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Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas： Characteristics, influencing factors and policy implications

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第6期25卷 701-722页

作者： SHAO Jing'an ZHANG Shichao LI Xiubin College of Geographical Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 China Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing 400047 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China

Based on SPOT-5 images, 1：1 million topographic maps, the maps of the returning farmland to forest project and the Chongqing forest project, social and economic statistics, etc., this paper identifies the features and factors influencing farmland marginalization. The results showed：（1） During 2002-2012, the rate of farmland marginalization was 16.18%, which was mainly found in the high areas of northern Qiyao mountains and the medium-altitude areas of southern Qiyao mountains. And this farmland marginalization will increase, associated with non-agriculturalization of rural labourers and aging of the remaining labourers. （2） Elevation, distance radius from villages and road connections had a great in- fluence on farmland marginalization. Farmland marginalization rates showed an increasing trend with the increase of elevation, and 60.88% of the total farmland marginalization area is found at an altitude greater than 1000 m above sea level. The marginalization trend also increases with slope and distance from the distribution network. （3） Farmland area per labourer and the average age of farm labourers were major factors driving farmland marginalization. Farmland transfer and small agricultural machinery sets affect farmland marginalization with respect to management and productivity efficiency. （4） Farmland with ＂comparative-disadvantage-dominated marginalization＂ accounted for 55.32% of the total farmland marginalization area, followed by ＂location-dominated marginalization＂（33.80%）. （5） According to the specifics of each real situation, different policies are suggested to mitigate the margin- alization. A ＂continuous marginalization＂ policy will encourage the return of farmland to forest in ＂terrain-dominated marginalization＂. An ＂anti-marginalization＂ policy is suggested to create new rural accommodation and improve the rural road system to counteract ＂terrain-dominated marginalization＂. And another ＂anti-marginalization＂ policy is planned to improve management a

关键词： farmland marginalization features influencing factors policy implications mountainous area

Role of Breastfeeding in Promoting Maternal &Child Health and policy implications in New Zealand

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Health 2016年第1期8卷 75-82页

作者： Adhikari Ramil Massey University Wellington New Zealand

Worldwide researches over infant’s health have generally focused and aimed on understanding the complex factors (both positive and negative) affecting the infant’s health which further had ultimately helped them to frame policies nationally as well as internationally. Out of these factors, breastfeeding is one of the vital concerns for research related to infant mortality and morbidity. The World Health Organization recommends that infants should be exclusively breastfed until first six months and receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods thereafter while breastfeeding continues for up to two years of age or beyond. In New Zealand (NZ), only 12% of 6 months old children were exclusively breastfed in 2006. The Ministry of Health plays a leading role for the protection, promotion and supporting breastfeeding in NZ. There are a number of areas/implications that NZ need to focus at such as providing antenatal and postpartum education, training of health professionals, community and workplace support, policy frameworks, breast-feeding statistics and intersectoral approach. These measures mainly focus at the initiation but less has been done to continue and support breastfeeding in NZ. In order to achieve this, all of these areas should be given prime and equal consideration. Hence, there is a strong need to develop strategies that maintain and promote breastfeeding at 6 months or beyond in NZ taking into considerations of various barriers and enabling factors.

关键词： Breastfeeding Benefits Barriers policy implications

Unveiling Global Human Trafficking Trends: A Comprehensive Analysis

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第1期12卷 49-75页

作者： Somtobe Olisah Clement Odooh Oghenekome Efijemue Echezona Obunadike Jane Onwuchekwa Omoshola Owolabi Saheed Akintayo Callistus Obunadike Department of Computer Science Austin Peay State University Clarkesville TN USA Department of Data Science Carolina University Winston-Salem NC USA

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of global human trafficking trends over a twenty-year period, leveraging a robust dataset from the Counter Trafficking Data Collaborative (CTDC). The study unfolds in a systematic manner, beginning with a detailed data collection phase, where ethical and legal standards for data usage and privacy are strictly observed. Following collection, the data undergoes a rigorous preprocessing stage, involving cleaning, integration, transformation, and normalization to ensure accuracy and consistency for analysis. The analytical phase employs time-series analysis to delineate historical trends and utilizes predictive modeling to forecast future trajectories of human trafficking using the advanced analytical capabilities of Power BI. A comparative analysis across regions—Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe—is conducted to identify and visualize the distribution of human trafficking, dissecting the data by victim demographics, types of exploitation, and duration of victimization. The findings of this study not only offer a descriptive and predictive outlook on trafficking patterns but also provide insights into the regional nuances that influence these trends. The article underscores the prevalence and persistence of human trafficking, identifies factors contributing to its evolution, and discusses the implications for policy and law enforcement. By integrating a methodological approach with quantitative analysis, this research contributes to the strategic planning and resource allocation for combating human trafficking. It highlights the necessity for continued research and international cooperation to effectively address and mitigate this global issue. The implications of this research are significant, offering actionable insights for policymakers, law enforcement, and advocates in the ongoing battle against human trafficking.

关键词： Human Trafficking Global Trends Data Analysis Victim Demographics policy implications Technological Advancements Socioeconomic Factors Forecasting Regional Disparities Transnational Crime

Comparison of the Development of CDMO at Home and Abroad and Its Enlightment to China

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Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy 2024年第3期19卷 244-250页

作者： Zhao Meng Huang Zhe School of Business Administration Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Objective To analyze the development status of contract development manufacturing organization(CDMO)at home and abroad,and to make some suggestions for the development of CDMO in *** The relevant literature was searched and reviewed,and the development status of CDMOs in the United States,France,Japan and China was compared from the aspects of market scale,development process,development focus,advantages and disadvantages,and policy ***,some suggestions for the development of CDMO enterprises in China were *** and Conclusion Through the comparison of CDMO development at home and abroad,it can be seen that China started CDMO late,there were many technical barriers and its globalization layout were not ***,the development trend was good and it focused on the field of chemical drugs and biological drugs to constantly develop innovative *** needs to continuously improve its own technical capabilities to carry out innovative ***,cost reduction and efficiency increase will be the key elements for the development of CDMOs,and they are expected to have a rapid and comprehensive development in the future.

关键词： CDMO current situation of enterprise development domestic and international comparison policy implications

Social Causes of Arab Youth Radicalizing

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2016年第12期6卷 743-756页

作者： Diab M. Al-Badayneh Rami A. Al-Assasfeh Nisreen A. Al-Bhri Police College MOI Qatar IKCRS Amman Jordan Mutah University Alkarak Jordan

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of macro social factors （states, religion, region, Arab spring, terrorism, unrest （Shoe index）, democracy, corruption （GPI）, Human development （HDI）, low self-control, life stress events （LSE）, youth unemployment, religiosity, feeling （fear and anger）, youth unemployment and total unemployment） on Arab youth＇s radicalization. A sample of 6,730 Arab youth age 15-24 years was selected from Kuwait, UAE, KSA, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Jordan, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, Gaza and Palestine and Syrian refuges in Jordan. A questionnaire of 43 items to measure radicalization was developed based on the literature review. A construct validity of the scale was estimated by calculating the correlation between radicalization scale and Low self-control scale and found a positive significant relationship （0.680, a = 0.000）, a sign of validity of the scale. A Reliability of the scale is strong and was estimated by Cronbach＇s alpha and was 0.947. An average of 46.6% of the participants was categorized as radicals with standard deviation of 12. Macro social factors explained 64% of the variance on radicalization. It has a significant impact on radicalization （F = 807.6, a = 0.000）. Each single variable has a significant impact. The analysis revealed three groups of macro determinants of youth radicalization were identified：（1） Geographic factors： state, region, and Arab spring; （2） Social factors： religion, religiously, feelings, LSE and LSC; （3） Human security： unrest, terrorism, democracy, corruption, human development, youth unemployment and employment rate. To alleviate the consequences of radicalization, prevention policies should take in account youth concerns as partners and victims of radicalization. Policies need to focus on radicalization pull and push factors on micro-meso-macro level.

关键词： radicalization Arab youth policy implications

我国零售业区域集聚影响因素的实证分析及政策含义

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贸易经济 2013年第3期

作者：仲伟周郭彬彭晖

我国零售业区域集聚作用日益凸显并逐渐被人们认识，文章利用空间基尼系数和区位商对我国零售业的区域集聚趋势进行了分析，并通过个体固定效应面板数据模型对影响我国零售业区域集聚的因素做了实证研究。文章研究发现，我国零售业区域... 详细信息

我国零售业区域集聚作用日益凸显并逐渐被人们认识，文章利用空间基尼系数和区位商对我国零售业的区域集聚趋势进行了分析，并通过个体固定效应面板数据模型对影响我国零售业区域集聚的因素做了实证研究。文章研究发现，我国零售业区域集聚度呈下降趋势，人力资本的投入与零售业地区集聚发展呈正相关关系，而政府政策以及地区居民购买力与地区零售业的集聚发展水平呈负相关关系的结论，从地理位置来看，各地区零售业的集聚发展与该地区的地理位置所代表的消费习惯等因素有关，且东中部地区受该因素正向影响较多，而西部地区反之。文章最后还根据这些研究发现提出进一步促进我国零售业集聚发展的相关政策建议。

关键词：零售业区域集聚影响因素实证分析政策含义 retail industry regional agglomeration influencing factors empirical analysis policy implications

乡村振兴背景下宅基地“三权分置”改革的政策意蕴与实践模式

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体制改革 2023年第10期

作者：李怀陈明红

宅基地“三权分置”改革是乡村振兴背景下亟须突破的一项土地制度改革。基于治理视角和对试点地区的考察，分析宅基地“三权分置”改革的政策意蕴、现实困境与实践模式。研究表明。宅基地“三权分置”作为全面推进乡村振兴战略过程中的... 详细信息

宅基地“三权分置”改革是乡村振兴背景下亟须突破的一项土地制度改革。基于治理视角和对试点地区的考察，分析宅基地“三权分置”改革的政策意蕴、现实困境与实践模式。研究表明。宅基地“三权分置”作为全面推进乡村振兴战略过程中的重大理论创新，其政策意蕴在于发挥所有权治理功能进行权能重构，通过强化所有权治理功能统摄地位，兼顾资格权居住保障功能，适度放活使用权财产功能，构建适应中国特色土地产权制度的宅基地制度，推动乡村振兴。当前，宅基地“三权分置”政策执行中仍面临所有权行使机制不完善、资格权保障机制未建立、使用权流转机制不顺畅等现实困境。新一轮宅基地制度改革试点地区“三权分置”权能重构与治理路径的实践模式和经验表明，只有突出所有权在宅基地治理中的根本地位，结合区位优势、资源禀赋，因地制宜选择自愿有偿退出或使用权盘活模式，平衡资格权保障功能与使用权财产功能，才能破解改革中面临的问题，使宅基地“三权分置”改革成为全面实现乡村振兴的重要内生动力。

关键词：乡村振兴宅基地三权分置政策意蕴实践模式 rural revitalization homestead three rights separation policy implications practical models

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美国退役军人住房保障经验及其对中国的启示

社会保障制度 2023年第9期

作者：孙小梅朱亚鹏

党的十八大以来，我国退役军人的待遇和福利问题得到高度重视。如何优化退役军人待遇、彰显军人荣誉成为实务界和学界亟待回应的议题。住房保障政策是“让军人成为全社会尊崇的职业”的重要政策着力点之一。在缓解退役军人住房问题上，... 详细信息

党的十八大以来，我国退役军人的待遇和福利问题得到高度重视。如何优化退役军人待遇、彰显军人荣誉成为实务界和学界亟待回应的议题。住房保障政策是“让军人成为全社会尊崇的职业”的重要政策着力点之一。在缓解退役军人住房问题上，美国先后经历了从注重贷款担保到实行多重保障的优化过程，主要经验包括立法政策先行、注重市场机制、充分激活和发挥社会力量的作用等。在住房保障政策不断完善的过程中，美国政府在退役军人住房保障中的角色也经历了“兜底保障—金融支持—综合保障”的演变。参考美国相关经验，在新的时代背景下，我国退役军人主管部门可从强化组织力量、设立退役军人住房保障专司机构等方面入手，建立健全基于功绩的住房保障政策，推动我国退役军人政策制度体系高质量发展。

关键词：退役军人住房保障美国经验政策启示 veterans housing security U.S.experience policy implications

能源系统低碳转型中的挑战与机遇：车网融合消纳可再生能源

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国民经济管理 2022年第9期

作者：马少超范英

随着我国能源系统低碳转型的不断推进，以电动汽车替代燃油汽车、以可再生能源发电替代火力发电为代表的低碳能源生产和利用技术应用规模迅速增加，导致承载能量传输任务的电力系统面临着大规模随机性充电需求和波动性发电消纳的双重挑... 详细信息

随着我国能源系统低碳转型的不断推进，以电动汽车替代燃油汽车、以可再生能源发电替代火力发电为代表的低碳能源生产和利用技术应用规模迅速增加，导致承载能量传输任务的电力系统面临着大规模随机性充电需求和波动性发电消纳的双重挑战。借助电动汽车充电时间可调度、电池储能空间可用的特征，采用车网融合的模式解决上述能源转型过程中的供需结构性矛盾是极具潜力的研究领域。本文分析了车网融合的基础、评估了我国车网融合的技术和经济潜力，提出推进车网融合的关键是管理机制和引导政策。最后，结合电动汽车行业的政策演进历程，给出了逐步转向市场驱动的政策建议。

关键词：能源低碳转型电动汽车可再生能源车网融合V2G 政策建议 energy low-carbon transformation electric vehicles renewable energy vehicle-to-grid(V2G) policy implications