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Effect of strawberry vein banding virus and strawberry mottle virus co-infection on the growth and development of strawberry

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BIOCELL 2022年第1期46卷 263-273页

作者： LINGJIAO FAN DAN SONG YINGWEI KHOO MENGMENG WU TENGFEI XU XIAOLI ZHAO HONGQING WANG College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China State Key Laboratory of Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China

Strawberry mottle virus(SMoV)and strawberry vein banding virus(SVBV)cause diseases on strawberry plants,but the effect of coinfection of SMoV and SVBV on the growth,development,and defense system of strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duchesne)remains *** investigated the effect of SMoV and SVBV coinfection on strawberry cultivar‘Benihope’.The results showed that stem diameter,leaf size,leaf number,relative chlorophyll content,total chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters,and stomatal aperture of SMoV and SVBV co-infected strawberry(VIS)plants were in a weaker level than uninfected control plants,indicating that viruses inhibited the growth and photosynthesis of strawberry ***,the initiation of flowering and fruiting stages of VIS plants were delayed by about three weeks compared with the controls,and the fruiting period was shortened,demonstrating that the reproduction of VIS plants was *** quality was damaged in VIS plants due to a significant increase in fruit firmness and titratable acidity and decrease in total soluble solid content than control *** dead cells and H_(2)O_(2) accumulated along the veins of VIS leaves,and the content of abscisic acid and catalase activity significantly increased,whereas anthocyanin content was lower than that of control *** results demonstrate that SVBV and SMoV coinfection inhibits the growth and development of‘Benihope’strawberry plants,and the plants respond to viruses by regulating stomatal aperture,the accumulation of ABA and *** our knowledge,this study contributes information to understand how both viruses impair the strawberry growth and development for the first time.

关键词： Photosynthesis Flowering and fruiting period Antioxidants plant defense

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A DNA-Binding Bromodomain-Containing Protein Interacts with and Reduces Rx1-Mediated Immune Response to Potato Virus X

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plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 101-114页

作者： Octavina C.A.Sukarta Philip D.Townsend Alexander Llewelyn Christopher H.Dixon Erik J.Slootweg Lars-Olof Pålsson Frank L.W.Takken Aska Goverse Martin J.Cann Laboratory of Nematology Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University6708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Department of Biosciences Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Biophysical Sciences Institute Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Department of Chemistry Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Molecular plant Pathology Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XH AmsterdamThe Netherlands

plant NLR proteins enable the immune systemto recognize and respond to pathogen *** early consequence of immune activation is transcriptional *** have been shownto act in the nucleus and interact with transcription *** Rx1 NLR protein of potato binds and distorts doublestranded ***,the components of the chromatin-localized Rx1 complex are largely ***,we report a physical and functional interaction between Rx1 and NbDBCP,a bromodomaincontaining chromatin-interacting *** accumulates in the nucleoplasmand nucleolus,interacts with chromatin,and redistributes Rx1 tothe nucleolus in a subpopulation of imaged ***1 overexpression reduces the interaction between NbDBCP and *** is a negative regulator of Rx1-mediated immune responses to potato virus X(PVX),and this activity requires an intact ***,Rx1 has been shown to regulate the DNA-binding activity of a Golden2-like transcription factor,***1 and NbDBCP act synergistically to reduce NbGlk1 DNA binding,suggesting a mode of action for NbDBCP’s inhibitory effect on *** study provides new mechanistic insight into the mechanism by which a chromatin-localized NLR complex co-ordinates immune signaling after pathogen perception.

关键词： cellular immune response DNA-binding protein host-pathogen interaction plant biochemistry plant defense plant virus

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Opposing roles of plant laticifer cells in the resistance to insect herbivores and fungal pathogens

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plant Communications 2021年第3期2卷 93-104页

作者： Lourdes Castelblanque Javier García-Andrade Clara Martínez-Arias Juan J.Rodríguez Francisco J.Escaray Ernestina Aguilar-Fenollosa Josep A.Jaques Pablo Vera Instituto de Biología Moleculary Celular de plantas Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia-C.S.I.CCiudad Politécnica de la InnovaciònEdificio 8EIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022 ValenciaSpain Universitat Jaume I Departament de Ciéncies Agráries i del Medi NaturalCampus del Riu Sec12003 Castellòde la PlanaSpain

More than 12,000 plant species(ca.10%of flowering plants)exude latex when their tissues are *** is produced and stored in specialized cells named“laticifers”.Laticifers form a tubing system composed of rows of elongated cells that branch and create an internal network encompassing the entire *** constitute a recent evolutionary achievement in ecophysiological adaptation to specific natural environments;however,their fitness benefit to the plant still remains to be *** identification of Euphorbia lathyris mutants(pil mutants)deficient in laticifer cells or latex metabolism,and therefore compromised in latex production,allowed us to test the importance of laticifers in pest *** provided genetic evidence indicating that laticifers represent a cellular adaptation for an essential defense strategy to fend off arthropod herbivores with different feeding habits,such as Spodoptera exigua and Tetranychus *** marked contrast,we also discovered that a lack of laticifer cells causes complete resistance to the fungal pathogen Botrytis ***,a latex-derived factor required for conidia germination on the leaf surface was *** factor promoted disease susceptibility enhancement even in the non-latex-bearing plant *** speculate on the role of laticifers in the coevolutionary arms race between plants and their enemies.

关键词： latex Euphorbia lathyris disease resistance disease susceptibility plant defense

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No trade-off between trichome production and tolerance to leaf and inflorescence damage in a natural population of Arabidopsis lyrata

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Journal of plant Ecology 2014年第4期7卷 373-383页

作者： Adriana Puentes JonÅgren Department of plant Ecology and Evolution Evolutionary Biology Centre(EBC)Uppsala UniversityNorbyvägen 18DSE-75236 UppsalaSweden

Aims Early models of plant defense conceived resistance and tolerance to herbivore damage as mutually exclusive *** for this idea has been equivocal and studies on these two strategies are still needed to understand the evolution of defenses in natural *** Arabidopsis lyrata,the production of trichomes,a documented resistance trait,has been associated with a fitness cost in the absence of *** examined whether trichome production is also associated with reduced tolerance to simulated herbivore *** We conducted a field experiment in a natural swedish population of *** where we inflicted leaf(0 vs.50%of the area of each leaf removed)and inflorescence damage(0 vs.50%of inflores-cences removed)to trichome-producing and glabrous plants in a factorial *** examined the response(survival,growth and reproduction)of the plants to the imposed damage over 2 *** Findingstrichome-producing plants were not less tolerant than glabrous plants to simulated herbivore damage(no significant morph×leaf damage or morph×inflorescence damage interactions).Inflorescence and leaf damage had independent negative effects on the performance of damaged *** damage reduced rosette size the year of damage,but effects on reproductive output in the year of damage,and on survival and reproductive performance the following year were weak and not statistically *** damage significantly reduced the number of flowers,fruits and seeds the year of damage,but not in the following *** of morph,the study population was more tolerant to leaf than to inflorescence *** results indicated no trade-off between trichome production and tolerance,suggesting that these two defense mechanisms have the potential to evolve indepen-dently in this *** population.

关键词： plant defense fitness costs resistance traits defoliation florivory

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Ambivalent response in pathogen defense: A double-edged sword?

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plant Communications 2022年第6期3卷 190-207页

作者： Chi-Yeol Kim Hyeunjeong Song Yong-Hwan Lee Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea plant Immunity Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Center for Fungal Genetic Resources Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

plants possess effective immune systems that defend against most microbial *** plant immunity research has focused on the classic binary defense model involving the pivotal role of small-molecule hormones in regulating the plant defense signaling *** most of our current understanding comes from studies that relied on information derived from a limited number of pathosystems,newer studies concerning the incredibly diverse interactions between plants and microbes are providing additional insights into other novel ***,we review the roles of both classical and more recently identified components of defense signaling pathways and stress hormones in regulating the ambivalence effect during responses to diverse *** of their different lifestyles,effective defense against biotrophic pathogens normally leads to increased susceptibility to necrotrophs,and vice *** these opposing forces,the plant potentially faces a trade-off when it mounts resistance to a specific pathogen,a phenomenon referred to here as the ambivalence *** also highlight a novel mechanism by which translational control of the proteins involved in the ambivalence effect can be used to engineer durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance,regardless of the lifestyle of the invading pathogen.

关键词： ambivalence effect crop protection hormone crosstalk pathogen plant defense susceptibility(S)gene

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DICER-LIKE 4 But Not DICER-LIKE 2 May Have a Positive Effect on Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana

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Molecular plant 2013年第1期6卷 232-234页

作者： Elena Dadami Alexandra Boutla Nicholas Vrettos Sergia Tzortzakaki Ismene Karakasilioti Kriton Kalantidis Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology-HellasPO Box 1527GR-71110 HeraklionCreteGreece Department of Biology University of CreteHeraklionCreteGreece

Dear Editor, The role of RNA silencing in antiviral plant defense is rather well studied. In contrast, the role of RNA silencing pathways on viroids＇ biological cycle is still unclear. Viroids are minimal plant pathogens. They do not encode any protein, they are not encapsidated, and they do not require a helper virus for infection. Their small RNA genome carries all the information for host specificity, replication, and systemic spreading （Tabler and Tsagris, 2004）. Potato spindle tuber viroid （PSTVd）, the type species of the Pospoviroidae family, infects Solanaceae plants and may cause severe symptoms （Tabler and Tsagris, 2004）.

关键词： Potato spindle tuber viroid DICER Positive influence RNA silencing Accumulation Tobacco plant defense Virus infection

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Molecular interaction network of plant-herbivorous insects

Advanced Agrochem

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Advanced Agrochem 2024年第1期3卷 74-82页

作者： Chao Hu Yu-Ting Li Yu-Xi Liu Ge-Fei Hao Xue-Qing Yang College of plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province Shenyang110866LiaoningChina National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for Research and Development of Fine ChemicalsState Key Laboratory of Public Big DataGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina

The interactions between plants and herbivorous insects are complex and involve multiple factors,driving species formation and leading to the beginning of co-evolution and diversification of plant and insect *** molecular processes regulate the interactions between plants and herbivorous ***,we discuss the molecular patterns of plant perception of herbivorous insect feeding through activation of early signaling components,crosstalk of plant defense network composed of multiple plant hormones,and various adaptive changes in insect responses to plant *** plant defenses and insect counter-defenses are molecular adaptation processes to each *** models of plant-herbivorous insect interactions can more intuitively help us to understand the co-evolutionary arms race between plants and herbivorous *** results will provide detailed evidence to elucidate and enrich the interaction network of plant-herbivorous insects.

关键词： plant-herbivorous insect interactions plant hormone plant defense Counter-defenses Adaptation

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Evaluation of cotton germplasm for morphological and biochemical host plant UPdates resistance traits against sucking insect pests complex

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Journal of Cotton Research 2021年第3期4卷 211-218页

作者： RIZWAN Muhammad ABRO Saifullah ASIF Muhammad Usman HAMEED Amjad MAH BOOB Wajid DEHO Zaheer Ahmed SIAL Mahboob Ali Nuclear Institute of Agriculture(NIA) TandojamSindh 70060Pakistan Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology(NIAB) Faisalabad 38000Pakistan College of plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Background:Sucking insect pests cause severe damage to cotton crop *** development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield *** the role of morphological and biochemical host plant resista nee(HPR)traits in plant defense,12 cotton genotypes/varieties were evaluated for leaf area,leaf glanding,total soluble sugars,total soluble proteins,total phenolics,tannin and total flavonoids against fluctuating populations of whitefly,thrips and jassid under field ***:The population of these insects fluctuated during the growing seas on and remained above threshold level(whitefly>5,thrips>(8-10)f or jassid>1 per leaf)during late June and early *** and negative association of whitefly(r=-0.825)and jassid(r=-0.929)with seed cotton yield was *** population of insects were the highest in Glandless-1 followed by NIA-82 and ***-Kiran followed by NI AB-878 and Sadori were the most resistant,with the mean population of 1.41,1.60,1.66(whitefly);2.24,232,2.53(thrips)and 037,0.31,036(jassid),*** resistant variety NIAB-Kiran showed less soluble sugars(8.54 mg.g^(-1)),soluble proteins(27.11 mg.g^(-1))and more phenolic(36.56 mg.g^(-1))and flavonoids(13.10mg.g^(-1))as compared with the susceptible check ***,all insect populations were positively correlated with total soluble sugars and *** populations exhibited negative response to leaf gossypol glands,total phenolics,tannins and *** thrips and jassid populations had a significant and negative correlation with these four biochemical HPR ***:The ide ntified resistant resources and HPR traits can be deployed against sucking in sect pests'complex in future breeding programs of developing insect resistant cotton varieties.

关键词： Gossypium Insect resistance plant defense plant breeding Resistant traits Sucking in sects

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Repression of the Auxin Response Pathway Increases Arabidopsis Susceptibility to Necrotrophic Fungi

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Molecular plant 2008年第3期1卷 496-509页

作者： Francisco Llorente Paul M usksktt Andrea Sanchez-Vallet Gemma Lopez Brisa Ramos Clara Sanchez-Rodriguez Lucia Jorda Jane Parker Antonio Molina Centro de Biotecnologia y Genbmica de plantas (CBGP) Departamento de Biotecnologia-UPM ETS Ingenieros Agrbnomos Avda Complutense E-28040Madrid Spain Department of plant-Microbe Interactions Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne Weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany

In plants, resistance to necrotrophic pathogens depends on the interplay between different hormone systems, such as those regulated by salicylic acid （SA）, jasmonic acid （JA）, ethylene, and abscisic acid. Repression of auxin signaling by the SA pathway was recently shown to contribute to antibacterial resistance. Here, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis auxin signaling mutants axrl, axr2, and axr6 that have defects in the auxin-stimulated SCF （Skpl-Cullin- F-box） ubiquitination pathway exhibit increased susceptibility to the necrotrophic fungi Plectosphaerella cucumerina and Botrytis cinerea. Also, stabilization of the auxin transcriptional repressor AXR3 that is normally targeted for removal by the SCF-ubiquitin/proteasome machinery occurs upon P. cucumerina infection. Pharmacological inhibition of auxin transport or proteasome function each compromise necrotroph resistance of wild-type plants to a similar extent as in non-treated auxin response mutants. These results suggest that auxin signaling is important for resistance to the necrotro- phic fungi P. cucumerina and B. cinerea. SGTlb （one of two Arabidopsis SGT1 genes encoding HSP90/HSC70 co-chaperones） promotes the functions of SCF E3-ubiquitin ligase complexes in auxin and JA responses and resistance conditioned by certain Resistance （R） genes to biotrophic pathogens. We find that sgtlb mutants are as resistant to P. cucumerina as wild-type plants. Conversely, auxin/SCF signaling mutants are uncompromised in RPP4-triggered resistance to the obligate biotrophic oomycete, Hyaloperonospora parasitica. Thus, the predominant action of SGTlb in R gene-conditioned resis- tance to oomycetes appears to be at a site other than assisting SCF E3-ubiquitin ligases. However, genetic additivity of sgtlb axrl double mutants in susceptibility to H. parasitica suggests that SCF-mediated ubiquitination contributes to lim- iting biotrophic pathogen colonization once plant-pathogen compatibility is established.

关键词： plant defense innate immunity necrotrophic fungi auxin signaling proteasome.

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The Salicylic Acid Receptor NPR3 Is a Negative Regulator of the Transcriptional defense Response during Early Flower Development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular plant 2013年第3期6卷 802-816页

作者： Zi Shi Siela Maximova Yi Liu Joseph Verica Mark J. Guiltinan The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Department of plant Science Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

Arabidopsis NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR1 （NPR1） is a transcription co-activator that plays a central role in regulating the transcriptional response to plant pathogens. The NPR family consists of NPR1 and five NPRl-like genes. The NPR1 paralog NPR3 has recently been shown to function as a receptor of the plant hormone salicylic acid and to mediate proteosomal degradation of NPR1. The function of NPR3 protein during early flower development was revealed through a detailed molecular-genetic analysis including promoter transcriptional fusion analysis, phenotype characterization of npr3-3 mutants/overexpressors, and whole-plant fitness analysis. The physical interaction between NPR3 and NPR1/ TGA2 was explored using bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis in onion epidermal cells, Here, we show that NPR3 expression was strongest in the petals and sepals of developing flowers and declined after flower opening. Consistently with this observation, an npr3 knockout mutant displayed enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae infection of immature flowers, but not leaves. Developing npr3 flowers exhibited increased levels of basal and induced PR1 transcript accumulation. However, the npr3 mutant showed lower fitness compared to Col-0 in the absence of pathogen. Moreover, NPR3 was shown to interact with NPR1 and TGA2 in vivo. Our data suggest that NPR3 is a negative regulator of defense responses during early flower development and it may function through the association with both NPR1 and TGA2.

关键词： plant defense NPR3 negative regulator Arabidopsis flower.

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