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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 92-105页

作者： Hongbing Fu Yufei Gu Tianhua Gao Fuwei Li Hengshuo Gu Hucheng Ge Yuke Liu Zhixia Li Hongfei Lin Jiangfei Cao School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Nanning 530007China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Zhaoqing UniversityZhaoqing 526000China

ZSM-5 with hierarchical pore structure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization from silica fume without using any organic ammonium templates.The synthesized ZSM-5 were oval shaped particles with a particle size about 2.0 μm and weak acid-dominated with proper Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites.The ZSM-5 was used for catalytic co-cracking of n-octane and guaiacol,lowdensity polyethylene(LDPE)and alkali lignin(AL)to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene(BTEX).The most significant synergistic effect occurred at n-octane/guaiacol at 1:1 and LDPE/AL at 1:3,under the condition,the achieved BTEX selectivity were 24%and 33%(mass)higher than the calculated values(weighted average).The highest BTEX selectivity reached 88.5%,which was 3.7%and 54.2%higher than those from individual cracking LDPE and AL.The synthesized ZSM-5 exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the commercial ZSM-5,indicating potential application prospect.

关键词： Silica fume ZSM-5 Catalytic co-cracking plastics Lignin

Tailoring the Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from plastics to Elastomers via Stereoselective Copolymerizations of rac-β-Butyrolactone andβ-Propiolactone

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第9期42卷 963-972页

作者： Haoran Zhang JiaojiaoQin Xiaoyan Tang Beijing National Laboratoryfor Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCenterforSoftMatter Science and EngineeringCollegeof Chemistry andMolecularEngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate),a crucial member of the large biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate family,suffers from its brittleness.To enhance its performance,we employed a straightforward approach involving the ring-opening copolymerization of racemic-β-butyrolactone(rac-β-BL)andβ-propiolactone(β-PL)using the syndio-selective amino-alkoxy-bis(phenolate)-yttrium complex as a catalyst,thanks to the excellent ductility of poly(3-hydroxypropionate).Control over the rac-β-BL/β-PL feeding ratios and polymerization time yielded random or block copolymers with tunable thermal and mechanical properties comparable to traditional fossil-based plastics.Furthermore,we achieved one-pot synthesis of hard-soft-hard triblock copolymers by exploiting monomers’different copolymerization rates and a bifunctional initiator,thus transforming polyhydroxyalkanoates from hard and tough plastics to soft and ductile thermoplastic elastomers.

关键词： Ring-opening(co-)polymerization Biodegradable polymers Polyhydroxyalkanoates Copolymers plastics Elastomers

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微塑料和纳米塑料威胁青藏高原环境

Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 589-592页

作者：张玉兰康世昌罗犀 Tanuj Shukla 高坛光 Deonie Allen Steve Allen Melanie Bergmann State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham 200003UK Ocean Frontiers Institute Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven D-27515Germany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Plastic pollution is a planetary level threat which affects Earth’s environment and ecosystems.From the poles to deep ocean basins,the growth of plastic waste has already exceeded its limits.The projected increase of plastic production and waste generation over the coming years makes the situation even more daunting.Even after stagnation in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,the global plastic production has also increased from 335 to 391 million metric tons(Mt)between 2016 and 2021(Fig.S1 online);yet currently post-consumer recycled and bio-based/attributed plastics only accounts~9%of the world’s plastic production[1].Statistically.

关键词：微塑料 attributed plastics

Improving hydrocarbons production via catalytic co-pyrolysis of torrefied-biomass with plastics and dual catalytic pyrolysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 196-209页

作者： Peter Keliona Wani Likun Huiyan Zhang Yuyang Fan Key Laboratory of Thermal Energy Conversion and Control Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Mechanical Engineering Juba UniversityJubaP.O.Box 82South Sudan

To increase the low yield and selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbons during the biomass pyrolysis process,we torrefied the biomass and then co-pyrolyzing with plastics such as high-density polyethylene(HDPE),polystyrene(PS),ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)and polypropylene(PP)and also single and dual catalyst layouts were investigated by Py-GC/MS.The results showed that non-catalytic fast pyrolysis(CFP)of raw bagasse(RBG)generated no aromatics.After torrefaction non-CFP of torrefied bagasse(TBG)generated low aromatic yield.Indicating that torrefaction would enhance the proportion of aromatics during the pyrolysis process.The CFP of TBG_(200℃)and TBG_(240℃)over ZSM-5 produced the total aromatic yield of 1.96 and 1.88 times higher,respectively,compared to non-CFP of TBG.Furthermore,the addition of plastic could increase H/Ceff ratio of the mixture,consequently,increase the yield of aromatic compounds.Among the various torrefied-bagasse/plastic mixtures,the CFP of TBG/EVA(7:3 ratio)mixture generated the highest the total aromatic yield of 7.7 times more than the CFP of TBG alone.The dual catalyst layout could enhance the yield of aromatics hydrocarbons.The dual-catalytic co-pyrolysis of TBG_(200℃)/plastic(1:1)ratio over USY(ultra-stable Y zeolite)/ZSM-5,improved the total aromatics yield by 4.33 times more than the catalytic pyrolysis of TBG_(200℃)alone over ZSM-5 catalyst.The above results showed that the yield and selectivities of light aromatic hydrocarbons can be improved via catalytic co-pyrolysis and dual catalytic co-pyrolysis of torrefied-biomass with plastics.

关键词： Torrefaction Biomass plastics Co-Pyrolysis Dual-catalyst Aromatics Selectivity

Molded fiber and pulp products as green and sustainable alternatives to plastics:A mini review

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 14-25页

作者： Yanling Zhang Chao Duan Swetha Kumari Bokka Zhibin He Yonghao Ni College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper DevelopmentShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Department of Chemical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickCanada

There are significant incentives/pressures on decreasing the use of plastics and their related prod-ucts in the packaging industry,correspondingly,strong demands are emerging for clean,renew-able,recyclable/biodegradable packaging products.In this context,molded fiber/pulp products have attracted increasing attention,due to their green/sustainable advantages,simply because the raw materials used are plant-based and/or recycled fibers.Many companies have switched their packing practices from plastics to more environmentally friendly products,such as molded fiber products,which already have had and will continue to have obvious effect on packaging industries.This paper initially provides an overview on the general concept of molded pulp prod-ucts,and further summarizes the different types of molded fiber products in terms of natural fiber sources,manufacturing processes,current and emerging applications as well as the environmental sustainability of molded products.

关键词： Molded pulp products Packaging plastics Renewable Biodegradable Lignocellulosic fibers

Impact of Plastic Waste on the Human Health in Low-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第5期15卷 572-595页

作者： Ramde Wendkoaghenda Sophie Gbandama Koffi Kouame Pacome Gansore Aminata Camara Kelety Tolno Barthélemy Assogba Ange Wenceslas Vinciale Niare Boubacar Patrice Ngangue Institute for Interdisciplinary Training and Research in Health Sciences and Education Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Regional Directorate of Health and Public Hygiene of South-Central Burkina Faso Ministry of Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Health Promotion and Education Ministry of Health and Public Hygi&#232ne Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Dermatology-Venorology Treichville University Hospital F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Donka National Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Bamako Mali National AIDS Control Program PNLS Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Marketing and Consumer Welfare Research Laboratory Abomey-Calavi University Cotonou Benin Regional Health Directorate of the District of Bamako Ministry of Health and Social Development Bamako Mali Department of Family Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Faculty of Nursing Sciences Laval University Quebec Canada

Background: Plastic pollution is the accumulation of waste composed of plastic and its derivatives all over the environment. Whether in the form of visible garbage or microparticles, as it slowly degrades, plastic pollution poses significant threats to terrestrial and aquatic habitats and the wildlife that call them home, whether through ingestion, entanglement or exposure to the chemicals contained in the material. Unfortunately, there is a lack of documentation on the impact of plastic waste on human health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL and Web of Science) and gray literature, following the preferred reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), for the impact of plastic waste on human health in developing countries. We included quantitative and qualitative studies written in English and French. We assessed the quality of the included articles using the Mixed Methods Appraisal tool (MMAT). Results: A total of 3779 articles were initially identified by searching electronic databases. After eliminating duplicates, 3167 articles were reviewed based on title and abstract, and 26 were selected for full-text review. Only three articles were retained. The three articles dealt with practices likely to lead to oral exposure to plastic chemicals in human health, as well as the level of awareness of participants concerning the possible impact of plastic on human health, namely, the use of plastic baby bottles, the use of microwaves to cook food and reheat precooked food, the use of plastic bottles to store water in the refrigerator, water purifier containers with plastic bodies and plastic lunch boxes, the reuse of plastic bags and the inadequacy of treatment facilities. Conclusion: Plastic waste poses different risks to human health at every stage of its life cycle. Hence, strategies must be adopted to raise public awareness of the dangers of plastic waste to their health. Trial registration: The r

关键词： Human Population Plastic Waste Health Impact Low-Income-Countries (Humans Iatrogenic Disease plastics Policy Recycling Waste Management)

The leaching of additive-derived flame retardants(FRs) from plastics in avian digestive fluids:The significant risk of highly lipophilic FRs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第11期31卷 200-207页

作者： Huiying Guo Xiaobo Zheng Shuling Ru Xiaojun Luo Bixian Mai State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China College of Resources and Environment South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The exposure to plastic debris and associated pollutants for wildlife is of urgent concern,but little attention has been paid on the transfer of plastic additives from plastic debris to organisms.In the present study,the leaching of incorporated flame retardants (FRs),including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs),alternative brominated FRs (AFRs),and phosphate flame retardants (PFRs),from different sizes of recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer were investigated in avian digestive fluids.The impact of co-ingested sediment on the leaching of additive-derived FRs in digestive fluids was also explored.In the recycled ABS,BDE 209 (715 μg/g) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE,1766 μg/g) had the highest concentrations among all target FRs.The leaching proportions of FRs were higher in finer sizes of ABS.The leaching proportions of FRs from recycled ABS increased with elevated logKow of FRs.In the tests with coexisted ABS and sediment,hexato deca-BDEs,BTBPE,and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) migrated from ABS to sediment,which resulted in the less bioaccessible fractions of these FRs in gut fluids.More lipophilic chemicals tended to be adsorbed by sediment from ABS.The results suggest the migration of additive-derived FRs from plastics to other indigestible materials in digestive fluids.The findings in this study provide insights into the transfer of additive-derived FRs from plastics to birds,and indicate the significant contribution of FR-incorporated plastics to bioaccumulation of highly lipophilic FRs.

关键词： Recycled plastics Digestive fluids Flame retardants Leaching

Thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of a synthetic mixture representative of packaging plastics residue

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 288-303页

作者： Simona Colantonio Lorenzo Cafiero Doina De Angelis Nicolo MIppolito Riccardo Tuffi Stefano Vecchio Ciprioti Department for Sustainability ENEA—Casaccia Research CenterRome 00123Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Environmental EngineeringSapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy Department of SBAI Sapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy

A synthetic mixture of real waste packaging plastics representative of the residue from a material recovery facility(plasmix)was submitted to thermal and catalytic pyrolysis.Preliminary thermogravimetry experiments coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to evaluate the effects of the catalysts on the polymers’degradation temperatures and to determine the main compounds produced during pyrolysis.The thermal and catalytic experiments were conducted at 370℃,450℃ and 650℃ using a bench scale reactor.The oil,gas,and char yields were analyzed and the compositions of the reaction products were compared.The primary aim of this study was to understand the effects of zeolitic hydrogen ultra stable zeolite Y(HUSY)and hydrogen zeolite socony mobil-5(HZSM5)catalysts with high silica content on the pyrolysis process and the products’quality.Thermogravimetry showed that HUSY significantly reduces the degradation temperature of all the polymers—particularly the polyolefines.HZSM5 had a significant effect on the degradation of polyethylene due to its smaller pore size.Mass balance showed that oil is always the main product of pyrolysis,regardless of the process conditions.However,all pyrolysis runs performed at 370℃ were incomplete.The use of either zeolites resulted in a decrease in the heavy oil fraction and the prevention of wax formation.HUSY has the best performance in terms of the total monoaromatic yield(29 wt-%at 450℃),while HZSM5 promoted the production of gases(41 wt-%at 650℃).Plasmix is a potential input material for pyrolysis that is positively affected by the presence of the two tested zeolites.A more effective separation of polyethylene terephthalate during the selection process could lead to higher quality pyrolysis products.

关键词： packaging plastics waste plasmix pyrolysis zeolite catalyst degradation temperature

Multivariate Analysis of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Discrimination between Explosives and plastics

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第4期29卷 89-91页

作者：王茜蒨刘凯赵华 School of Optoelectronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081

A method to distinguish explosives from plastics using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is discussed.A model for classification with cross-validation theory is built based on the partial least-square discriminant analysis method.Seven types of plastics and one explosive are used as samples to test the model.The experimental results demonstrate that laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has the capacity to discriminate explosives from plastics combined with chemometrics methods.The results could be useful for prospective research of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on the differentiation of explosives and other materials.

关键词： plastics materials plastics

Novel technology of electroless Ni-W-P on plastics and its interface behavior

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第Z1期14卷 136-139页

作者： WANG Tian-xu HU Yong-jun MENG Ji-long College of Mechanical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641 China College of Mechanical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641 China College of Mechanical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641 China

The electroless Ni-W-P coatings on polyoxymethylene(POM) were prepared. The POM was pretreated by hot spraying Al powder on it. Before the electroless Ni-W-P deposition, the POM with Al coating was flash plated in alkaline bath. The mechanism of Ni-W-P deposition was studied and the technology was optimized. The XRD analysis shows that the "as-deposited" Ni-W-P plating has mixed crystalline structure. The hardness value of deposits is more than HV700. The abrasion resistance of deposits is six times more than that of POM. Bending test was used to determine the cohesion between the deposits and the substrates. SEM was used to study the behavior of surface abrasion and interface bonding condition. The reason for the excellent cohesion was interpreted.

关键词： plastics electroless plating interface Ni alloy