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Perspective Plant Species for Stabilization of Sand Dunes on the Exposed Aral Sea Bed

Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2013年第10期3卷 655-662页

作者： Habibullo F. Shomurodov Tashkhanim T. Rakhimova Shakhnoza U. Saribaeva Nodira K. Rakhimova Rasul A.ESOV Bekhzod A. Adilov Institute of Gene pool of Plants and Animals Uzbek Academy of Sciences Tashkent 98-371 Uzbekistan

A new salty and sandy desert of ca 5 million ha has emerged on the exposed Aral Sea bed. Every year, 170-200 tons of salt and dust rise into the air and fall on the territory of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. A number of experiments have been *** in order to study the salt tolerance of plants and select drought- and salt-resistant plant species, which show a wide ecological range, to fix quick-sand dunes on the exposed Aral Sea bed. Among the studied species of Calligonum genus C. caput-medusae Schrenk was the most resistant to the saline solution. At the end of the vegetation experiment, the survivability of individuals constituted 44.1% at the concentration of 1.0% of sodium chloride. Artemisiaferganensis Krasch. ex Poljak. and Salsola richteri （Moq.） Kar. ex Litv. showed a good resistance to the concentration of saline solution as high as 150 ram, at which no dried plants were recorded. As the concentration grew to 300 mM, the survivability of Artemisiaferganensis dropped to 40.0% while 66.7 Salsola richteri individuals were developing successfully. An almost similar result was obtained during the experiment on Nitraria schoberi L.. The survivability ofKrascheninnikovia ewersmanniana （Stschegl. ex Losinsk.） Grub. individuals significantly decreased at the concentration of 200 mm （33.4%）, while for Agropyron cristatum the concentration of 300 mm was threshold, at which the survivability of individuals was below 3.3%. The most resistant to the deflation of sands on the exposed bed were Salsola richteri and Calligonum caput-medusae, whose survivability on the sandy dunes was 17%-41%.

关键词： Aral Sea phyto-melioration salt resistance deflation halophytes.

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