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Mast fruiting in a hawkmoth- pollinated orchid Habenaria glaucifolia: an 8-year survey

Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第2期8卷 136-141页

作者： Ying-Ze Xiong Chang-Qiu Liu Shuang-Quan Huang School of Life Sciences Central China Normal University152 Luoyu AvenueHongshan DistrictWuhan 430079China Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650204China

Aims The hypothesis of predator satiation has been proposed to explain mast fruiting in various flowering *** considers that the simultaneous production of large numbers of seeds by a plant population reduces the risk of seed predation for each *** produce huge numbers of seeds per fruit and rarely experience seed *** remains unclear which factors may affect fluctuating fruit production in orchids,which generally suffer a widespread pol-len *** explore the temporal pattern of fruiting and poten-tial factors related to fluctuation in fruit production,we investigated reproductive success of a long-spurred orchid(Habenaria glaucifo-lia)in an alpine meadow with thousands of individuals over 8 *** To estimate reproductive success,pollinator observation was con-ducted by day and at night,and pollinia removal and receipt were recorded in the field population for 8 *** examine whether fruit set and seed set are pollen limited,we conducted supple-mentary pollination experiments and compared fruit set,seed set and pollinia movement of open-pollinated flowers from 2011 to *** measured lengths of spurs and pollinator probos-cises,and nectar volume and concentration,to identify potential *** Findings Hawkmoths were seen to be effective pollinators for ***-folia in 3 years,whereas in the remaining 5 years no pollinators were observed,and consequently pollinia were rarely *** pollinia movements were observed in 2012,2013 and 2014(pollinia removal:48,59 and 85%;pollinia receipt 51,70 and 80%),and correspondingly fruit set was significantly higher in 2012 and 2013(59 and 46%)than in 2011(25%).it was fruit set,rather than seed set,that was pollen limited in this orchid in the 3 years,in that supplementary pollination increased fruit set but did not increase seed set per fruit compared to *** species of hawkmoths had proboscis lengths that matched the spur length of ***

关键词： Habenaria glaucifolia mast fruiting orchidaceae pollinator scarcity pollen limitation pollinia movement ‘sit and wait’strategy

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