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Effects of soil nitrogen levels on growth and defense of the native and introduced genotypes of alligator weed

Journal of plant Ecology 2022年第3期15卷 461-472页

作者： Mu Liu Fang Zhou Xiaoyun Pan Zhijie Zhang Bo Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity ScienceSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Research Center for Ecology College of ScienceTibet UniversityLhasa 850000China Tibet University—Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Ecology Department of BiologyUniversity of Konstanz78464 KonstanzGermany

plants growing in nutrient-rich environment are predicted to be less defended than conspecifics under nutrient ***,less is known about the effects of nutrient levels on tolerance and induced resistance,and whether the effects differ between native and introduced populations of invasive *** performed a greenhouse experiment with introduced(the USA)and native(Argentina)genotypes of Alternanthera philoxeroides in order to study the effects of soil nitrogen levels on plant growth,constitutive and herbivore(Agasicles hygrophila)-induced chemical defense,and herbivory *** measured total biomass,elongation rate(as proxy of growth rate),carbon and nitrogen,and the concentration of triterpenoid saponins(defensive chemicals)in leaves and *** resistance(+33%higher leaf triterpenoid saponins in control treatment at low nitrogen level)and tolerance[less decreased total biomass after herbivory treatment(−24%and−15%for high and low nitrogen levels)]were favored at lower nitrogen level,while induced resistance was favored at higher nitrogen level(+24%increased leaf triterpenoid saponins after herbivory treatment at high nitrogen level).Constitutive resistance and tolerance exhibited trade-offs with growth rate,while induced resistance positively correlated with growth ***,the introduced genotypes had−6%lower content of leaf carbon in the presence of herbivores than the native genotypes at low nitrogen level,but such difference was absent at high nitrogen *** results indicate that soil nitrogen levels influence the preference of different defensive strategies of plant,and interweave with herbivory to determine the performance of introduced genotypes.

关键词： Alternanthera philoxeroides Agasicles hygrophila growth–differentiation balance hypothesis phenotypic plasticity plant–herbivore interactions plant invasion

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Responses of morphological and physiological traits to herbivory by snails of three invasive and native submerged plants

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Journal of plant Ecology 2022年第3期15卷 571-580页

作者： Xiaolong Huang Jinlei Yu Baohua Guan Hongmin Xie Shuailing Liu Hu He Kuanyi Li State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Jiangsu Jiangda Eco Technology Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214135China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityWanzhou 404000China

The submerged plant species Carolina fanwort(Cabomba caroliniana)has become a dominant invasive aquatic plant in the Lake Taihu Basin(LTB)in *** species may escape their original specialist enemies and encounter fewer enemies in their new *** were assumed to have suffered less herbivory than native species as they are relatively unpalatable(the enemy release hypothesis[ERH]).The objective of this study was to compare the responses of *** with those of co-occurring native species to herbivory from native *** conducted a mesocosm experiment to record the responses of *** and two commonly co-occurring native submerged plant counterparts,water thyme(Hydrilla verticillata)and Eurasian watermilfoil(Myriophyllum spicatum),to herbivory by two native generalist gastropod snails,Radix swinhoei and Sinotaia *** morphological traits(total biomass,shoot/root[S/R]biomass ratio and relative growth rate[RGR])and physiological traits(leaf total nonstructural carbohydrate[TNC],lignin,and cellulose)were *** snail *** rarely influenced the plant traits of the three submerged *** the increasing numbers of *** treatments,most of the plant traits of *** and *** changed,while those of *** showed a relatively stable *** result indicates that *** is more resistant to herbivory by the snail ***,which is consistent with the ERH *** finding indicates that herbivorous snail species contributes to the invasion of ***,which potentially alters the species composition of submerged plants in the plant community.

关键词： aquatic plant biological invasion Cabomba caroliniana enemy release hypothesis Lake Taihu Basin plant–herbivore interactions

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