,389±46104 BDT/ha)of Hossainpur with a significantly higher benefit-cost ratio(BCR)obtained in T1(3.26±0.20)for Tilapia and lower in T3(1.58±0.10)for polyculture Tilapia and carp of ***,it may be concluded that Tilapia production in small homestead coastal ponds has a higher potential than its mix with carps in polyculture for generating food and supplemental income opportunity for coastal fishers’women in Bangladesh.

关键词： PAR Tilapia Carps polyculture Bangladesh

Impact of Stocking Density on the polyculture of C/arias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第8期2卷 1018-1023页

作者： Olele Nkeonyeasua Florence Tighiri Onome Harrison Fisheries Department Delta State University P.M.B. 95074 Asaba Campus Nigeria

Knowledge on stocking density enables the farmer decide on the density limits that will enhance fish yield when intuition and experience are used as guide. Twelve weeks experiment conducted in concrete tanks assessed the growth performance and survival rate at different stocking densities of test specimens. Data analysis revealed that the highest stocking density produced the highest （157.85 ±36.54a） mean weight gain for C. gariepinus. Mean weight gain for O. niloticus in the same tank as just mentioned, took the reverse order. Specific growth data recorded for C. gariepinus revealed an intermediate value at the highest （4.25 ±1.3ab） and lowest （4.23 ±1.2ab） stocking densities, while the highest value was recorded at the intermediate stocking density （4.41 ± 1.34a）. Data on performance index revealed significant differences between the lowest （339.24 ± 86.95b） and intermediate （397.07±103.81a） and also between the lowest （339.24 ± 86.95b） and the highest （397.81±113.14a） stocking densities. The lowest stocking density recorded the highest food conversion efficiency, while the least was recorded at the highest stocking density. Clarias gariepinus recorded 98.3% survival at the highest stocking density, whereas O. niloticus in the same tank recorded 70.83%. The authors therefore conclude that since the highest stocking density gave the best yield in most of the output parameters, it should be recommended to farmers.

关键词： Clarias gariepinus Oreochromis niloticus polyculture stocking ratio.

Effects of Ionic Concentrations on Survival and Growth in polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Oreochromis niloticus in Low Salinity Water

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第8期1卷 1217-1220页

作者： K. Limhang C. Limsuwan N. Chuchird W. Taparhudee Aquatic Animal Production Technology Program Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology Silpakorn University Phetehaburi IT campus Sampraya Cha-am Phetchaburi 76120 Thailand Aquaculture Business Research Center Faculty of Fisheries Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand

A study comparative of rearing of the Pacific white shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei） with the Nile tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus） in three earthen ponds （5,600 m^2） with the salinity ranged from 0.5-1.2 ppt and three treatment ponds with salinity of 2-4 ppt by adding brine water into the ponds. Postlarvae 12 （PL12） of L. vannamei were stocked at density of 9 PL/m^2 and after one week the Nile tilapia fingerlings were stocked at density of I fish/m^2. Only pelleted feed were given to the fish during the 196-day rearing period. Shrimps were partially harvested by sieve net at day 80 and 120, and five days later PLI2 were stocked at the rate of 3 PL/m^2. After final harvesting at day 196, the production, body weight and survival from the treatment group were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than those of the control group. While the fish production body weight and survival rate from both groups were not significant differences （P 〉 0.051）. The ionic concentration of six major ions （CI, SO42, Ca^2＋, Na^＋, Mg^2＋ and K^＋）, salinity and hardness in the treatment ponds were significantly higher than those of the control ponds （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, the ionic profiles of the treatment ponds were similar to seawater at the salinity of 2 ppt while only 1 ppt in the control ponds. Results from the study indicated that in order to achieve good growth and survival rate of L. vannamei, brine water should be added into grow-out ponds prior to stocking and during the rearing： period to obtain and maintain the salinity not less than 2 ppt.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei Oreochromis niloticus polyculture ionic concentration low salinity water

Effect of polyculture of shrimp with fish on luminous bacterial growth in grow-out pond water and sediment

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第6期 438-441页

作者： Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham Department of Aquatic Animal Health Faculty of Fishery SciencesWest Bengal University of Animal and Fishery SciencesKolkata-700094West BengalIndia

Objective:To study the distribution of marine luminous bacteria in shrimp culture systems of West Bengal and the effect of polyculture of shrimp with fish to reduce luminous ***:Luminous bacterial counts were enumerated by spread plating on seawater complex agar from shrimp grow-out pond water and pond sediment samples of West Bengal,***:About 31.16%and 51.44%of pond sediment and pond water samples respectively had detectable levels of luminous *** was noticed that in normal ponds a shift happened in bacterial profile of water from the day of flooding up to 60 d,with the dominance of luminous bacteria among vibrios,reaching counts 10^(4) cells/mL or *** in diseased ponds,luminous bacterial abundance within the ponds was noticed in the first 6 weeks of *** reduction in luminous bacterial counts of water and sediment was observed through out the culture period in polyculture ponds compared to monoculture *** was no incidence of white spot syndrome viral disease and luminous vibriosis in both controlled and experimental ***:The results suggest vigilant monitoring of ponds for luminous bacteria abundance and polyculture of shrimp with fish in ecofriendly sustainable aquaculture can reduce the impact of shrimp disease outbreak.

关键词： Shrimp culture Luminous bacteria Biological treatments polyculture