检索结果-南通市图书馆

Grain yield and N uptake of maize in response to increased plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply conditions

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 122-140页

作者： Jingui Wei Qiang Chai Wen Yin Hong Fan Yao Guo Falong Hu Zhilong Fan QimingWang State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Lanzhou 730070China College of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Life Sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer *** the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive ***,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains *** study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to *** treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(W1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(W2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N *** water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme *** with W2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under W1N1D2.W1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than W2N2D1.W1N2D2 improv

关键词： water and N reduction plant density maize grain yield N uptake compensation effect

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

plant density affects measures of biodiversity effects

引用

Journal of plant Ecology 2013年第1期6卷 1-11页

作者： Terezie Stachova Pavel Fibich Jan Leps Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceUniversity of South BohemiaBranisovska 3137005 Ceske BudejoviceCzech Republic Institute of Entomology Biology CentreCASBranisovska 3137005 Ceske BudejoviceCzech Republic

Aims:We tested for the effect of final sowing plant density(*** of established seedlings)on the values of biodiversity effects[transgressive overyielding,net effect,complementarity effect(CE)and selection effect(SE),trait-dependent complementarity and dominance effect]in a glasshouse pot ***:We conducted a single-season(4 months)glasshouse *** monocultures and mixtures containing up to four common meadow species from different functional groups were sown and subsequently thinned to five density levels(8–128 individuals per pot,i.e.200–3200 individuals m2).Community functioning was characterized by yield(both living and dead biomass)of all constituent *** Findings:Our results show that plant density(final sowing density in our case,but this finding can be generalized)affects the yields of both monocultures and *** these and their relationships are the basis for calculation of biodiversity effects,these effects also varied along the density *** biodiversity effect,CE and SE all increased with *** net biodiversity effect and the CE switched from negative to quite positive in the four-species *** Fox’s tripartite partitioning,trait-dependent complementarity was minor in comparison to the dominance *** of our experimental species did not follow the density–productivity relationship,called constant final yield(CFY),which was reflected in the biodiversity *** shape of the density–productivity relationship for experimental species affects also the values of biodiversity indices,particularly when species do not follow the CFY *** to our data and recent simulation experiments,the values of commonly used biodiversity effects can be rather misleading if a species has,e.g.a unimodal dependence of yield for the density gradient and the density level used in the experiment is higher than the peak density.

关键词： biodiversity effects plant density constant final yield

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluation and analysis of intraspecific competition in maize: A case study on plant density experiment

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2235-2244页

作者： ZHAI Li-chao XIE Rui-zhi MING Bo LI Shao-kun MA Da-ling Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cash Crop Stress Biology for Ulanqab Jining Normal University

Intraspecific competition is a common phenomenon in agricultural production,and maize is one of the most sensitive grass species to intraspecific competition due to its low tillering *** study evaluated and analyzed intraspecific competition in maize,and screened competitive indices that could be used to evaluate intraspecific competition in a maize population.A 2-year field experiment was conducted using the maize hybrid Zhongdan 2 at 12 plant densities ranging from 1.5 to 18.0 plants（pl）*** results showed that the response of single-plant grain yield and dry matter at harvest to increased plant density decreased exponentially and that the harvest index decreased *** response of population-level grain yield to plant density was curvilinear,producing a maximum value at the optimum population ***,the yielddensity equation agreed well with the Steinhart-Hart equation curves,but not with the quadratic equation curves reported by most previous *** indices are used to evaluate competition in a plant population or plant *** present results show that competitive intensity（CI）and absolute severity of competition（ASC）increased with increasing plant density;however,relative yield（RY）and relative reproductive efficiency（RReff）*** different responses of these indices reflect different aspects of *** to the analysis of CI,ASC,RY,and RReff,higher CI and ASC values indicate higher intraspecific competition,whereas higher RY and RReff values indirectly reflect lower intraspecific *** competitive indices evaluate not only the intraspecific competitive intensity under different plant densities of the same cultivar but also those of different cultivars under the same plant ***,some overlap exists in the calculations of ASC,CI,and RY,so one could simply select any one of these indices to evaluate intraspecific competition in a maize *** conclusion,the present study

关键词： maize intraspecific competition plant density competitive indices grain yield

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2372-2381页

作者： CHEN Yuan LIU Zhen-yu HENG Li Leila IMTAMBEL ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN De-hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P.R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield ***-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the upper and middle canopy layers are also required for *** objective of this study is to quantify the individual and interaction effects of plant density and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride(MC)on temporal and spatial distributions of yield bolls,as well as yield and yield *** the 2013–2016 cotton growing seasons,the experiments were conducted on a shortseason cotton cultivar CRRI50 at Yangzhou University,*** combinations of plant density(12.0,13.5 and 15.0 plants m^(–2))and MC dose(180,270 and 360 g ha^(–1))were applied on cotton *** combination of 13.5 plants m^(–2)and 270 g ha^(–1)MC resulted in the greatest boll number per unit area,the highest daily boll setting number and more than 90%of bolls positioned within 45–80 cm above the *** conclusion,appropriate MC dose in combination of high plant density could synchronize boll-setting period and retain more bolls at the upper and middle canopy layers without yield reduction in the system of direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest,and thus overcome the labor-intensive problem in current transplanting cropping system.

关键词： direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest plant density mepiquat chloride yield and yield components boll setting boll spatial distribution

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of plant density on cotton yield components and quality

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1469-1479页

作者： ZHI Xiao-yu HAN Ying-chun LI Ya-bing WANG Guo-ping DU Wen-li LI Xiao-xin MAO Shu-chun FENG Lu Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology

Yield and ifber quality of cotton even varies within locules in a bol, but it is not clear how yield components and quality parameters are altered across seed positions of a locule （SPL）. A ifeld experiment was arranged in a split plot design with transgenic insect resistant Bt （Bacilus thuringiensis） cotton hybrid cultivar CRI75 and conventional cultivar SCRC28 as the main plots, and three plant densities （15000, 51000 and 87000 plants ha–1） as the subplots in 2012 and 2013 at Anyang, Henan Province, China. Cotton was hand harvested by node and fruiting position, and then seeds of the ifrst fruiting posi-tion bols from nodes 6–10 were separated by SPL. The effects of plant density on lint yield, ifber quality, especialy across SPL were determined. It was showed that plant densities of 51000 and 87000 plants ha–1 increased lint yield by 61.3 and 65.3% in 2012 and 17.8 and 15.5% in 2013 relative to low plant density （15000 plants ha–1）, however, no signiifcant differ-ence was observed between 51000 and 87000 plants ha–1. The number of bols （bol density） increased while bol weight decreased as plant density raised, and no signiifcant changes occured in lint percentage in 2013 but increased with plant density in 2012. The number of bols in upper nodes and distal fruiting positions, the number of seeds per bol, seed area （SA） and seed vigor index increased with decreasing plant density. Seed area was found to be greater from the base to the middle compared to the apex of a locule. Mote frequency （MF） increased as plant density increased, and ifber quality was the best at the middle of the locule regardless of plant density. As the number of ifbers per seed area is geneticaly determined, adjusting plant density to produce more seeds and greater seed area can be a potentialy promising alternative to improve lint yield in cotton. These ifndings might be of great importantance to cotton breeding and ifled management.

关键词： cotton plant density yield quality seed position

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Response of grain yield to plant density and nitrogen rate in spring maize hybrids released from 1970 to 2010 in Northeast China

引用

The Crop Journal 2016年第6期4卷 459-467页

作者： Chunrong Qian Yang Yu Xiujie Gong Yubo Jiang Yang Zhao Zhongliang Yang Yubo Hao Liang Li Zhenwei Song Weijian Zhang Institute of Crop Cultivation and Farming Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in Northeast ChinaMinistry of Agriculture Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture

The objective of this study was to identify the response of grain yield to plant density and nitrogen rate in spring maize hybrids released from 1970 to 2010 and grown extensively in Northeast ***-one hybrids were grown for 2 years in Northeast China at densities of 30,000,52,500,75,000,and 97,500 plants ha^(-1)and N application levels of 0,150,300,and 450 kg N ha^(-1).Irrespective of density or nitrogen application rate,grain yields both per plant and per unit area were significantly higher for newer than older *** plant density increased from 30,000 to 97,500 plant ha^(-1),yield per plant of 1970 s,1980 s,1990 s,and 2000 s hybrids decreased by 50%,45%,46%,and 52%,*** response of grain yield per unit area to plant density was *** estimated optimum plant densities were about 58,000,49,000,65,000,and 65,000 plants ha^(-1)for hybrids released in the 1970 s,1980s,1990 s,and 2000 s,*** theoretical optimum densities for the hybrids released from the 1970 s to the 2000 s increased by 1750 plants ha^(-1)decade^(-1).Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased grain yields per plant and per unit area for all *** theoretical optimum N application rates for high yield for hybrids released in the 1970 s and 1980 s were about 280 and 360 kg ha^(-1),and the hybrids from the 1990 s and 2000 s showed highest yield at 330 kg ha^(-1)*** significant difference in the grain yields of 2000 s hybrids between the N levels of 150 to 450 kg ha^(-1)was *** yield gains per plant and per unit area were found,with average increases of 17.9 g plant^(-1)decade^(-1)and936 kg ha^(-1)decade^(-1)over the period 1970–2010,*** gains were attributed mainly to increased yield per plant,contributed by increases in kernel number per ear and1000-kernel *** rates of lodging and barren plants of newer hybrids were significantly lower than those of older ones,especially at high plant density.

关键词： Zea mays L. Grain yield plant density Nitrogen application rate Northeast China

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impact of plant density on the Formation of Potato Mimitubers Derived from Microtubers and Tip-Cuttings in Plastic Houses

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第6期12卷 1008-1017页

作者： JIN Hui LIU Jun SONG Bo-tao XIE Cong-hua Key Laboratory of Horticultural plant Biology Ministry of Education/Potato Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province Huazhong Agricultural University

The potato minitubers have been widely used for the elite seed propagation to improve the seed potato system in China. However, little information is available for an efficient production of the minitubers with high plant density in the protected growing conditions like plastic houses. In present research, the minitubers of a wide-grown potato variety, Favorita, were produced with the microtubers from tissue culture and the tip-cuttings of the microtuber plants. Three plant densities, 200, 400 and 600 microtubers or plants m-2 were set up with the randomized block design of 3 replications and the experiment was repeated in 4 seasons in 2009-2010. The canopy development, light interception, dry weight production and partitioning, tuberization and tuber weight were investigated to elucidate the mechanism by which the plant density affects the formation and growth of the minitubers. The results showed that the number of the tubers formed per unite area was in line with the increase in plant density. The difference in leaf area index （LAI） between the plant densities, especially in early stage of the plant growth, resulted in more radiation interception and dry weight producing in higher plant density than in lower one. However, our analysis demonstrated that the conversion coefficient of the cumulative intercepted radiation to plant weight and the dry weight partition rate to the tubers were constant between plant densities, suggesting that less amount of the photoassimilates partitioned to individual tubers is causal for more small tubers in high plant density. A negative exponential curve model, determined by total number of tubers produced per unit area and the mean tuber weight, fitted well to the tuber size distribution pattern. The optimum plant density could be estimated from this model for a maximum production of the minitubers with desired size.

关键词： potato minituber microtuber tip-cutting plant density

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of plant density on Yield and Canopy Micro Environment in Hybrid Cotton

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第10期13卷 2154-2163页

作者： YANG Guo-zheng LUO Xue-jiao NIE Yi-chun ZHANG Xian-long College of plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture

A rational plant population is an important attribute to high yield of cotton, because it can provide a beneficial micro environment within the canopy for plant growth and development as well as yield formation. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted to determine the optimal plant density based on cotton yield in relation to the canopy micro environment （canopy temperature, relative humidity and light transmittance）. Six plant densities （1.2-5.7 plants m^-2） were arranged with a completely randomized block design. The highest cotton yield （1 507 kg ha^-1） was obtained at 3.0 plants m^-2 due to more bolls per unit ground area （79 bolls m2）, while the lowest yield （1 091 kg ha1） was obtained at 1.2 plants m^-2. Under the moderate plant density （3.0 plants m^-2）, there was a lower mean daily temperature （MDT, 27. 1℃） attributing to medium daily minimum temperature （Train, 21.9℃） and the lowest daily maximum temperature （Tmax, 35.8℃）, a moderate mean canopy light transmittance of 0.51, and lower mean daily relative humidity （MRH） of 79.7% from June to October. The results suggest that 3.0 plants m^-2 would be the optimal plant density because it provides a better canopy micro environment.

关键词： cotton canopy environment plant density yield light transmittance

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High plant density increases seed Bt endotoxin content in Bt transgenic cotton

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第7期20卷 1796-1806页

作者： CHEN Yuan LIU Zhen-yu HENG Li Leila I.MTAMBEL CHEN De-hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

plant density is the cultivation practice usually employed to manipulate boll distribution, boll setting and yield in cotton production. In order to determine the effect of plant density on the insecticidal protein content of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton plants, a study was conducted in Yangzhou University of China in 2015 and 2016. Five plant densities(PD1–PD5, representing 15 000, 30 000, 45 000, 60 000, and 75 000 plants ha^(–1)) were imposed on two Bt cotton cultivars, Sikang 1(the conventional cultivar, SK-1) and Sikang 3(the hybrid cultivar, SK-3). The boll number per plant, boll weight and boll volume all decreased as plant density increased. As plant density increased from 15 000 to 75 000 plants ha–1, seed Bt protein content increased, with increases of 66.5% in SK-1 and 53.4% in SK-3 at 40 days after flowering(DAF) in 2015, and 36.8% in SK-1 and 38.6% in SK-3 in 2016. Nitrogen(N) metabolism was investigated to uncover the potential mechanism. The analysis of N metabolism showed enhanced soluble protein content, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) activities, but reduced free amino acid content, and protease and peptidase activities with increasing plant density. At 20 DAF, the seed Bt toxin amount was positively correlated with soluble protein level, with correlation coefficients of 0.825** in SK-1 and 0.926** in SK-3 in 2015, and 0.955** in SK-1 and 0.965** in SK-3 in 2016. In contrast, the seed Bt protein level was negatively correlated with free amino acid content, with correlation coefficients of –0.983** in SK-1 and –0.974** in SK-3 in 2015, and –0.996** in SK-1 and –0.986** in SK-3 in 2016. To further confirm the relationship of Bt protein content and N metabolism, the Bt protein content was found to be positively correlated with the activities of GPT and GOT, but negatively correlated with the activities of protease and peptidase. In conclusion, our present study indicated that high plant density elev

关键词： Bt cotton plant density Bt insecticidal protein nitrogen metabolism

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of plant density on Wild Oat Competition with Competitive and Non-Competitive Wheat Cultivars

引用

Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第10期10卷 1554-1561页

作者： Mohammad Armin Mohammed Asghripour Department of Agronomy Sabzevar Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Agriculture University of Zabol

Wild oat （Avena ludoviciana） is one of the worst weeds in wheat fields. The effect of wheat density on wild oat competition with more or less competitive wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum） was investigated at the Experimental Farm of plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was established as a factorial combination of wheat varieties Roshan as non-competitive and Niknejad as competitive; three wheat densities （recommended density, recommended＋25%, and recommended＋50%, corresponding respectively with 300, 375, and 450 plants m-2 for Roshan and 400, 500, and 600 plants m-2 for Niknejad） and four wild oat densities （0, 25, 50, and 75 plants m-2） were selected for this experiment. Hyperbolic equations were used to describe relationship between yield and weed density. Increase in wheat density reduced wild oat biomass. Maximum wild oat biomass was achieved at the highest density of the wild oat together with the lowest wheat density. The results showed that higher densities of wheat are able to suppress wild oat dry matter production. Inter-specific competition in Niknejad was 1.7 times more than that in Roshan. Maximum yields of Niknejad and Roshan in the presence of wild oat were obtained at recommended density＋25% and recommended density, respectively. Increase in wheat density leads to a decrease in wheat yield due to an increase in intra-specific competition. Increase in wild oat density results in the reduction of wheat yield through decrease in fertile tiller per plant and spike m-2.

关键词： competition plant density wheat wild oat yield

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：