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Elemental allelopathy by an arsenic hyperaccumulating fern,Pteris vittata L.

Journal of Plant ecology 2018年第4期11卷 553-559页

作者： Benjamin D.Jaffe Michael E.Ketterer Stephen M.Shuster Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University617 S.Beaver St.PO Box 5640FlagstaffAZ 86011USA Department of Chemistry Metropolitan State University of DenverPO Box 173362DenverCO 80217USA

Aims the functional advantages of arsenic(As)hyperaccumulation by plants are poorly *** proposed benefit,termed ele-mental allelopathy,occurs when hyperaccumulated As is cycled from the plant back into the top layer of soil,allowing As hyperaccu-mulators to gain an advantage over intolerant species by increasing soil As concentrations([As])underneath their *** date,there are no studies that detail the presence of increased soil[As]associ-ated with As *** this study,we documented vari-ation in the soil[As]associated with the Chinese brake fern,Pteris vittata *** also compared the effects of environmentally relevant soil and solution[As]on competitor plant *** Four populations of *** were identified in central Florida,*** tissue samples and soil samples were collected at the base of and at 3 m away from ferns in each population(n=36).Five sample locations were randomly selected from each site,and soils from the base and 3 m away from each fern were collected to examine the effects of naturally occurring soil[As]on the germination and growth of a potential competitor plant(Oxalis stricta).Solutions with increasing[As]were also used to examine the threshold for negative effects of[As]on *** growth.[As]were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Important Findings Overall,soil[As]from the base of ferns was nearly twice that of soil 3 m away indicating that ferns hyperaccumulate ***,ferns and their associated soil,contained different[As]depending on their col-lection site,indicating that these populations accumulate and use[As]*** growth decreased and germination was delayed as solution and soil[As]***,the relative distance from the fern that the soil was collected from did not affect growth,which would be expected with elemental *** results show that *** is associated with higher soil[As]and these concentrations are su

关键词： Pteris vittata Chinese brake fern soil arsenic hyperaccumulation elemental allelopathy plant-plant competition physiological ecology

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