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Dynamic phosphorus budget for lake-watershed ecosystems

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第3期18卷 596-603页

作者： LIU Yong GUO Huai-cheng WANG Li-jing DAI Yong-li ZHANG Xiu-min LI Zi-hai College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Yunnan Institute of Environmental Science Kunming 650034 China

Lake eutrophication caused by excess phosphorus （P） loading from point sources （PS） and nonpoint sources （NPS） is a persistent and serious ecological problem in China. A phosphorus budget, based on material flow analysis（MFA） and system dynamic （SD）, is proposed and applied for the agriculture-dominated Qionghai Lake watershed located in southwestern China. The MFA-SD approach will not only cover the transporting process of P in the lake-watershed ecosystems, but also can deal with the changes of P budget due to the dynamics of watershed. P inflows include the fertilizer for agricultural croplands, soil losses, domestic sewage discharges, and the atmospheric disposition such as precipitation and dust sinking. Outflows are consisted of hydrologic export, water resources development, fishery and aquatic plants harvesting. The internal P recycling processes are also considered in this paper. From 1988 to 2015, the total P inflows for Lake Qionghai are in a rapid increase from 35.65 to 78.73 t/a, which results in the rising of P concentration in the lake. Among the total P load 2015, agricultural loss and domestic sewage account for 70.60% and 17.27% respectively, directly related to the rapid social-economic development and the swift urbanization. Future management programs designed to reduce P inputs must be put into practices in the coming years to ensure the ecosystem health in the watershed.

关键词： phosphorus budget lake-watershed ecosystems material flow analysis system dynamic

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phosphorus budget of redeye mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.) under graded feeding levels

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2006年第3期24卷 313-317页

作者：康斌线薇薇武云飞 Fishery College Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 ChinaKey Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Fishery College Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

Experiment on phosphorus budget of redeye mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.) was con- ducted at water temperature 21℃ and salinity 33. The results showed that the growth phosphorus (phosphorus that allocated into growth, GP) increased from –30.84% to 15.83% by feeding on graded amount of diets (starvation, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% body weight and satiation). The GP linearly increased with feeding levels (FL) as GP (mg) =–0.785 + 0.604 FL, and at satiation the relationship between GP and body weight (BW) was GP (mg) = 1.5991 BW 0.768 5. In the budget, IP (intake phosphorus) = GP + FP (faecal phosphorus) + EP (excretion phosphorus). FP showed an irregular tendency with different feeding levels, and EP decreased with increasing feeding levels but rebound at satiation. The P budget at satiation was 100IP = 15.84 GP + 64.62 FP + 19.55 EP.

关键词： phosphorus budget feeding level growth Liza haematocheila

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Nitrogen and phosphorus budget of a Polyculture System of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus), Jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta) and Shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第3期13卷 503-508页

作者： LI Junwei DONG Shuanglin GAO Qinfeng ZHU Changbo Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education of China Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

The nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) budget and the ecological efficiency of a polyculture system of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus), jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta) and shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) were studied in a cofferdam, 120.2 ha in size. The nutrients were supplied by spring tide inflow. In total, 139600 kg N yr-1 and 9730 kg P yr-1 input to the system; while 118900 kg N yr-1 and 2840 kg P yr-1 outflowed from the system concurrently, thus the outflow was 85.7%(N) and 29.2%(P) of inflow. The production of N and P was 889.5 kg yr-1 and 49.28 kg yr-1(sea cucumber) and 204 kg yr-1 and 18.03 kg yr-1(jellyfish and shrimp), respectively. The utilization rate of N and P by polycultured animals was 7.8‰ and 6.9‰, respectively, 21.9% and 38% higher than that of monocultured sea cucumber. Our results indicated that the polyculture system was an efficient culture system of animals and a remediation system of coastal environment as well; it scavenged 14.3% and 70.8% of N and P, respectively. Such an ecological efficiency may be improved further by increasing either the stocking density or the size of sea cucumber or both.

关键词： polyculture nitrogen budget phosphorus budget Apostichopus japonicus Rhopilema esculenta Fenneropenaeus chinensis

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Impact of Long-Term Fertilization on phosphorus Status in Black Soil

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Pedosphere 2005年第3期15卷 319-326页

作者： HAN Xiao-Zeng1, SONG Chun-Yu1, WANG Shou-Yu1 and C. TANG2 1Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150040 (China). 2Department of Agricultural Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic 3086 (Australia) Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Harbin 150040 (China)

A twelve-year field trial was carried out to determine the impact of long-term fertilization on phosphorus (P) distribu- tion in the soil profile, P balance, and the transformation and availability of soil P in a black soil (Phaeozem, FAO). Under a wheat-soybean-corn rotation, during twelve years where no fertilizer was applied, crops removed 60 and 81 mg P kg-1 soil in the control and NK treatment, respectively. About one third of the P absorbed by crops was originated from organic P. Ca2-P, Cag-P, Al-P and Fe-P were the main forms of inorganic P absorbed by crops. The surplus P from fertilization remained in the 0-20 cm soil layer and increased with the application rate of P. The combined application of NP or NPK increased available P to a lesser extent than the combined application of PK. Fertilizer P had mainly transformed to the Al-P, Fe-P, Ca2-P, and Cas-P forms. By using the P budget (X), changes in total P (Y1) and available P (Y2) in soils under the current cropping system could be predicted by the equations: Y1 = 0.02 + 1.01X and Y2 = 2.08 + 0.15X.

关键词： black soil crop removal long-term fertilization phosphorus budget phosphorus fractions

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