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plant diversity as a Good Indicator of Vegetation Stability in a Typical Plateau Wetland

Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 464-474页

作者： LI Wei TAN Rui YANG Yu-ming WANG Juan Southwest Forestry University Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity Key Laboratory of the State Forestry Administration for Conservation of Yunnan Rare Endangered & Endemic Plant Yunnan Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial for Forest plant Cultivation and Utilization Yunnan Academy of Forestry

Biotic indicators have been widely used to monitor wetland health. However, few studies have explicitly evaluated if plant diversity could serve as a useful community-level indicator of wetland stability,especially when wetlands are confronted with anthropogenic perturbations. Based on three-year record of wetland plant species abundance in Napahai plateau wetland, Shangri-la under the influence of varying anthropogenic perturbation types, our study tests the impact of such perturbations on plant richness and the relationship between ecosystem temporal stability and plant richness, and further assesses the effectiveness of using plant diversity indicator to probe ecosystem temporal stability of Napahai plateau wetland and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that anthropogenic perturbations could have contributed significantly to realistic variation in plant diversity, and further demonstrated that ecosystem temporal stability was positively related to realistic variation in plant diversity. In particular, communities with high levels of diversity might have better capacity to dampen perturbation impacts than communities with low levels of diversity, and statistical averaging could have played an important role in causing greater stability in more diverse communities. Also, asynchrony might have a stabilizing effect on community stability, and diversity could have stabilized communities through both species asynchrony and population stability propagation. Therefore, our results suggest that plant diversity could be used as a useful indicator of the stability conditions of plateau wetland ecosystems confronted with anthropogenic perturbations, and the preservation of plant communities at sufficient abundance and diversity is necessary for maintaining healthy plateau wetlands and for sustaining their essential ecosystem functions and services.

关键词： Plateau wetland plant diversity Community stability Ecological indicator

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plant diversity reduces the effect of multiple heavy metal pollution on soil enzyme activities and microbial community structure

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第2期6卷 213-223页

作者： Yang GAO Chiyuan MIAO Jun XIA Liang MAO Yafeng WANG Pei ZHOU Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

It is unclear whether certain plant species and plant diversity could reduce the impacts of multiple heavy metal pollution on soil microbial structure and soil enzyme activities. Random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） was used to analyze the genetic diversity and microbial similarity in planted and unplanted soil under combined cadmium （Cd） and lead （Pb） pollution. A metal hyper- accumulator, Brassica juncea, and a common plant, Festuca arundinacea Schreb, were used in this research. The results showed that microorganism quantity in planted soil significantly increased, compared with that in unplanted soil with Cd and Pb pollution. The order of microbial community sensitivity in response to Cd and Pb stress was as follows： actinomycetes 〉 bacteria 〉 fungi. Respiration, phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase activity were significantly inhibited due to Cd and Pb stress. Compared with unplanted soil, planted soils have frequently been reported to have higher rates of microbial activity due to the presence of additional surfaces for microbial colonization and organic compounds released by the plant roots. Two coexisting plants could increase microbe population and the activity of phosphatases, dehydrogenases and, in particular, ureases. Soil enzyme activity was higher in B. juncea phytoremediated soil than in F. arundinacea planted soil in this study. Heavy metal pollution decreased the richness of the soil microbial community, but plant diversity increased DNA sequence diversity and maintained DNA sequence diversity at highlevels. The genetic polymorphism under heavy metal stress was higher in B. juncea phytoremediated soil than in F. arundinacea planted soil.

关键词： enzyme activity soil DNA microbial popula-tion plant diversity heavy metal

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plant diversity, population structure, and regeneration status in disturbed tropical forests in Assam, northeast India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 715-720页

作者： Gitamani Dutta Ashalata Devi Department of Environmental Science Tezpur University

We investigated the plant population structure and the phy- tosociological and regeneration status in two disturbed tropical forests in Assam Province, the Hojai Reserve Forest and Kumorakata Reserve Forest. A total of 166 species （80 trees, 20 shrubs and 66 herbs） of 136 genera and 63 families were recorded in both study sites. The disturbance index at the two sites, Kumorakata Reserve Forest and Hojai Reserve Forest, were recorded at 11.4% and 3.70% respectively. Reverse J-shaped population curve and exploitation of tree species in higher girth classes were recorded at both study sites. In the girth classes （10-30 cm, 30-60 cm, 60-90 cm and 90-120 cm in size） the percentage of cut stump density was higher than the percentage of individual living trees. The 18% （Kumorakata Reserve Forest） and 7% （Hojai Reserve Forest） spe- cies were recorded as not regenerating. Illegal felling and over-exploitation of forest resources may lead to species-specific changes in the population structure and can alter the future structure and composi- tion of the forests.

关键词： plant diversity regeneration disturbance population struc-ture Assam India

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plant diversity at Chilapatta Reserve Forest of Terai Duars in subhumid tropical foothills of Indian Eastern Himalayas

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 591-596页

作者： Gopal Shukla Rajib Biswas A. P. Das Sumit Chakravarty Department of Forestry Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari-736165 (Cooch Behar) West Bengal India Department of Botany University of North Bengal

From March 2007 to March 2009 we quantified plant diversity at Chilapatta Reserve Forest in Terai Duars in the Indian eastern Himala-yas. We sampled stratified random nested quadrats. Species richness was 311, representing 167 genera and 81 families. The species diversity index and concentration of dominance of the forest were 2.20 and 0.0072, respectively. Shannon-Wiener index and evenness indices were 4.77 and 1.44, respectively. The Importance Value Index （IVI） of species ranged from 0.13 to 37.94. The estimated diversity indices indicated heterogene-ity of the forest in its composition, structure, function and dynamics. Rich forest plant diversity supports the need for continued conservation of tropical forests.

关键词： Terai Duars phyto-sociology plant diversity diversity indices

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plant diversity-productivity patterns in the alpine steppe environment of the Central Tianshan Mountains

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Journal of Arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 43-48页

作者： Hu, YuKun Li, KaiHui Gong, YanMing Yin, Wei Chinese Acad Sci Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

The biodiversity-productivity relationship is an important topic in the research of biodiversity and ecosystem function. The plant diversity productivity pattern is commonly unimodal and positively correlated. This paper researches the characteristics of plant diversity-productivity patterns in the Bayanbuluk alpine steppe in the central Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China, and analyzes the effects of environmental factors on the distribution of plant communities, species composition, plant diversity and productivity in the steppe. The results show a positive correlation between plant diversity and productivity. DCCA (detrended canonical correspondence analysis) ordination reveals a significant relationship between the effects of air temperature, soil moisture content, available soil nitrogen, relative humidity and pH value on the distribution and composition of plant communities. There are significant correlations between the soil moisture content, relative humidity, pH value, air temperature and species richness and the aboveground biomass of Gramineae and Cyperaceae, and also significant correlations between the relative humidity, pH values and the total aboveground biomass of plant communities.

关键词： Tianshan Mountains plant diversity productivity DCCA ordination alpine steppe environmental factor

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The relative and combined effects of herbivore assemblage and soil nitrogen on plant diversity

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 830-837页

作者： Minna Zhang Bai Liu Guangyin Li Yingying Kuang Xiuquan Yue Shicheng Jiang Jushan Liu Ling Wang Institute of Grassland Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

plant diversity can be affected by both herbivore grazing and soil resources. However, it is unclear if the joint effects of herbivores and soil resources might vary with components of plant diversity. Here, we evaluated the relative and combined effects of herbivore assemblage and soil nitrogen(N) quantity and heterogeneity on the α and β components of plant diversity in a grassland that was subjected to four years of grazing under differing herbivore assemblages(no grazing, cattle grazing, sheep grazing, and mixed grazing). We found that herbivore assemblage combined with soil N quantity explained 41% of the variation in plant α-diversity, while herbivore assemblage combined with soil N heterogeneity explained 15% of the variation in plant β-diversity. The independent effects of herbivore assemblage explained more than those of soil N for both α-and β-diversity(α-diversity: 12% vs. 4%;β-diversity: 18% vs. 16%). We concluded that the effects of herbivores are stronger than those of soil N,and that grazing-induced changes in soil resources are important drivers of plant diversity change, especially α-***, we suggest that managing herbivore species by accounting for the effects that their grazing can have on soil resources may be significant for plant diversity maintenance.

关键词： plant diversity large herbivore resource heterogeneity soil N availability α-diversity β-diversity

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plant diversity is coupled with soil fungal diversity in a natural temperate steppe of northeastern China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第4期4卷 454-469页

作者： Dan Liu Guohua Liu Li Chen Wangya Han Dongbo Wang Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Torch High Technology Industry Development Center Ministry of Science&TechnologyBeijing 100049China Institute of Ecology School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Monitoring Station for Eco-environment of Hulunbeir Hulunbeir 021000China

Soil fungi and aboveground plant play vital functions in terrestrial ecosystems,while the relationship between aboveground plant diversity and the unseen soil fungal diversity remains *** established 6 sites from the west to the east of the temperate steppe that vary in plant diversity(plant species richness:7-32)to explore the relationship between soil fungal diversity and aboveground plant *** fungal community was characterized by applying 18S rRNA gene sequencing using MiSeq PE300 and aligned with Silva 132 *** a result,soil fungal community was predominately composed of species within the Ascomycota(84.36%),Basidiomycota(7.22%)and Mucoromycota(6.44%).plant species richness occupied the largest explanatory power in structuring soil fungal community(19.05%–19.78%).The alpha(α)diversity of the whole soil fungi and Ascomycota showed a hump-backed pattern with increasing plant species richness,and the beta(β)diversity of the whole soil fungi and Ascomycota increased with increasing plantβ*** results indicated that soil fungi and external resources were well balanced at the 20-species level of plant and the sites were more distinct in the composition of their plant communities also harbored more distinct soil fungal ***,plant diversity could predict both soil fungalαandβdiversity in the temperate steppe of northeastern China.

关键词： Temperate steppe Sequencing plant diversity Soil fungal diversity

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Influence of soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties on plant diversity in an arid desert of Western China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2645-2659页

作者： Xiaodong Yang Yanxin Long Binoy Sarkar Yan Li Guanghui Lv Arshad Ali Jianjun Yang Yue-E.Cao Department of Geography&Spatial Information Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211P.R.China Institute of Resources and Environment Science Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046P.R.China Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Urumqi 830046P.R.China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUK Department of Forest Resources Management College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037Jiangsu ProvinceP.R.China School of Environmental and Geographical Science Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234P.R.China

Soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties are considered the two most influencing factors for maintaining plant ***,the operational mechanisms and which factor is the most influential manipulator remain poorly *** this study,we examine the collaborative influences of soil physicochemical properties(i.e.,soil water,soil organic matter(SOM),salinity,total phosphorus and nitrogen,pH,soil bulk density and fine root biomass)and soil microorganisms(fungi and bacteria)on plant diversity across two types of tree patches dominated by big and small trees(big trees:height≥7 m and DBH≥60 cm;small trees:height≤4.5 m and DBH≤20 cm)in an arid desert *** patch is consists of a single tree or group of trees and their accompanying shrubs and *** was hypothesized that soil physicochemical properties and microorganisms affect plant diversity but their influence *** results show that plant and soil microbial diversity increased with increasing distances from big ***,salinity,fine root biomass,soil water,total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents decreased with increasing distance from big trees,while pH and soil bulk density did not *** and soil microbial diversity were higher in areas close to big trees compared with small trees,whereas soil physicochemical properties were *** average contribution of soil physicochemical properties(12.2%-13.5%)to plant diversity was higher than microbial diversity(4.8%-6.7%).Salinity had the largest negative affect on plant diversity(24.7%-27.4%).This study suggests that soil fungi constrain plant diversity while bacteria improve it in tree *** physicochemical properties are the most important factor modulating plant diversity in arid desert tree patches.

关键词： Arid ecosystem Soil microbial diversity Soil physicochemical properties plant diversity Soil salinity

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Thriving green havens in baking deserts:plant diversity and species composition of urban plantations in the Sahara Desert

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1270-1287页

作者： Mohammed SOUDDI Haroun CHENCHOUNI M'hammed BOUALLALA Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources Faculty of Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of Ahmed Draia-AdrarAdrar 01000Algeria Laboratory of Algerian Forests and Climate Change Higher National School of ForestsKhenchela 40000Algeria Laboratory of Natural Resources and Management of Sensitive Environments University of Oum El BouaghiOum El Bouaghi 04000Algeria Higher School of Saharan Agriculture Adrar 01000Algeria

Hot arid zones represent vital reservoirs of unique species and ecosystems,holding significant importance for *** study aimed to explore the plant diversity associated with tree plantations in urban ecosystems under hyper-arid climatic conditions in the Sahara Desert of *** May 2022,30 quadrats measuring 1 m^(2) each were established at the base of Phoenix dactylifera,Leucaena leucocephala,and Tamarix aphylla,corresponding to the dominant tree species in each of three *** each quadrat,the plant quantitative inventory was conducted to measure plant diversity and similarity among the studied *** on this,we assessed the plant functional traits and rarity/abundance status of the *** findings revealed a diverse flora associated with the studied plantations,comprising 29 plant species grouped into 27 genera and 12 ***,Poaceae(accounting for 30.8% of the flora),Asteraceae(25.0%),and Zygophyllaceae(21.6%)were *** an overall density of approximately 555 individuals/m^(2),Zygophyllum album(120 individuals/m^(2))and Polypogon monspeliensis(87 individuals/m^(2))emerged as the most abundant *** trait analysis underscored the pivotal role of therophytes(constituting over 50.0% of the flora)and anemochorous species(33.0%-62.5%).Phytogeographic analysis emphasized the prevalence of the Saharo-Arabic element(constituting over 31.0% of the flora)and the Mediterranean Saharo-Arabic element(9.5%-21.5%).The Cosmopolitan element thrived under disturbance factors,recording percentages from 13.0% to 20.0% of the plant *** rarity/abundance status of the flora emphasized the significance of rare,common,and very common species in the studied *** findings could provide fundamental data for the effective control and management of biodiversity in hot hyper-arid urban ecosystems.

关键词： urban plantations plant diversity plant functional traits rarity/abundance status Sahara Desert Algeria

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Influence of ginseng cultivation under larch plantations on plant diversity and soil properties in Liaoning Province,Northeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第9期13卷 1598-1608页

作者： LIU Wei-wei LIU Mou-cheng LI Wen-hua ZENG Fan-shun QU Yi Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Liaoning Academy of Forestry Shenyang 110032China

Currently, transforming the mode of forest management and developing multiple forest management practices are actively encouraged in China. As one forest management type, ginseng cultivation under larch plantations has been developed significantly in the east of Liaoning Province. However, research on the influence of the ecological environment for this mode of production is still deficient. Based on this, our study compares the plant diversity and soil properties in the ginseng cultivation under larch plantations(LG) with larch plantations(LP) and natural secondary forests(SF). First, we randomly selected three plots for each of the three stand types which have similar stand characteristics; then, we carried out a plant diversity survey and soil sampling in each of the nine plots. The results show that no significant difference was found in plant diversity between LG and LP, but theevenness of herbs was significantly lower in LG than LP. No obvious changes in soil physical properties were found in LG, but a significant decrease in most of the soil nutrient content was presented in LG. Furthermore, we found a correlation between plant diversity(H') and soil properties in the three kinds of stand types, especially between herbaceous plant diversity and soil properties. We conclude that ginseng cultivation under larch plantations has no obvious effect on plant diversity, except the herbaceous evenness. Soil fertility can be depleted significantly in LG, but physical structures are not affected. Moreover, maintaining the diversity of herbaceous plants and controlling the density of ginseng cultivation in LG by farmers are important for the ecological environment. Based on this study and its good comprehensive benefits and with the support of policy, we think this forest management type should be promoted moderately in the region.

关键词： Forest management Ginseng cultivation Larch plantations Secondary forests plant diversity Soil properties Changbai Mountain

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